1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
An assessment of local involvement and influence in the development of a water sharing plan, NSW, Australia
No full textParticipatory planning involving local people has become a basic principle in the water field. The potential benefits of involving local people in decisions that affect them directly is broadly recognized. However, the extent to which participants are interested in, and capable of, being involved effectively in planning activities varies widely. This study aimed to assess local involvement and influence in the development of a water sharing plan in New South Wales, Australia. To accomplish this an evaluative framework was developed and applied to a case study of the Hunter River Catchment, NSW. The case study revealed that a relatively high degree of local involvement was appropriate, and to a certain extent, was achieved. However, local influence was constrained by challenges related to representation, and definition of tasks and responsibilities. The suitability of influence as a result of involvement is discussed and recommendations are provided
Assessing institutions for aquatic ecosystem protection: A case study of the Oldman River Basin, Alberta
No full textPolicies to protect aquatic ecosystems have proven difficult to implement. This is particularly so in semi-arid regions where water supplies are limited and demands high. The failure of such policies has serious consequences both for aquatic ecosystems and for the people who depend on them. This research investigates the factors that shape the development and implementation of policies for aquatic ecosystem protection in a semi-arid region. It does so by integrating insights from political ecology, human ecology and common property scholarship in a novel theoretical framework that helps to unravel the complex web of cultural, historical and political processes underlying environmental institutions. This integrated framework guides an empirical investigation in the Oldman River Basin (ORB), Alberta. Evidence gathered from 72 documents, 56 key informant interviews, and personal observations from 14 conferences, workshops and watershed tours reveals two sets of eight factors that have impeded progress toward aquatic ecosystem protection in the ORB. The first set of factors focuses on broad contextual influences. These include (1) the ongoing decentralization of water management in Alberta; (2) historically-entrenched positions of power; (3) micro-politics among key actors and organizations; (4) cultural history and identity; (5) application of legal mechanisms; (6) existing water infrastructure and allocations; (7) current aquatic ecosystem condition; and, (8) climate change and future water availability. The second set of influences, referred to as implementation factors, explain the limited extent to which aquatic ecosystem protection policies are being implemented. These include (1) clarity of the actors' roles; (2) communication; (3) the definition of key terms; (4) funding and organizational capacity; (5) leadership; (6) the formal institutional environment; (7) data and monitoring; and, (8) public education. An assessment of the relative significance of these two sets of factors indicates that, in many cases, the contextual factors contradict the course of action recommended by study participants and in the documents reviewed for overcoming the barriers identified as factors affecting implementation. Alternative recommendations are made which have major implications for water management in the ORB. In addition, these recommendations speak to the importance of considering context in human-environment research
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Knowledge Production and Use in Collaborative Environmental Governance: a Case Study of Water Allocation Planning in South Australia
Full text linkBy permitting the integration of multiple forms of knowledge through joint fact-finding, it is suggested that collaborative governance approaches can produce more holistic and place-based understandings of environmental problems and help to alleviate conflict among stakeholders over the knowledge that is used to make decisions. Despite the central role of knowledge in collaborative processes, research in the collaborative environmental governance field to-date has provided limited practical insight into what they can and cannot achieve or how processes should be structured and run to produce successful outcomes related to knowledge production and use. This study seeks to address this gap in the literature through three specific research objectives: (1) to develop a theoretical framework for analyzing knowledge production and use in collaborative environmental governance; (2) to use the framework to analyze knowledge production and use in a real-world collaborative environmental governance process; and (3) to offer recommendations for designing or adapting collaborative environmental governance processes to better achieve the goals of collaboration related to knowledge production and use. A multiple case study approach was used to analyze knowledge production and use in a collaborative water allocation planning process in South Australia. The findings affirm that a number of theorized process and outcome criteria associated with successful knowledge production and use are achievable in practice. Despite limited evidence that local actors were involved directly in producing knowledge within the processes that were examined, the findings showed that participants in at least one of the cases were able to achieve a high level of understanding and acceptance of the knowledge used to base policy decisions, as well as to build social capital among scientists and local participants. This paradox draws attention to limits of current theories in the collaborative environmental governance literature for designing and implementing successful collaboration and offers important insights for evaluating collaborative processes. The study also provides a preliminary set of recommendations for structuring and executing collaborative processes to achieve successful outcomes related to knowledge production and use. While the findings of this study relate most directly to the water allocation planning system in South Australia, they are also transferable to other collaborative institutions, particularly those that are nested within a more traditional top-down system of governance
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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