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Tax Justice: A Pathway to Better Health
No full textNational governments, independently through their policy choices and collectively through global institutions, influence nearly all determinants of health: from providing access to public health care, adequate housing, social protection, and universal education, to ensuring decent work and employment, a fair income, food security, and a sustainably healthy environment. To do so, governments must raise revenue through taxation and use it effectively and accountably.Taxes have been described as society’s superpower. Yet deep historic and structural global injustices mean governments are often unable or unwilling to effectively generate and allocate taxes in ways that dismantle inequalities. Tax injustice infringes on the lives, rights, and well-being of all people and further marginalizes discriminated groups. This is the status quo. There is an alternate path possible, the status futurus. Activist communities and engaged policymakers are already shaping a world where tax abuse is being stemmed, tax systems within and across countries are becoming fairer, and taxes are effectively contributing to healthier societies. Resistance to this movement is strong and from many sides; what role are health activists playing in challenging this resistance? This chapter examines the current status quo and what can be done to change the situation in tax to improve public health; it is written specifically for the health workers and health activists
Tax justice:a pathway to better health
No full textNational governments, independently through their policy choices and collectively through global institutions, influence nearly all determinants of health: from providing access to public health care, adequate housing, social protection, and universal education, to ensuring decent work and employment, a fair income, food security, and a sustainably healthy environment. To do so, governments must raise revenue through taxation and use it effectively and accountably.Taxes have been described as society’s superpower. Yet deep historic and structural global injustices mean governments are often unable or unwilling to effectively generate and allocate taxes in ways that dismantle inequalities. Tax injustice infringes on the lives, rights, and well-being of all people and further marginalizes discriminated groups. This is the status quo. There is an alternate path possible, the status futurus. Activist communities and engaged policymakers are already shaping a world where tax abuse is being stemmed, tax systems within and across countries are becoming fairer, and taxes are effectively contributing to healthier societies. Resistance to this movement is strong and from many sides; what role are health activists playing in challenging this resistance? This chapter examines the current status quo and what can be done to change the situation in tax to improve public health; it is written specifically for the health workers and health activists
IDS Working Paper 84
No full textThis is an output of the collaboration between the Training and Research Centre, Harare, and the Health and
Social Change Programme at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton. It was written while the author
was a Visiting Fellow at the IDS in August and December 1998.Participation of communities is widely argued to be an important factor in improving health outcomes and the
performance of health systems. This paper uses a review of past experience of participation in Zimbabwe’s
health system to propose that participation be strengthened along two dimensions: Creating realistic
expectations between communities and health services in their contributions towards health, and in the
governance of health systems. Various examples are outlined of the relationship between social participation
and control and health outcomes. The paper also outlines the features of and factors in building participation in
governance of health systems. It argues for a wider inclusion of social groups from civil society, elected
leadership and health systems in structures and processes that set and audit health policies and priorities. It
discusses issues to be addressed in enhancing participation, including the information, processes, capacities and
resources required. Finally, it reviews the proposals for and issues to be addressed in enhancing participation
and accountability in Zimbabwe's health sector at district, referral hospital and national level
Globalization and occupational health: a perspective from southern Africa
No full textIncreased world trade has generally benefited industrialized or strong economies and marginalized those that are weak. This paper examines the impact of globalization on employment trends and occupational health, drawing on examples from southern Africa. While the share of world trade to the world's poorest countries has decreased, workers in these countries increasingly find themselves in insecure, poor-quality jobs, sometimes involving technologies which are obsolete or banned in industrialized countries. The occupational illness which results is generally less visible and not adequately recognized as a problem in low-income countries. Those outside the workplace can also be affected through, for example, work-related environmental pollution and poor living conditions. In order to reduce the adverse effects of global trade reforms on occupational health, stronger social protection measures must be built into production and trade activities, including improved recognition, prevention, and management of work-related ill-health. Furthermore, the success of production and trade systems should be judged on how well they satisfy both economic growth and population health
Child labour in Zimbabwe and the rights of the child
No full textChild labour in Zimbabwe can be found on large scale farms, in the peasant sector, in formal domestic employment, in the small scale industries of the informal sector, in contract work in some industries, and in 'street' jobs. The real extent of child labour in each of these sectors is unknown, and the conditions under which children workhavenotbeen documented inany detail. The reasons for thepresence of child labour, and the conditions under which they work, are at odds with the rights of children outlined in the Draft UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, and will persist while society and the economy continue to generate extremes of poverty and wealth
An overview of health manpower issues in relation to equity in health services in Zimbabwe
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