1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Effectiveness of a Short-term Rehabilitation Programme of Preoperative High Intensity Exercise and Inspiratory Muscle Training to Improve Postoperative Recovery in Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgical Lung Resection
Full text linkIntroduction: Patients with operable lung cancer may be elderly, frail and multimorbid, presenting with debilitating symptoms that can increase the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications and result in extended hospital length of stays. It was hypothesised that a 2-4 week preoperative rehabilitation programme consisting of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) could improve preoperative pulmonary function to optimise postoperative recovery. The twice weekly face-to-face programme was supervised by a qualified physiotherapist or exercise physiologist within a community gym setting and the virtual programme consisted of recorded videos and live online exercise sessions for patients to access at home. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the two modes of preoperative rehabilitation programmes in improving patient outcomes in comparison with standard care (no rehabilitation) in patients awaiting surgical resection for lung cancer.
Methods: A case-control cohort design evaluated the effectiveness and feasibility of preoperative HIIT and IMT for lung cancer patients delivered through the expansion of an existing Cardiac Rehabilitation Service. The preoperative rehabilitation programme was delivered either face-to-face or virtually and was compared to standard care. A total sample of 444 patient records were evaluated; standard care (n=166), face-to-face rehabilitation (n=142) and virtual rehabilitation (n=136). Groups were matched on age, BMI, ASA classification and extent of surgical resection undertaken. Patient data from a 3-year period was accessed to review hospital length of stay, incidence of pulmonary complications and 12-month survival. Pre and post intervention pulmonary function tests and health-related quality of life were measured alongside patient uptake, programme completion, HIIT attainment and patient or clinician reported adverse events in both rehabilitation groups.
Results: PiMAX improved significantly pre and post virtual rehabilitation, mean increase 1.312 cmH20 (p=0.001, 95% CI 0.535-2.089cmH20) and pre and post faceto-face rehabilitation, mean increase 1.144cmH20 (p<0.001, 95% CI 0.5581.730cmH20). Face-to-face rehabilitation significantly increased preoperative FEV1, mean difference 0.064 litres (p<0.001, 95% CI 0.032-0.096 litres), percentage predicted FEV1 2.79% (p<0.001, 95% CI 1.599-3.978%) and preoperative FVC 0.083 litres (p<0.001, 95% CI 0.045-0.121 litres). Virtual rehabilitation achieved nonsignificant increases in these pulmonary function measures and significantly increased percentage predicted FVC 2.74% (p=0.021, 95% CI 0.331-3.858%). Postoperative complication severity was significantly lower with virtual rehabilitation in comparison to standard care (p=0.002) but was not statistically different to face-to-face rehabilitation. Virtual rehabilitation had a significantly lower proportion of positive radiological findings at 20.6% compared to face-toface rehabilitation 33.8% (p=0.013). Despite significant improvements in pulmonary function and some improvement in postoperative complications with rehabilitation, hospital length of stay (mean ±SD) for virtual rehabilitation (8.13 days ±6.45) or face-to-face rehabilitation (9.75 days ±9.61) was not significantly different to standard care (8.27 days ±5.47) (p=0.114). Mean length of high dependency care was also not statistically different between groups (p=0.561). Preoperative rehabilitation groups did not differ statistically from standard care for antimicrobial therapy prescription, high flow oxygen requirement, tracheostomy insertion or chest drain duration. All factors indicative of postoperative pulmonary complications were associated with significantly increased risk of mortality 12 months post-surgery; postoperative tracheostomy insertion HR 8.19 (p<0.001, 95% CI 4.25-15.77), high flow oxygen requirement HR 3.90 (p<0.001, 95% CI 2.17-7.00), positive radiological findings HR 2.62 (p<0.001, 95% CI 1.58-4.35), positive sputum culture HR 2.44 (p=0.002, 95% CI 1.41-4.25) and antimicrobial therapy prescription HR 2.33 (p=0.002, 95% CI 1.38-3.94). Virtual or face-to-face rehabilitation did not influence 12-month survival although a poorer baseline physical activity status was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality at 12-months HR 1.92 (p=0.001, 95% CI 1.33-2.77). No serious adverse events occurred with intervention and programmes had 100% uptake and high completion rates; virtual rehabilitation 76.5% and face-to-face rehabilitation 73.2%. 43% of patients in either mode of delivery were unable to achieve 80% HRR HIIT targets in the programme. Waiting time to surgery (mean ±SD) was significantly longer in face-to-face rehabilitation (23.48 days ±11.39) in comparison to virtual rehabilitation (19.92 days ±12.12) (p=0.033, 95% CI 0.23-6.89) and standard care (18.45 days ±19.92) (p<0.001, 95% CI 2.07-7.98).
Conclusion: A 2-4 week combined HIIT and IMT programme as a preoperative rehabilitation strategy can improve pulmonary function for patients awaiting surgical lung resection but improvements may not influence hospital length of stay, incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications or 12-month survival. Virtual rehabilitation appears to be a superior mode of delivery to influence clinical severity of postoperative complications and provide timely intervention in comparison to face-to-face rehabilitation. Cardiac Rehabilitation programmes could be a viable referral pathway for lung cancer patients to access rehabilitation programmes in the future but further research is needed to establish the cost effectiveness of these interventions prior to implementation
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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