211 research outputs found
Basic Living Expenses for the Canadian Elderly
No full textOur research undertakes to determine the basic living expenses required by Canadian seniors living in different circumstances in terms of age, gender, city of residence, household size, homeowner or renter, means of transportation and health status. The paper develops required expenses for food, shelter, health care, transportation and miscellaneous. The research identifies the typical expenses of seniors in each of these categories. Using 2001 as our base year, we follow the US Elder Standard to build an elderly threshold for Halifax, Montreal, Toronto, Calgary and Vancouver. The research is unique because it is the first Canadian study of absolute basic living expenses tailored to seniors, rather than simply to adults in general. This information is important to seniors, prospective retirees, financial planners, policy makers and actuaries in assessing the minimum level of income required in retirement and the adequacy of savings and income security programs. Our conclusions suggest that individual circumstances, rather than age, are the primary drivers in determining the cost of these basic expenses. Seniors are a diverse group, particularly with respect to health, so it is important that seniors and financial planners do not blindly rely on a fixed replacement ratio or universal level of income when projecting the level of finances needed to retire. This research enables the reader to determine the threshold that is suited to a senior’s general circumstances.Retirement Income Adequacy; Absolute Measure; Elder Standard; Canadian Data
A Multi-molecular Global Study of Dynamics and Structure in the Local Molecular Cloud MBM 40
No full textThe Interstellar Medium (ISM) is structurally and thermodynamically complex, and the variety of governing processes makes the investigation challenging. High-Latitude Molecular Clouds (HLMCs) represent a subclass of the Cold Neutral Medium (CNM), with no evidence of internal star formation and a generally clear line of sight. HLMCs are therefore excellent sites for the study of the chemistry and dynamics of the CNM and helps to characterize and better understand the chemical and dynamical evolution of the Galaxy, the birth of the stars and the formation of molecules in cold gas. Furthermore, HLMCs are the ideal testbeds against which the numerical models can be compared.
In this work we focused on a particular HLMC, MBM 40. We analyzed new and archival molecular data from various radio facilities combined with the archival GALFA-HI data set, to study the chemistry and dynamics (turbulence and coherent flows) of MBM 40. We also used archival space survey data to study the dust-tracing infrared environment of the cloud.
We perform an analysis on MBM 40 using high-fidelity multi-tracer line profiles employing standard statistical tools, such as Probability Distribution Functions (PDFs), and Structure Functions (SFs), and new dynamical method that treats each line profile as a line-of-sight PDF. The transition from atomic to molecular gas is also studied. Lastly, a new topological explanation is proposed for the large velocity gradients and shear flows within the clouds.
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Il Mezzo Interstellare (ISM) è strutturalmente e termodinamicamente complesso, e l'insieme dei processi che lo regolano ne rendono lo studio complesso. Le Nubi Molecolari ad Alta Latitudine (HLMC) sono una sottoclasse dell'ISM neutro freddo (CNM), non presentano formazione stellare interna e hanno una linea di vista generalmente libera. Le HLMC sono quindi eccellenti siti per lo studio della chimica e della dinamica del CNM e permettono di caratterizzare meglio l'evoluzione chimica e dinamica della Galassia, la nascita delle stelle e la formazione di molecole nel gas freddo. Inoltre, le HLMC sono i banchi di prova ideali per testare le simulazioni numeriche.
In questa tesi ci concentriamo su una particolare HLMC, MBM 40. Analizziamo dati molecolari sia nuovi che di archivio, ottenuti da vari radiotelescopi, combinati con il dataset GALFA-HI, per studiare la chimica e la dinamica (turbolenza e flussi coerenti) di MBM 40. Usiamo inoltre immagini di survey spaziali per studiare le polveri della nube. Svolgeremo una analisi su MBM 40 usando profili di riga multimolecolari di alta qualità e metodi statistici standard, come le Funzioni di Distribuzione di Probabilità (PDF) e le Funzioni di Struttura (SF); applicheremo inoltre un nuovo metodo dinamico che tratta ogni profilo di riga come una PDF della linea di vista. Studiamo anche la transizione fra gas atomico e molecolare. Infine, proponiamo una nuovo modello topologico per spiegare i gradienti di velocità e shear osservati
Metabolism and disposition of 3,6-dibutanoylmorphine in rat brain
No full textIn previous studies from this laboratory it was found that dibutanoylmorphine (DBM) was more potent than morphine as an analgesic in rats and that it was less active than acetyl esters of morphine on behaviour. As DBM is a morphine prodrug, the aim of this work was to determine if rat brain homogenates were capable of deacylating DBM and monobutanoylmorphine (MBM) and to determine relative proportions of parent drug to metabolites in the brain in vivo. In 10% (w/v) brain homogenates, DBM was eliminated with a half-life of about 70 min (corrected for dilution), while MBM was eliminated 10 times as quickly. DBM and its metabolites were found in both blood and brain as early as 1 min after i.v. administration of DBM. After 5 min, the predominant form in blood was MBM and in brain it was DBM. Thus, rat brain possesses the capacity to metabolize DBM by deesterification and the parent drug, MBM, and morphine were found in blood and brain in vivo.LR: 20061115; PUBM: Print; JID: 0372712; 0 (6-monobutanoylmorphine); 0 (Morphine Derivatives); 66641-03-0 (3,6-dibutanoylmorphine); ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
Densità e intensità come strumenti di riqualificazione delle periferie residenziali : i complessi abitativi di MBM arcquitectes a Barcellona
No full textNell’ambito della riqualificazione urbana, hanno assunto un ruolo fondamentale le periferie residenziali, che rappresentano per le città una questione da risolvere, ma anche una risorsa attiva per la trasformazione.
Lo studio propone l’idea di investigare gli spazi dell’abitare collettivo attraverso la chiave di lettura dell’interazione tra densità e intensità, considerate strumenti utili di indagine e controllo per la trasformazione e lo sviluppo di una città complessa e vitale. Si prospetta l’ipotesi di andare oltre la misura quantitativa della densità di un ambiente urbano, misurandone anche gli aspetti qualitativi, in funzione di quei caratteri dello spazio che influenzano le relazioni sociali, questi aspetti vengono riassunti e definiti attraverso il concetto di intensità urbana.
Ai fini della qualità urbana e quindi della riqualificazione, si avanza la proposta di agire sull’interazione tra densità e intensità, che è connessa alle caratteristiche dello spazio fisico e alla relazione biunivoca tra spazio e abitanti. La ricerca indaga le implicazioni spaziali dell’interazione tra densità e intensità, al fine di comprendere le caratteristiche dello spazio che favoriscono la vitalità di un ambiente urbano e investiga le possibilità di trasformazione della città, con particolare attenzione rivolta allo spazio collettivo, considerato strumento cardine da analizzare e sul quale intervenire per restituire qualità agli spazi dell’abitare.
La ricerca empirica si è focalizzata sui complessi abitativi realizzati dallo studio MBM Arquitectes a Barcellona, che ha incentrato la sua opera teorica e pratica sulla ricerca della qualità urbana, della definizione e ridefinizione della città e sul tema della residenza, considerata elemento generatore di urbanità. Il lavoro dello studio MBM rappresenta uno strumento per la dimostrazione delle premesse della tesi.
Questo studio mette in luce gli elementi che contribuiscono a definire l’interazione tra densità e intensità e partecipano a produrre la qualità urbana. Con la consapevolezza della impossibilità di definire soluzioni tipizzate per generare tale interazione, la ricerca definisce e propone strumenti progettuali di supporto per la riqualificazione delle periferie residenziali, che contribuiscono a dare informazioni riguardo elementi su cui agire e modalità di intervento
Riqualificazione della Darsena di Milano
No full textIl progetto ha rappresentato l’occasione per la costruzione di un
sistema di relazioni basato innanzitutto sul recupero urbanistico della Darsena e degli spazi collettivi ad essa collegati valorizzando le “connessioni” e le “interdipendenze” interne all’area di progetto e con le diverse parti della città, ricomprendendo tutti gli aspetti tra loro
interrelati che contengono le memorie del passato, le problematiche poste dal tema di gara e la proiezione fiduciosa verso un futuro riqualificato e valorizzato. Ripristinare lo spazio pubblico ha rappresentato il modo efficace per fornire un forte tono ambientale a tutto un quartiere, caricandolo di nuove valenze rappresentative e simboliche: un progetto quindi funzionale e rappresentativo, volto
al recupero di una coscienza sociale e urbana
Health-related quality of life in patients with melanoma brain metastases treated with immunotherapy.
No full textAims: To describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of melanoma brain metastasis (MBM) patients throughout the first 18 weeks of ipilimumab-nivolumab or nivolumab treatment. Materials & methods: HRQoL data (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer's Core Quality of Life Questionnaire, additional Brain Neoplasm Module, and EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level Questionnaire) were collected as a secondary outcome of the Anti-PD1 Brain Collaboration phase II trial. Mixed linear modeling assessed changes over time, whereas the Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine median time to first deterioration. Results: Asymptomatic MBM patients treated with ipilimumab-nivolumab (n = 33) or nivolumab (n = 24) maintained baseline HRQoL. MBM patients with symptoms or leptomeningeal/progressive disease treated with nivolumab (n = 14) reported a statistically significant trend toward improvement. Conclusion: MBM patients treated with either ipilimumab-nivolumab or nivolumab did not report a significant deterioration in HRQoL within 18 weeks of treatment initiation. Clinical trial registration: NCT02374242 (ClinicalTrials.gov).Jake R Thompson, Julia Lai-Kwon, Rachael L Morton, Alexander D Guminski, Maria Gonzalez, Victoria Atkinson, Shahneen Sandhu, Michael P Brown, Alexander M Menzies, Grant A McArthur, Serigne N Lo, Georgina V Long, Iris Bartul
Effect of processing methods and raw material sources on protein quality of animal protein meals
No full textExperiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of processing systems/temperature and raw material source on protein quality of five feather meals (FM), 32 meat and bone meals (MBM) and 12 poultry by-product meals (PBPM) using digestibility and chick growth assays. True digestibility of amino acids (AA) was influenced by raw material source and type of processing system. In addition, increasing the temperature during processing generally decreased protein quality of MBM and PBPM.Several experiments were conducted to determine the order of AA limitation in MBM and PBPM using AA addition and deletion assays. The results indicated that AA limitation order in MBM protein was (1) Trp and Cys, (2) Thr, (3) Ile and Phe + Tyr, (4) Met, (5) Lys, and (6) Val and His, and AA limitation order in PBPM was (1) Cys, (2) Trp, (3) Thr and Lys, (4) Val and (5) Ile and His. The results of the AA deletion and addition assays were in general agreement although an AA deletion assay based on ideal protein was more effective than the addition assay.Three chick growth assays were conducted to determine if the digestible Lys, Met and total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) in high and low quality MBM assessed using the precision-fed cecectomized rooster assay were completely bioavailable for protein synthesis in chicks. Multiple regression slope-ratio analysis of chick growth assays indicated that almost all of the digestible Lys and Met in MBM are bioavailable for protein synthesis but suggested that some of the digestible TSAA, probably Cys, may not be bioavailable.The last study evaluated formulation of diets containing high or low-quality MBM on a total AA basis versus a digestible or bioavailable AA basis. Growth performance of chicks fed MBM diets formulated on a total AA basis was inferior to performance of chicks fed MBM or corn-soybean meal diets formulated on a digestible or bioavailable AA basis. These results indicated that formulation of diets containing MBM on a digestible or bioavailable AA basis is superior to formulation on a total AA basis.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:12:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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El conjunto residencial: Santa Águeda. Benicàssim, Castellón. 1964-1975. MBM arquitectos
No full text[EN] The Santa Agueda apartments ensemble is an ambitious touristic project
developed in Benicàssim, Castellón, by the MBM studio (Josep
Maria Martorell, Oriol Bohigas y David Mackay). Attending to its characteristics,
the building can be considered an example of Catalan
architecture development before the stylistic spread generated in the
seventies with the "neo-avant-gardes" emergence. Features of English
brutalism, Roman neorealism or Milanese neoliberty, can also be recognized
in the building, artistic movements which Oriol Bohigas included in
his writings under the category realism, so he could establish a relation
with other artistic and literary movements of the early seventies.
The project comes up with an order related with the well-regarded
art critic Tomàs Llorens. The aim was to search a new urban aggregation
form suitable for touristic housing, which made a difference from
common touristic architecture developed in the sixties. For that reason,
the architects took popular architecture as a reference, trying to recover
its "psychological habitability", emphasizing common spaces and
people traffic areas as places for cohabitation. The attachment of the
different individual units attempts to form an image which remains the
random and spontaneous aggregation form of popular architecture.
Other traditional elements are also used, so inhabitants can recognize
them, although the result is far from being the folkloric and superficial
reproduction which would become generalized in touristic architecture
throughout seventies.
The whole ensemble was not built entirely, so many of the aims related
to common space were not achieved, and the realized parts tend to
be little picturesque. However, the complex keeps on being a critical
model in front of the uninspiring touristic construction in the Mediterranean
coast.[ES] El conjunto de apartamentos Santa Águeda es un ambicioso proyecto
turístico desarrollado en Benicàssim, Castellón, por el estudio MBM (Josep
Maria Martorell, Oriol Bohigas y David Mackay). Por sus características,
puede considerarse como ejemplo de la evolución de la arquitectura
catalana antes de la dispersión estilística que se produjo en los años setenta
con la irrupción de las "neovanguardias". También pueden reconocerse
en él rasgos del brutalismo inglés, del neorealismo romano o del
neoliberty milanés, movimientos que Oriol Bohigas englobó en sus escritos
de la época bajo el título de realismo, de manera que se estableciera un
paralelismo con los movimientos artísticos y literarios de principios de los
sesenta.
El proyecto parte de un encargo relacionado con el prestigioso crítico
de arte Tomàs Llorens. Se busca una nueva forma de agregación urbana
destinada a la vivienda turística, distinta de la arquitectura turística habitual
en los años sesenta. Para ello se tomó como referencia la arquitectura
popular en un intento de recuperar su "habitabilidad psicológica",
poniendo el énfasis en los espacios comunes y en las zonas de circulación
como lugar de convivencia entre los habitantes. El mecanismo de
agregación de las distintas células individuales intenta que la imagen del
conjunto remita a la forma de agregación aleatoria y espontanea de los
conjuntos populares. También se recurre a algunos elementos tradicionales
claramente identificables por los usuarios, pero aun así el resultado se
aleja de la reproducción folklórica y superficial que acabaría generalizándose
en la arquitectura turística de los setenta.
El conjunto no fue realizado en su totalidad, por lo que gran parte de sus
intenciones programáticas respecto al uso del espacio comunitario no se
cumplieron, y la parte realizada peca de un cierto pintoresquismo, pero
mantiene plenamente su validez como modelo crítico frente a la mayoría
de la anodina construcción turística realizada en la costa mediterránea.[CA] El conjunt d'apartaments Santa Àgueda és un ambiciós projecte turístic
desenvolupat a Benicàssim, Castelló, per l'estudi MBM (Josep Maria
Martorell, Oriol Bohigas i David Mackay). Per les seves característiques,
es pot considerar com a exemple de l'evolució de l'arquitectura catalana
abans de la dispersió estilística que es va produir als anys setanta
amb la irrupció de les "neoavanguardes". També es pot rastrejar en ell
recognoscibles trets del brutalisme anglès, del neorealisme romà o del
neoliberty milanès, moviments que Oriol Bohigas va englobar en els
seus escrits de l'època sota el títol de realisme. D'aquesta forma s'establia
un paral·lelisme amb els moviments artístics i literaris de principis
dels seixanta.
El projecte parteix d'un encàrrec relacionat amb el prestigiós crític
d'art Tomàs Llorens. Es busca una nova forma d'agregació urbana
destinada a la vivenda turística, diferent de l'arquitectura turística
habitual dels anys seixanta. Per a això, es prenia com a referència
l'arquitectura popular en un intent de recuperar la seua "habitabilitat
psicològica", posant èmfasi en els espais comuns i en les zones de circulació
com a lloc de convivència entre els habitants. El mecanisme
d'agregació de les diferents cèl·lules individuals intenta que la imatge
del conjunt faça referència a la forma d'agregació espontània dels
conjunts populars. També es recorre a alguns elements tradicionals
clarament identificables pels usuaris, però encara així, el resultat s'allunya
de la reproducció folklòrica i superficial que acabaria generalitzant-
se en l'arquitectura turística dels seixanta.
El conjunt no va ser realitzat en la seua totalitat, pel que gran part de
les seues intencions programàtiques respecte a l'ús de l'espai comunitari
no es van complir, i la part realitzada peca d'un cert pintoresquisme,
però manté plenament la seua validesa com a model crític front
a la majoria de l'anodina construcció turística realitzada en la costa
mediterrània.Sanahuja Rochera, J. (2016). El conjunto residencial: Santa Águeda. Benicàssim, Castellón. 1964-1975. MBM arquitectos [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/60152TESI
An Embedded Wireless Sensor Network with Wireless Power Transmission Capability for the Structural Health Monitoring of Reinforced Concrete Structures
No full textMaintenance strategies based on structural health monitoring can provide effective support in the optimization of scheduled repair of existing structures, thus enabling their lifetime to be extended. With specific regard to reinforced concrete (RC) structures, the state of the art seems to still be lacking an efficient and cost-effective technique capable of monitoring material properties continuously over the lifetime of a structure. Current solutions can typically only measure the required mechanical variables in an indirect, but economic, manner, or directly, but expensively. Moreover, most of the proposed solutions can only be implemented by means of manual activation, making the monitoring very inefficient and then poorly supported. This paper proposes a structural health monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network (WSN) that enables the automatic monitoring of a complete structure. The network includes wireless distributed sensors embedded in the structure itself, and follows the monitoring-based maintenance (MBM) approach, with its ABCDE paradigm, namely: accuracy, benefit, compactness, durability, and easiness of operations. The system is structured in a node level and has a network architecture that enables all the node data to converge in a central unit. Human control is completely unnecessary until the periodic evaluation of the collected data. Several tests are conducted in order to characterize the system from a metrological point of view and assess its performance and effectiveness in real RC conditions
The BSE Risk of Processing Meat and Bone Meal in Nonruminant Feed: A Quantitative Assessment for the Netherlands
No full textThe total ban on use of meat and bone meal (MBM) in livestock feed has been very successful in reducing bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) spread, but also implies a waste of high-quality proteins resulting in economic and ecological loss. Now that the BSE epidemic is fading out, a partial lifting of the MBM ban might be considered. The objective of this study was to assess the BSE risk for the Netherlands if MBM derived from animals fit for human consumption, i.e., category 3 MBM, would be used in nonruminant feed. A stochastic simulation model was constructed that calculates (1) the probability that infectivity of undetected BSE-infected cows ends up with calves and (2) the quantity of infectivity (Qinf) consumed by calves in case of such an incident. Three pathways were considered via which infectivity can reach cattle: (1) cross-contamination in the feed mill, (2) cross-contamination on the primary farm, and (3) pasture contamination. Model calculations indicate that the overall probability that infectivity ends up with calves is 3.2%. In most such incidents the Qinf is extremely small (median = 6.5 × 10¿12 ID50; mean = 1.8 × 10¿4 ID50), corresponding to an average probability of 1.3 × 10¿4 that an incident results in ¿1 new BSE infections. Cross-contamination in the feed mill is the most risky pathway. Combining model results with Dutch BSE prevalence estimates for the coming years, it can be concluded that the BSE risk of using category 3 MBM derived from Dutch cattle in nonruminant feed is very lo
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