1,720,967 research outputs found
Odisseo e la nostalgia del divenire
No full textAbstract: Gli studi contemporanei sulla nostalgia sembrano inquadrare il concetto principalmente da un punto di vista temporale, come una passione rivolta verso un passato perduto e irraggiungibile. Tuttavia, alcuni studi psicologici mostrano che gli individui inquadrano il sentimento in maniera composita e non sempre riconducibile a questo quadro (Hepper et al. 2012). Questo è probabilmente dovuto al fatto che la storia della nostalgia nella nostra cultura si nutre di immagini e rappresentazioni ben più radicate e durevoli del concetto stesso introdotto da Hofer nel 1688. Nell’Enciclopedia (Eco 1984) circola infatti un concetto diverso di nostalgia, connesso alla sua rappresentazione omerica (Austin 2010), dove il sentimento unisce al rimpianto per uno spazio altro, il desiderio di agire e una spinta motivazionale. Indagando come il sentimento nostalgico si articola nell’Odissea, si mostrerà come la passione di Odisseo non sia solo relativa ad un luogo, ma ad una temporalità che include la posizione spaziale e attoriale di Odisseo, un desiderio di divenire e di evolversi che Odisseo insegue al di là di ogni promessa di immortalità. Per mostrare come questa nostalgia del divenire si articoli partiremo del quadro di de Chirico il ritorno di Ulisse, e analizzeremo diversi episodi come quello dell’isola di Calipso e dell’incontro finale tra Penelope e l’eroe
La solitudine comunitaria. Alcune riflessioni a partire dagli scritti di Michel Houellebecq.
Get PDFAbstract Questo articolo indaga il concetto di vivere-insieme attraverso gli scritti di uno dei moderni bardi della solitudine: Michel Houellebecq. La discussione si apre esaminando i cambiamenti sociali contemporanei legati alla frammentazione delle comunità e alla riorganizzazione attorno a una solitudine collettiva o di massa. L’articolo argomenta che la letteratura di Houellebecq rappresenta fedelmente questa condizione di solitudine, e tenta di proporne soluzioni letterarie. Si dimostrerà che tali tentativi sono impossibili e continuamente frustrati all'interno delle narrazioni. La vera vittoria sulla solitudine si ottiene attraverso il contatto con il lettore tramite forme di attivismo passivo ed empatia negativa, che modulando il punto di vista del lettore attraverso uno scontro compassionevole con i protagonisti. In conclusione, si mostra come la letteratura di Houellebecq acquisisca uno status sociale capace di riassemblare la solitudine collettiva attraverso la sua condivisione. Nei romanzi di Houellebecq, la solitudine collettiva può trasformarsi in una solitudine comunitaria attraverso ciò che Barthes chiamava idioritmia, la giusta condivisione delle distanze.This article investigates the concept of living together through the writings of one of the modern bard of loneliness: Michel Houellebecq. The article starts presenting the contemporary social changes related to communities’ fragmentation and re-organization around a collective or mass loneliness. It then argues that Houellebecq’s literature navigates this state of loneliness, both by providing its faithful representation and by attempting its literary solutions. It will be shown that such attempts are impossible and continuously frustrated within the narratives. The true victory over loneliness is achieved through contact with the reader via forms of passive activism and negative empathy, which modulate the readers through a compassionate clash with the protagonists. In conclusion, it will be shown how Houellebecq’s literature acquires a social status capable of reassembling collective loneliness by sharing it. The collective loneliness could become in Houellebecq novels a communal solitude through what Barthes called the sharing of distances
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ai confini del senso. La schizofrenia tra semiotica, psicopatologia e scienze cognitive
No full textNel corso della sua storia il concetto di schizofrenia ha assunto infiniti volti, definizioni, trasposizioni. Mondo altro, territorio sconosciuto, oggetto indescrivibile: sono solo alcuni dei termini che ricorrono nella letteratura psichiatrica per descrivere le architetture di senso dei pazienti, spesso pensando di risolverne il mistero relegandolo al dominio dell’irrazionale e dell’incomprensibile.
A partire dalla disciplina che sull’indagine del senso ha fondato la sua intera impresa, la semiotica, Ai confini del senso tenta di entrare nel mondo schizofrenico mostrando come il disturbo possa essere inquadrato attraverso l’idea di una radicale metamorfosi delle modalità di produrre significati, e non come una loro disgregazione. In questo viaggio tra manicomi e isolamenti, forme mostruose, parole inventate, poesie, suoni che divengono immagini e immagini che diventano cose, il libro indaga il senso che è stato sovente ignorato, costruendo margini di comprensibilità nell’incomprensibilità
Atti d’enunciazione e pratiche incarnate: una prospettiva semiotico-cognitiva
Get PDFThis article proposes an investigation into the relationship among the act of enunciation, enunciative praxis, and embodied practices. While these concepts have historically been treated separately, a unified theory of enunciation now integrates them within an impersonal and evenemential framework (Paolucci 2020). Delving into this theory, we will focus on the concept of transpersonality, emphasizing the crucial role that individuals and concrete enunciative practices play in enunciative agencements. To avoid reducing the entire act of enunciation to its mere realization, we will demonstrate how semiolinguistic virtualities and enunciative practices can become embodied in the actors of enunciation precisely through the virtual positions they set up. In fact, creating impersonal positions that target concrete actors (you+not-you), these practices transmit a series of semiotic regularities that are incorporated by agents as habits and rules. Once these rules are acquired, they enable agents to engage in enunciation, using it as a source of aims, and positioning themselves as subjects (I+not-I). In this transition between passivity and activity, between personality and impersonality, between schemas and bodies, fundamental roles will be played by the concepts of pathical enunciation (La Mantia 2020), vulnerability (Basso Fossali 2008), and rule of the game (Wittgenstein 1953) interpreted in an enactivist sense
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