1,721,628 research outputs found
Comparing national environmental and economic performances through emergy sustainability indicators: Moving environmental ethics beyond anthropocentrism toward ecocentrism
No full textMany sustainable indicators have been developed to assess performances of systems at all scales. However, a careful testing is needed to determine if these indicators are actually coherent with the study assumptions and real case sustainability. Firstly, we reviewed the evolutionary history of the sustainable indicators in both socio-economic and thermodynamic perspectives. Then we analyzed the contribution of several key indicators to the sustainable performance of nations with a critical eye. Results show that: 1) EmSI (Emergy Sustainability Index) is negatively correlated with EF-BC (Total Ecological Footprint-Total Biocapacity); 2) A country with a good economy in terms of monetary indicators tends to have a low EmSI as well as a relatively high EF (Ecological Footprint); 3) A country with a relatively high R% (indigenous renewable fraction of emergy use) would possibly have relatively low HDI (Human Development Index), GSI (Genuine Savings Index), and EF. After analyzing the essence of these indicators, we concluded that clearly the use of nonrenewable resources (minerals, fossil energy, topsoil, forestry and fishery extraction) speeds up the wealth and welfare of a country and, at the present rates of withdrawal, undermines its long-term sustainability. Priority focus should be given to preservation of natural environment rather than resource appropriation by a minority of the human being. Indicators capable to highlight such aspects should be developed and used in policy. The apparent inconsistency of EmSI with other indicators stems from their different environmental ethics, placed on ecocentrism rather than anthropocentrism
FIGURES 56–57. 56 in The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille)
No full textFIGURES 56–57. 56. Map showing the distribution of B. schrencki in North China with records as black spots, the province boundaries in dark grey, and all sites with records of all bumblebee species in light grey. 57. B. schrencki male visting Serratula coronata (Asteraceae) in Neimenggu (PW).Published as part of An, Jiandong, Huang, Jiaxing, Shao, Youquan, Zhang, Shiwen, Wang, Biao, Liu, Xinyu, Wu, Jie & Williams, Paul H., 2014, The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille), pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 3830 (1) on page 40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3830.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28656
Developing an Optical Microlever for Stable and Unsupported Force Amplification
No full textOptical micromachines have the potential to improve the capabilities of optical tweezers by amplifying forces and allowing for indirect handling and probing of specimens. However, systematic design and testing of micromachine performance is still an emerging field. In this work we have designed and tested an unsupported microlever, suitable for general-purpose optical tweezer studies, that demonstrates stable trapping performance and repeatable doubling of applied forces. Stable trapping was ensured by analysing images to monitor focus shift when levers oscillated repeatedly, before the best-performing design was selected for force amplification. This study also shows that direct measurement of trap stiffness using the equipartition theorem appears to be a valid method for measuring applied forces on the spherical handles of microlevers.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Team Carlas SmithMicro and Nano Engineerin
Bombus (Psithyrus) sylvestris Lepeletier
No full text48. Bombus (Psithyrus) sylvestris (Lepeletier) (Figs 98, 99) Psithyrus Sylvestris Lepeletier, 1832: 377. Material examined. 5 males (IAB). Distribution in North China. Rare at medium elevations of the Wutaishan forest park of the Taihangshan mountains in Shanxi. 1 locality (Fig. 98) at 1490 m (IAB). Distribution in China. Shanxi, Jilin (IAB). Forage plants. DIPSACACEAE: Scabiosa comosa.Published as part of An, Jiandong, Huang, Jiaxing, Shao, Youquan, Zhang, Shiwen, Wang, Biao, Liu, Xinyu, Wu, Jie & Williams, Paul H., 2014, The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille), pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 3830 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3830.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28656
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
FIGURES 46–47. 46 in The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille)
No full textFIGURES 46–47. 46. Map showing the distribution of B. anachoreta in North China with records as black spots, the province boundaries in dark grey, and all sites with records of all bumblebee species in light grey. 47. B. anachoreta worker from Neimenggu.Published as part of An, Jiandong, Huang, Jiaxing, Shao, Youquan, Zhang, Shiwen, Wang, Biao, Liu, Xinyu, Wu, Jie & Williams, Paul H., 2014, The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille), pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 3830 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3830.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28656
FIGURES 10–11. 10 in The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille)
No full textFIGURES 10–11. 10. Map showing the distribution of B. melanurus in North China with records as black spots, the province boundaries in dark grey, and all sites with records of all bumblebee species in light grey. 11. B. melanurus worker visiting Astragalus adsurgens (Fabaceae) in Gansu.Published as part of An, Jiandong, Huang, Jiaxing, Shao, Youquan, Zhang, Shiwen, Wang, Biao, Liu, Xinyu, Wu, Jie & Williams, Paul H., 2014, The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille), pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 3830 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3830.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28656
Bombus (Psithyrus) expolitus Tkalcu
No full text38. Bombus (Psithyrus) expolitus (Tkalců) (Figs 78, 79) Psithyrus (Eopsithyrus) expolitus Tkalců, 1989: 44. Material examined. 3 females (IAB). Distribution in North China. Rare at high elevations of the Zhagana nature reserve of the east Qinghai- Tibetan plateau. 1 locality (Fig. 78) at 3524 m (IAB). Distribution in China. Xizang, Gansu, Qinghai (IAB). Forage plants. ASTERACEAE: Carduus acanthoides.Published as part of An, Jiandong, Huang, Jiaxing, Shao, Youquan, Zhang, Shiwen, Wang, Biao, Liu, Xinyu, Wu, Jie & Williams, Paul H., 2014, The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille), pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 3830 (1) on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3830.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28656
FIGURES 128–129. 128 in The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille)
No full textFIGURES 128–129. 128. Map showing the distribution of B. minshanensis in North China with records as black spots, the province boundaries in dark grey, and all sites with records of all bumblebee species in light grey. 129. B. minshanensis worker visiting Cirsium japonicum (Asteraceae) in Gansu.Published as part of An, Jiandong, Huang, Jiaxing, Shao, Youquan, Zhang, Shiwen, Wang, Biao, Liu, Xinyu, Wu, Jie & Williams, Paul H., 2014, The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille), pp. 1-89 in Zootaxa 3830 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3830.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28656
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