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Designing and Exploring the Mechanical Advantage of an Endoscopic Gripping Device
Get PDFPhysicians who perform colonoscopies are at great risk for developing Repetitive Stress Injuries (RSIs) due to the repetitive stress. Currently there is little literature in Ergonomic in colonosocpies and nearly none in ergonomic devices. Our group created a device called the ”EndoGrip” as a small device intended to assist physicians in manipulating the shaft and tip of the endoscope. This device went through several iterations of design and feedback and resulted in a prototype with two features increasing mechanical advantage. These features are the interior grip angle and exterior grip diameter. To prove the efficacy of the features, mechanical tests were performed. These resulted in a 45% increase in the gripping frictional force and nearly 200% increase in torquing force. Next, EMG studies were performed with the grip on a mock endoscope. These studies were done using the ACGIH’s TLV standard. These studies confirmed both the effects of the mechanical advantage of both the interior grip angle and outer grip diameter. However further studies with more subjects and prototypes with a higher coefficient of friction are necessary
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Ergonomic Evaluation of a Novel Endoscope Grip Adaptor Using Surface Electromyography
Get PDFGastroenterologists suffer from high incidence rates (37% - 89%) of work-related musculoskeletal injuries due to the rigorous and repetitive nature of performing endoscopy procedures. We designed and evaluated the efficacy of a novel endoscope grip adaptor (EndoGrip) in improving the ergonomics of endoscopy by using surface electromyography to assess the change in muscle fatigue and risk of injury as 7 subjects performed simulated endoscopy with the barehand, a competitor grip device, and the EndoGrip. Using the EndoGrip significantly reduced the mean fatigue in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and flexor carpi radialis (FCR) muscles when compared to those of the barehand trials for most male subjects, with an average reduction of 11.7 % MVC and 17.3 % MVC, respectively. As for the female subjects, using the EndoGrip resulted in a significant increase in the mean fatigue for the FDI with an average increase of 37.7 % MVC and no change in the mean fatigue for the FCR. Both groups displayed an upward trend in the mean fatigue of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), with an average increase of 16.6 % MVC for the male subjects and 44.4 % MVC for the female subjects. These identified trends resulting from the comparison of the barehand, competitor grip, and EndoGrip trials offered insight into the mechanisms under which the EndoGrip impacts the ergonomics of endoscopy as well as how the EndoGrip compares to a commercially available product
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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