145,021 research outputs found
Erzbischof Adam Loftus und die elisabethanische Reformationspolitik in Irland
No full textElektronische Reproduktion von: Erzbischof Adam Loftus und die elisabethanische Reformationspolitik in Irland / von Helga Robinson-Hammerstein. - XVII, 262 Seiten. - Marburg, Univ., Diss., 1976
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. -
Signatur: 001 NZN L En 23377. -
Digitalisiert 202
Test a Witness’s Memory of a Suspect Only Once
No full textEyewitness misidentifications are almost always made with high confidence in the courtroom. The courtroom is where eyewitnesses make their last identification of defendants suspected of (and charged with) committing a crime. But what did those same eyewitnesses do on the first identification test conducted early in a police investigation? Despite testifying with high confidence in court, many eyewitnesses also testified that they had initially identified the suspect with low confidence or failed to identify the suspect at all. Presenting a lineup leaves the eyewitness with a memory trace of the faces in the lineup, including that of the suspect. As a result, the memory signal generated by the face of that suspect will be stronger on a later test involving the same witness, even if the suspect is innocent. In that sense, testing memory contaminates memory. These considerations underscore the importance of a newly proposed
recommendation for conducting eyewitness identifications: Avoid repeated identification procedures with the same witness and suspect. This recommendation applies not only to additional tests conducted by police investigators but also to the final test conducted in the courtroom, in front of the judge and jury.This Unpublished paper is done by John T. Wixted, Gary L. Wells, Elizabeth F. Loftus, & Brandon L. Garrett, Test a Witness’s Memory of a Suspect Only Once. 2021. Posted with permission
Oversimplifications and Misrepresentations in the Repressed Memory Debate: A Reply to Ross
No full textRoss argued that false memory researchers misunderstand the concepts of repression and dissociation, as well as the writings of Freud. In this commentary, we show that Ross is wrong. He oversimplifies and misrepresents the literature on repressed and false memory. We rebut Ross by showing the fallacies underlying his arguments. For example, we adduce evidence showing that the notions of dissociation or repression are unnecessary to explain how people may forget and then remember childhood sexual abuse, stressing that abuse survivors may reinterpret childhood events later in life. Also, Ross overlooks previous critiques concerning dissociation. Finally, we will demonstrate that Ross misrepresents work by Freud and Loftus in the area of repressed and false memory. His article confuses, not clarifies, an already heated debate on the existence of repressed memory
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Linguaggio e pratiche di cura tra descrizione e intrepretazione. Riflessioni a partire dalla prospettiva di S. Loftus e J. Higgs
No full textIl testo approfondisce la posizione di S. Loftus e J. Higgs in merito alla possibilità di considerare l'approfondimento delle competenze linguistiche, da parte dei profesionisti della sanità, come elemento imprescindibile in vista di una comprensione autentica tra medico e paziente. Il fil rouge dal punto di vista teorretico è costituito dall'evoluzione del pensiero di Wittgenstein ed in particolare della sua elaborazione di significato come uso e non più soltanto come rappresentazione
Changing beliefs and memories through dream interpretation
No full textAutobiographical memory is malleable, but how much can we change people’s beliefs and memories about the past? We approached this question with a method designed to supply subjects with a highly personalized suggestion about what probably happened in their childhood. In the current study, one group of subjects (the ‘Dream ’ subjects) had their dreams interpreted to indicate that they had experienced a critical childhood event (e.g. being harassed by a bully) before the age of 3. Relative to control subjects who did not receive personalized suggestion, the Dream subjects were more likely to increase their belief that they had the critical experience, and approximately half of these also produced concrete memory reports. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for autobiographical memory, and also for psychotherapy practice. Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. We know that autobiographical memory is malleable, but how much can be change people’s beliefs and memories about the past? Many researchers have explored this question, and have devised a variety of paradigms for doing so. For example, one paradigm involves family members who collaborate with the researchers in providing false suggestions about the childhood of their relative (Loftus and Pickrell, 1995
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Comparison of patients satisfaction with community-based vs. hospital psychiatric services
No full textOBJECTIVE: Previous work suggests that psychiatric patients are more satisfied with community-based than with hospital-based services, but it is not clear how far these findings can be generalized to routine services. The aim of this study was to compare the satisfaction of patients with psychosis between a hospital-based service in London, UK and a community-based service in Verona, Italy.
METHOD: The Verona Service Satisfaction Scale (VSSS) was used to measure satisfaction among patients with psychosis in Nunhead (London) and South Verona.
RESULTS: Satisfaction across all dimensions was higher in South Verona than in Nunhead. Sociodemographic and service use differences between the two groups were insufficient to explain this difference.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that experimental findings that patients prefer community-based to hospital psychiatric services can be generalized to routine services
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