218 research outputs found
LATAR DALAM KINDERROMAN “OMA! SCHREIT DER FRIEDER” KARYA GUDRUN MEBS
No full textABSTRAK
NINDIA NOVIANTI, 2020. Latar dalam Kinderroman “Oma! Schreit der Frieder” Karya Gudrun Mebs. Skripsi, Jakarta : Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Jerman, Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Jakarta.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk megetahui latar yang terdapat dalam Kinderroman “Oma! Schreit der Frieder“ karya Gudrun Mebs sebagai salah satu cara untuk menambah pemahaman mahasiswa tentang karya sastra, khususnya dalam bentuk prosa, yaitu Kinderroman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka.
Fokus penelitian ini yaitu latar dalam Kinderroman “Oma! Schreit der Frieder“ karya Gudrun Mebs. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah kalimat yang menggambarkan latar dalam Kinderroman, yang dianalisis berdasarkan jenis latar menurut teori Claus Gigl. Bedasarkan hasil analisis ditemukan 6 jenis latar yang dalam Kinderroman Oma! Schreit der Frieder karya Gudrun Mebs, yaitu Handlungsraum sebanyak 34 data, Stimmungsraum 30 data, Lebensraum 9 data, Gedankenraum 6 data, Symbolraum 4 data dan Kontrastraum 1 data. Latar yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Handlungsraum, karena pengarang ingin lebih menunjukan suatu peristiwa sebagai tempat atau lokasi kegiatan tokoh beraktivitas.
Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai materi tambahan untuk membantu pemahaman mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Jerman mengenai latar terutama dalam Kinderroman.
Kata Kunci: Latar, Kinderroman, Oma! Schreit der Frieder, Gudrun Mebs
ABSTRACT
NINDIA NOVIANTI, 2020. The Setting in Kinderroman "Oma! Schreit der Frieder" by Gudrun Mebs. Thesis, Jakarta: German Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Language and Art, Jakarta State University.
The purpose of this study is to find out the setting contained in the "Oma! Schreit der Frieder" by Gudrun Mebs as one way to increase students' understanding of literary works, especially in the form of prose, namely Kinderroman. This study uses qualitative methods with literature study techniques.
The focus of this research is the setting in the Kniderroman "Oma! Schreit der Frieder" by Gudrun Mebs. The data in this study are sentences that describe the setting in Kinderroman, which are analyzed based on the type of setting according to Claus Gigl's theory. Based on the results of the analysis found 6 types of background in Oma! Schreit der Frieder by Gudrun Mebs, namely Handlungsraum with 34 data, Stimmungsraum 30 data, Lebensraum 9 data, Gedankenraum 6 data, Symbolraum 4 data and Kontrastraum 1 data. The most common setting is Handlungsraum, because the author wants to show an event more as a place or location for activities of a character.
Based on this analysis, this research is expected to be used as additional material to help students understand the German Language Study Program regarding background, especially in Kinderroman.
Keywords: Setting, Kinderroman, Oma! Schreit der Frieder, Gudrun Mebs
A General Methodology for Adapting Industrial HMIs to Human Operators
No full textModern production systems are becoming more and more complex to comply with diversified market needs, flexible production, and competitiveness. Despite technological progress, the presence of human operators is still fundamental in production plants, since they have the important role of supervising and monitoring processes, by interacting with such complex machines. The complexity of machines implies an increased complexity of human-machine interfaces (HMIs), which are the main point of contact between the operator and the machine. Thus, HMIs cannot be considered anymore an accessory to the machine and their improvement has become an important part of the design of the whole machines, to enable a nonstressful interaction and make them easy to also use less skilled operators. In this article, we present a general framework for the design of HMIs that adapt to the skills and capabilities of the operator, with the ultimate aim of enabling a smooth and efficient interaction and improving user's situation awareness. Adaptation is achieved by considering three different levels: Perception (i.e., how information is presented), cognition (i.e., what information is presented), and interaction (i.e., how interaction is enabled). For each level, general guidelines for adaptation are provided, thus defining a meta-HMI independent of the application. Finally, some examples of how the proposed adaptation patterns can be applied to the case of procedural and extraordinary maintenance tasks are presented. Note to Practitioners-This article was motivated by the problem of facilitating the interaction of human operators with human-machine interfaces (HMIs) of complex industrial systems. Standard industrial HMIs are static and do not consider the user's characteristics. As a consequence, least-skilled operators are prevented from their use and/or have poor performance. In this article, we suggest a novel methodology to the design of adaptive industrial HMIs that adapt to the skills and capabilities of operators and compensate their limitations (e.g., due to age or inexperience). In particular, we propose a methodological framework that consists of general rules to accommodate the user's characteristics. Adaptation is achieved at three different levels: Perception (i.e., how information is presented), cognition (i.e., what information is presented), and interaction (i.e., how interaction is enabled). The presented rules are independent of the target application. Nevertheless, we establish a relationship between such design rules and user's impairments and capabilities and kind of working tasks. Hence, designers of HMIs are called to instantiate them considering the specific requirements and characteristics of the users and the working tasks of the application at hand
Methodological Approach for the Evaluation of an Adaptive and Assistive Human-Machine System
No full textWith the increasing complexity of modern industrial automatic and robotic systems, an increasing burden is put on the operators, who are requested to supervise and interact with such complex systems, typically under challenging and stressful conditions. To overcome this issue, it is necessary to adopt a responsible approach based on the anthropocentric design methodology, such that machines adapt to the humans capabilities. Moving along these lines, a methodological approach called MATE was introduced in [1], which consists in devising complex automatic or robotic solutions that measure current operator's status, adapting the interaction accordingly, and providing her/him with proper training to improve the interaction and learn lacking skills and expertise. In this paper we propose an evaluation and validation procedure to guarantee the achievement of the requirements of a MATE system
An Adaptive Speech Interface for Assistance in Maintenance and Changeover Procedure
No full textMachine operators remain important in future production environments and need intuitive and powerful interaction techniques. Many assistance and support applications for machine operators use speech-based interfaces since they are suitable during manual tasks and when visual attention cannot be occupied. Due to developments like the demographic change or the need for skilled personnel, the skills and capabilities of the workers will become increasingly diverse. Speech-based interfaces therefore need to be adaptable to the capabilities, limitations and preferences of individual operators. This paper addresses this requirement and proposes an adaptive speech interface that supports machine operators during maintenance and changeover procedures. All aspects of the proposed application can be adapted to the requirements of the user. The system uses a process model, instruction templates, a user model, and a model of the input vocabulary to describe the components of the application. This allows a flexible adaptation of the speech interface and the provided instructions to the requirements of individual users and to further use cases
"Third Generation"-Type Functional Tris(2-pyridyl)borate Ligands and their Transition-Metal Complexes
No full textPhenyltris(2-pyridyl)borates (Tpyb) are a promising class of tripodal “scorpionate”-type ligands with potential utility in the development of transition metal complexes with interesting optical, electronic or magnetic properties, and as building blocks to metallosupramolecular polymers. We report here a new class of “third generation”-type Tpyb ligands that contain different functional groups attached to the boron-bound aryl moiety. The synthesis, characterization and metal ion complexation behavior of ligands with iodo and trimethylsilyl groups is discussed. The electrochemical and absorption characteristics of the corresponding low-spin Fe(II) and Ru(II) complexes are compared. We demonstrate the further elaboration of the iodo derivatives with alkynes via Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling, a process that proceeds with high yield for the Fe(II) and Ru(II) complexes, but not for the free ligand. The borylation of the silyl-substituted Ru(II) complex with BBr3 was also investigated. In addition to the expected borylation product, Ru(Tpyb-Bpin)2, the replacement of one (major product) or two phenyl groups is observed, suggesting that electrophilic borylation occurs at both the C(Ph)-Si and the C(Ph)-B aromatic carbons. The successful attachment of a range of different functional groups at the periphery of the Tpyb metal complexes is expected to provide opportunities to access new polymeric materials via C-C coupling or click-type reactions.Peer reviewe
An Adaptive Virtual Training System Based on Universal Design
No full textThe increasing complexity of manufacturing environments requires effective training systems to prepare the operation personnel for their tasks. Several training systems have been proposed. A common approach is the application of virtual environments to train interactions with an industrial machine in a safe, attractive, and efficient way. However, these training systems cannot adapt to the requirements of an increasingly diversified workforce. This paper introduces an approach for the design of an adaptive virtual training system based on the idea of universal design. The system is based on a two-step approach that consists of an initial adaptation to the user capabilities and real-time adaptations during training based on measurements of the user. The adaptations concern the use of different representations of lessons with different complexity and interaction modalities. The proposed approach provides a flexible training system that can adapt to the needs of a broad group of users
Adaptive virtuelle Trainingssysteme für industrielle Wartungs- und Umrüstprozeduren
No full textTo address the impact of societal transformations, such as demographic change or the shortage of skilled workers, in manufacturing environments, an approach for the adaptation of virtual training systems to the characteristics of the trainee is introduced. Adaptations are defined based on a classification scheme that describes adaptive aspects of training systems, such as the interaction techniques. Adaptations to senior and apprentices were developed and validated in empirical evaluations. Expert interviews and a cost-benefit analysis address the organizational perspective.Um den Auswirkungen gesellschaftlicher Transformationsprozesse, wie zum Beispiel dem demographischen Wandel oder dem Fachkräftemangel, in Fabrikumgebungen zu begegnen, wird ein Ansatz zur Entwicklung adaptiver virtueller Trainingssysteme vorgestellt, um diese an die Eigenschaften der Trainierenden anzupassen. Die Adaptionen werden auf Grundlage eines Klassifikationsschemas zur Beschreibung der anpassbaren Aspekte, zum Beispiel der Interaktionstechniken, beschrieben. Die Adaptionen wurden durch Studien mit Senioren und Auszubildenden validiert
CoShare: a Multi-Pointer Collaborative Screen Sharing Tool
No full textExisting tools for screen sharing and remote control only allow a single user to interact with a system while others are watching. Collaborative editors and whiteboards allow multiple users to work simultaneously, but only offer a limited set of tools. With CoShare, we combine both concepts into a screen sharing tool that gives remote viewers a mouse pointer and a text cursor so that they can seamlessly collaborate within the same desktop environment. We have developed a proof-of-concept implementation that leverages Linux’ multi-pointer support so users can control applications in parallel. It also allows limited sharing of clipboard and dragging files from the remote viewer’s desktop into the video-streamed desktop. In focus groups we gathered user requirements regarding privacy, control, and communication. A qualitative lab study identified further areas for improvement and demonstrated CoShare’s utility
A virtual training system for aging employees in machine operation
No full textThis paper presents a virtual training system for machine operation that is addressing the aging workforce. Targeting the needs and capabilities of aging employees is inevitable to address the ongoing demographic change and remain competitive. The proposed system is composed of a virtual representation of a machine and a control panel on a separate tablet computer. The paper describes the didactic approach, the interaction modalities, and how the system can be adapted to the capabilities of its users. A sample scenario describes the application of the concept in a prototype
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