877 research outputs found
tibetanword segmentation as syllable tagging using conditional random field
No full textIn this paper, we proposed a novel approach for Tibetan word segmentation using the conditional random field. We reformulate the segmentation as a syllable tagging problem. The approach labels each syllable with a word-internal position tag, and combines syllable(s) into words according to their tags. As there is no public available Tibetan word segmentation corpus, the training corpus is generated by another segmenter which has an F-score of 96.94% on the test set. Two feature template sets namely TMPT-6 and TMPT-10 are used and compared, and the result shows that the former is better. Experiments also show that larger training set improves the performance significantly. Trained on a set of 131,903 sentences, the segmenter achieves an F-score of 95.12% on the test set of 1,000 sentences. © 2011 by Huidan Liu, Minghua Nuo, Longlong Ma, Jian Wu, and Yeping He.In this paper, we proposed a novel approach for Tibetan word segmentation using the conditional random field. We reformulate the segmentation as a syllable tagging problem. The approach labels each syllable with a word-internal position tag, and combines syllable(s) into words according to their tags. As there is no public available Tibetan word segmentation corpus, the training corpus is generated by another segmenter which has an F-score of 96.94% on the test set. Two feature template sets namely TMPT-6 and TMPT-10 are used and compared, and the result shows that the former is better. Experiments also show that larger training set improves the performance significantly. Trained on a set of 131,903 sentences, the segmenter achieves an F-score of 95.12% on the test set of 1,000 sentences. © 2011 by Huidan Liu, Minghua Nuo, Longlong Ma, Jian Wu, and Yeping He
Elimaea (Poaefoliana) upcurva Liu
No full textElimaea (Poaefoliana) upcurva Liu C-X, sp. nov. (Plate 5 e–i, 6 f–i) Holotype: male, China: Yunnan Prov.: Xishuangbanna, Mengla, 620–650m, 1959. VI. 10, Coll. Zhang Yiran, Li Xiaofu (IZAS). Paratype: 1 male, 3 females, same data as in holotype (IZAS); 1 male, China: Yunnan Prov.: Xishuangbanna, Yunjinghong, 650m, 1958. VII. 4, Coll. Li Fulong (IZAS); 1 male (No. 14010944), China: Yunnan Prov., Xishuangbanna, bubang, 700m, 1993. IX. 14,Coll. Yang Longlong (MSIE). Description: Holotype (male). Tegmen distinctly surpassing apex of hind femur; hind wings distinctly longer than tegmen; radius sector branching in basal 1 / 3 part of tegmen, and emitting out 3 branches near apex. Fore coxae unarmed. Fore femur with 7 interior ventral spines; mid femur with 12 exterior ventral spines; hind femur without ventral spines. Genicular lobes of each femur bispinose. Fore tibiae with 3 exterior dorsal spines in distal half as well as 1 exterior dorsal spine over tympana; mid tibiae with 15 interior dorsal spines; hind tibiae with 35 interior and exterior large dorsal spines. Tenth abdominal tergum slightly produced, with truncated apical margin (plate 5g, 6g); epiproct long triangular, with subobtuse apex. Cerci obliquely extending backwards, approximately columned, distal half gradually upcurved, with apex abruptly acuminated into a long upright spine (Plate 5 h, 6g). Subgenital plate with widest base, gradually narrowed until middle, distal half with approximately parallel lateral margin, split from basal 1 / 5 part into two lateral lobes (Plate 5 i, 6 i). Female. Epiproct triangular, slightly longer than wide, with subobtuse apex. Cerci conical, slightly upcurved in distal half. Ovipositor falcate, gradually upcurved, dorsal margin crenulated, and ventral margin finely crenulated near apex. Subgenital plate trapeziform, with base widest, each lateral corner of apical margin with a long sharp triangular projection. Gonangulum of ovipositor with round ventro-apical appendage pointing apicad. Color: Slightly dark green. Compound eyes dark brown. Head, antennae, legs, and abdomen densely covered with brown dots. Center of each cell between R and posterior margin with aggregation of a few brown dots. Apex of cerci brown. Measurement (mm): length of body: male 19.0–21.0, female 23.0; length of pronotum: male 5.0– 5.5, female 4.8–5.2; length of tegmen: male 30.0–32.0, female 36.2 –38.0; largest width of male stridulatory area 1.5; length of male stridulatory vein 1.0; largest width of dorsal area behind male stridulatory area 0.5; width of tegmen: male 4.0, female 5.0; length of hind wing: male 39.0, female 42.0–43.0; length of fore femur: male 9.0–10.0, female 11.0; length of mid femur: male 10.5, female 13.5; length of hind femur: male 24.0, female 26.0–27.0; length of cerci: male 3.5, female 2.5; length of subgenital plate: male 5.5, female 1.0; length of ovipositor 8.0–9.0. Etymology: The name indicates that apical spine of the male cercus of this new species is strongly upcurved. Discussion: This new species should belong to the subgenus Poaefoliana recently established by Ingrisch (2011), for its tegmen, which is narrower than pronotum. In lateral or ventral view, E. upcurva sp. nov. resembles E. (Rhaebelimaea) recta Gorochov, 2009 in the male subgenital plate, but distinctly differs by the shape of lateral lobes of the plate, and shape of the male cerci. Distribution: China: Yunnan Prov. Subgeus Rectielimaea Liu C-X, subgen. nov. Type species: Elimaea (Rectielimaea) percauda Liu C-X & Liu X-W, sp. nov.. Here designate. Diagnosis: Upper part of fore coxae without any spine. Rs branching distinct before middle of tegmen. Male with straight proximal part of MP+CuIP vein in tegminal dorsal part. Male subgenital plate divided into 2 almost immovable (in relation to each other) hind lobes by median notch, which is not reaching middle part of this plate. Male phallus with a long log-like sclerite horizontally produced outwards. Included species: Type species.Published as part of Liu, Chun-Xiang & Liu, Xian-Wei, 2011, Elimaea Stål (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae) and its relative from China, with description of twenty-three new species, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 3020 on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27867
Atlanticus (Atlanticus) hefengensis Liu 2013, sp. n.
No full textAtlanticus (Atlanticus) hefengensis Liu sp. n. (Fig. 7J; Table 1) Holotype. Female [IOZ(E)1340051], China: Hubei Prov., Shennongjia, Hefeng, Fenshuiling, 1400m, 1989.VIII.1, Coll. Yang Longlong. Diagnosis. Ovipositor moderately robust (1.2mm wide in middle) compared with other species in the subgenus, with apical one-third slightly recurved. Hind femur twice the length of the pronotum. Description. Holotype. Female. Medium-sized compared to the congeners in the subgenus Atlanticus. Disc of prozona slightly convex, and metazona slightly slanting from middle line to lateral carinae. Pronotum narrowest in proximal quarter, and then gradually ampliate caudad. Lateral lobes of pronotum slightly longer than deep, deepest before middle; anterior margin very slightly concave, posterior margin oblique with a distinct central concavity, ventral margin slanting caudad to posterior angle. Tegmen not produced dorsally. Fore femur with 3 ventral interior spines. Middle femur with 2 ventral exterior spines. Apical half of hind femur with 2–4 exterior and 2 interior spines on ventral margins. Fore tibia with 0–1 dorsal exterior spine and 6 ventral spines on both margins. Middle tibia with 3 dorsal interior spines and 6 ventral spines on both margins. Hind tibia with 18 dorsal spines on both margins. Ovipositor twice the length of pronotum, with slightly recurved apical one-third (about 10º angle). Proximal one-third of ovipositor narrowed from base, remainder of equal width, with upper margin slightly obliquely truncate at apex. Subgenital plate distinctly transverse, distal margin emarginate in one-third, forming two obtuse triangular lobes. Coloration. Generally brown. The following parts are shining blackish brown: outer surface of two basal antennal joints; fastigium frontis; lateral surfaces of fastigium verticis; postocular fascia. The following parts are shining dark brown: upper portion of pleurae, small region above humeral notch of lateral lobes of pronotum; a middle line separating upper portion from lower portion of hind femora; dorsal surface of hind femur. Numerous spots on fore and middle legs dark brown. Ventral spines of hind femur black. Abdominal tergite dark brown. Male unknown. Notes. This new species differs from other Chinese congeners in the subgenus Atlanticus by length of hind femur, length and shape of female ovipositor. I temporarily put into the Kulingensis Group but its true placement can not be determined until its male has been discovered. Etymology. The new species is named for the type locality. Distribution. China (Hubei).Published as part of Liu, Chun-Xiang, 2013, Review of Atlanticus Scudder, 1894 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae) from China, with description of 27 new species, pp. 1-42 in Zootaxa 3647 (1) on pages 13-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3647.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/526426
Deciphering the complexity of psoriasis : non-coding RNAs and cellular interactions
No full textPsoriasis is a prevalent immune-mediated skin disorder marked by chronically relapsing inflammation and epidermal hyperproliferation. As researchers delve deeper into the molecular intricacies of psoriasis, emerging evidence hints at the roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Among these, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are of particular interest. While lncRNAs have regulatory capabilities that are yet to be fully mapped in psoriasis, miRNAs are established as crucial regulators of gene expression, especially in immune responses and inflammation. They are believed to modulate cellular function and inflammatory circuits in psoriasis as well as bridge the communication between infiltrating immune cells and keratinocytes. Although the chronic skin inflammation in psoriasis arises from an intricate interplay between immune cells and keratinocytes, the specific cell subsets involved and the extent of their cellular interactions in the psoriatic epidermis remain to be fully delineated. Together, the potential roles of ncRNAs (paper I-III) and the delicate cell-to-cell interactions (Paper IV) in the psoriatic epidermis emerge as central themes in psoriasis studies.Paper I: In this study, we spotlight LINC00958, a lncRNA notably elevated in psoriasis keratinocytes, as revealed through our transcriptomic analysis comparing psoriatic and healthy skin samples. Validations using RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization affirmed its heightened expression. Subcellular localization studies found LINC00958 predominantly in the keratinocyte cytoplasm. Interestingly, the psoriasis-associated cytokine, IL-17A, upregulates LINC00958 through the C/EBP-β and p38 pathways. When LINC00958 was inhibited, there was a marked decline in keratinocyte proliferation, corroborated by multiple assays including EdU incorporation and IncuCyte. Our transcriptomic insights from LINC00958-depleted keratinocytes underscored a set of dysregulated genes enriched to proliferation and cell cycle. Notably, LINC00958 inhibition moderated both inherent and IL-17A-stimulated p38 phosphorylation, effectively tempering IL-17A-driven keratinocyte growth. Collectively, our findings position LINC00958 as a critical lncRNA accentuating the IL-17A-fueled hyperproliferation in psoriasis.Paper II: In this study, we unveil a miRNA-mediated mechanism in psoriasis, wherein sensitizes keratinocytes to inflammatory triggers. IFN-γ treatment leads to rapid and sustained reduction in miR-149 levels in keratinocytes. This reduction in miR-149 results in extensive transcriptomic alterations and the upregulation of inflammatory markers, including IL-6, accompanied by an enhancement of the TWEAK pathway. We've also found that miR-149 directly targets the TWEAK receptor (TWEAKR), a novel discovery with clinical relevance highlighted by reduced miR-149 expression in psoriasis keratinocytes and the positive effects of synthetic miR-149 in a psoriasis mouse model induced by imiquimod (IMQ). These findings elucidate a novel mechanism by which IFN-γ sensitizes keratinocytes for TWEAK/TWEAKR-triggered inflammation by downregulating miR-149.Paper III: To further elucidate the role of miR-149 in keratinocyte immune responses and skin homeostasis, we generated knockout mice with epidermisspecific deletion of miR-149 (Mir149EKO). Despite the genetic alteration, Mir149EKO mice presented normal skin phenotype unless provoked by inflammation. Intriguingly, Mir149EKO-derived keratinocytes displayed increased Tweakr expression and a stronger response to Tweak stimulation. Using IMQ to simulate psoriasis conditions, Mir149EKO mice manifested pronounced inflammation, observed through skin thickening, increased immune cells infiltration, and heightened psoriasis-associated inflammatory mediators. Genetic profiling further highlighted the escalated inflammation-associated genes in Mir149EKO skin after IMQ treatment. A similar exacerbated inflammatory response was observed upon IL-23 injection. Notably, neutralizing the effect of Tweak mitigated this amplified inflammation upon miR-149 deletion. Conclusively, miR-149 seems pivotal in moderating skin inflammation, with its absence potentially exacerbating Tweak/Tweakr-driven inflammatory conditions in psoriasis.Paper IV: In this study, we aimed to map cellular interactions in healthy and psoriatic epidermis. Using skin biopsies from healthy individuals and untreated psoriasis patients, we performed a partial dissociation of epidermal cells to preserve inherent cell-cell interactions. Subsequently, we categorized cells based on the presence of CD45 and analyzed them using single-cell RNA sequencing. Our results uncovered three distinct keratinocyte states with specific activation patterns and a dominant IFN-α signature. We also identified seven immune cell populations, including tissue-resident memory cells, increased to the psoriatic epidermis. Notably, we pinpointed and verified an exclusive population of pDCs in the psoriatic epidermis, emphasizing their potential role in the disease. Additionally, our analyses highlighted an amplified interaction between skin cells and immune components in psoriasis. Overall, our study offers profound insights into the psoriatic epidermal landscape, emphasizing the critical roles of activated pDCs and intensified cell interactions in the disease's progression.List of scientific papersI. The Long Noncoding RNA LINC00958 Is Induced in Psoriasis Epidermis and Modulates Epidermal Proliferation. Longlong Luo, Lorenzo Pasquali, Ankit Srivastava, Jan Cedric Freisenhausen, Andor Pivarcsi, Enikö Sonkoly. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2023 Jan 11; 143(6), 999-1010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2022.12.011 II. Cross-talk between IFN-γ and TWEAK through miR-149 amplifies skin inflammation in psoriasis. Ankit Srivastava, Longlong Luo, Warangkana Lohcharoenkal, Florian Meisgen, Lorenzo Pasquali, Andor Pivarcsi, and Enikö Sonkoly. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2021 March 8;147(6):2225- 2235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2020.12.657 III. Epidermis-specific deletion of miR-149 exacerbates psoriasis-like skin inflammation. Longlong Luo, Nupur Khera, Roxane Prieux, Evelyn Kelemen, Piyal Saha, Menil Dholakia, Milena Petkova, Taija Mäkinen, Ankit Srivastava, Andor Pivarcsi, Enikö Sonkoly. [Manuscript]IV. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the psoriasis epidermis identifies a rare population of infiltrating plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Longlong Luo*, Huaitao Cheng*, Zhuang Liu, Pawel Olszewski, Lorenzo Pasquali, Martin Enge, Andor Pivarcsi, Enikö Sonkoly. *Authors contributed equally. [Manuscript]</p
A review of thermal-chemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass in China
No full text
Biomass, a renewable, sustainable and carbon dioxide neutral resource, has received widespread attention in the energy market as an alternative to fossil fuels. Thermal-chemical conversion of biomass to produce biofuels is a promising technology with many commercial applications. This paper reviewed the state-of-the-art research and development of thermal-chemical conversion of biomass in China with a special focus on gasification, pyrolysis, and catalytic transformation technologies. The advantages and disadvantages, potential of future applications, and challenges related to these technologies are discussed. Conclusively, these transformation technologies for the second-generation biofuels with using non-edible lignocellulosic biomass as feedstocks show prosperous perspective for commercial applications in near future. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p
Elevated CO2 negates O3 impacts on terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycles
No full textThe dataset for the research article titled ' Elevated CO2 negates O3 impacts on terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycles', authored by Drs. Longlong Xia, Shu Kee Lam, Ralf Kiese, Deli Chen, Yiqi Luo, Kees Jan van Groenigen, Elizabeth A. Ainsworth, Ji Chen, Shuwei Liu, Lei Ma, Yuhao Zhu and Klaus Butterbach-BahlTHIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV
Electric-field-induced structure and domain texture evolution in PbZrO3-based antiferroelectric by in-situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction
No full textAntiferroelectrics (AFEs) have a great potential for modern electronic devices by virtue of the large strain during the antiferroelectric-to-ferroelectric (AFE-FE) phase transition under external electric fields. Although the fascinating macroscopic properties of AFE materials have been extensively studied, it is still unclear how the underlying structure evolution engenders their defining properties. Here we employ an electric biasing in-situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction technique to reveal the phase, domain texture, and lattice evolution in a high performance PbZrO3-based AFE material. During the reversible AFE-FE transition triggered by electric fields, the evolution of the superstructure for AFE pseudo-tetragonal and FE rhombohedral phase is found to display strong dependence on the angle with respect to the field direction. In contrast to previous prediction, it is found that there is no obvious domain reorientation in the AFE phase, when the system is far away from the AFE-FE transitions. The electric-field-induced FE rhombohedral phase exhibits an unusual microscopic behavior, distinguished from the normal one, presenting small changes in domain texture and lattice strain with electric field, and leading to a small piezoelectric response. The longitudinal, transverse, and volume strains estimated from the XRD peak profiles are well consistent with the macroscopic strain measurements. It is demonstrated that the large strain arises from the structural change associated with anisotropic lattice strain and highly preferential domain reorientation during the AFE-FE transitions. The AFE-FE switching sequence is constructed based on the present study, which provides a further understating of AFE materials.This is a manuscript of an article published as Liu, Hui, Longlong Fan, Shengdong Sun, Kun Lin, Yang Ren, Xiaoli Tan, Xianran Xing, and Jun Chen. "Electric-field-induced structure and domain texture evolution in PbZrO3-based antiferroelectric by in-situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction." Acta Materialia (2019). DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2019.11.050. Posted with permission.</p
Maladera bubengensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu 2021, sp. n.
No full textMaladera bubengensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n. Figures 57 A–D, 118 Type material examined. Holotype: ♂ “[China] Bubeng, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, 14.IX. 1993, 700m, leg. Yang Longlong ” (IZAS). Description. Length: 10.4 mm, length of elytra: 7.4 mm, width: 5.1 mm. Body oval, dark brown, antenna yellow, labroclypeus shiny, remainder of dorsal surface dull with some iridescent greenish sine, glabrous except a few short setae on head. Labroclypeus subtrapezoidal, widest at base, lateral margins straight and convergent to strongly rounded anterior angles, lateral margin and ocular canthus producing a distinct blunt angle, margins moderately reflexed; anteriorly margin straight; surface moderately convex medially, shiny, finely densely punctate, with a few single setae; frontoclypeal suture not impressed and weakly angled medially; smooth area in front of eye approximately as wide as long; ocular canthus short and wide, impunctate, without terminal seta. Frons dull with iridescent shine, with fine, dense punctures, glabrous except for a few setae beside eyes. Eyes small, ratio of diameter/interocular width: 0.56. Antenna with 10 antennomeres; club with three antennomeres, slightly longer than remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum anteriorly elevated and flattened. Pronotum subtrapezoidal, widest at base, lateral margins moderately convex and convergent anteriorly, anterior angles produced and sharp; anterior margin convex, marginal line complete; surface finely and densely punctate, with very minute setae in the punctures only; anterior and lateral margins sparsely setose; hypomeron carinate. Scutellum wide, triangular, with fine and dense punctures each bearing a minute seta. Elytra oblong, widest at middle, striae weakly impressed, finely and densely punctate, intervals almost flat, with fine, dense punctures, with a few fine, erect, short setae, punctures with minute setae; epipleural margin robust, ending before strongly rounded external apical angle of elytra, epipleura sparsely setose, apical border membraneous, with a fine rim of short microtrichomes. Ventral surface dull, metasternum and metacoxa with large and dense punctures, sparsely setose, metacoxa glabrous except for a several long setae laterally. Abdominal sternites, in addition to generally distributed fine and moderately dense punctures, each with a distinct transverse row of coarse punctures each bearing a short and robust seta, punctures with microscopic setae. Mesosternum between mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa: 1/1.81. Pygidium weakly convex, finely and densely punctate, without smooth midline, punctures with microscopic setae, long setae along apical margin lacking. Legs short and wide; femora with two longitudinal rows of setae, finely and moderately densely punctate; metafemur dull, anterior margin acute, lacking an adjacent serrated line, anterior longitudinal row of setae absent, posterior ventral margin strongly widened in apical half and not serrate, glabrous; posterior dorsal margin smooth, with a few fine setae. Metatibia moderately wide and long, widest at middle, ratio width/length: 1/2.2, dorsal margin sharply carinate, with two groups of spines, basal one at middle, apical one at four fifths of metatibial length, without a contiguous serrated line basally; lateral face longitudinally convex, without punctures; ventral margin serrate, with four equidistant spines; medial face impunctate, apex interiorly near tarsal articulation shallowly concave. Tarsomeres impunctate dorsally, with a few short setae ventrally; metatarsomeres ventrally with a strongly serrated ridge, and with a further subventral longitudinal carina; first metatarsomere slightly longer than dorsal tibial spur, subsequent metatarsomeres of holotype missing. Aedeagus: Fig. 57 A–C. Habitus: Fig. 57D. Female unknown. Diagnosis. Maladera bubengensis Ahrens, Fabrizi & Liu, sp. n. differs from all other larger Chinese Maladera species in having symmetrical parameres that have asymmetrically distributed small teeth along the internal margins of both parameres. Etymology. The new species is named after the type locality, Bubeng (adjective in the nominative singular). Distribution. See map (Fig. 118) and Table 1.Published as part of Fabrizi, Silvia, Liu, Wan-Gang, Bai, Ming, Yang, Xing-Ke & Ahrens, Dirk, 2021, A monograph of the genus Maladera Mulsant & Rey, 1871 of China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Sericini), pp. 1-400 in Zootaxa 4922 (1) on pages 244-246, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4922.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/449631
Developing the wisdom of rural tourism and promoting the transformation and upgrading of Shangluo rural tourism industry
No full text<p>Tourism industry is one of the industries that promote the development of modern economy. Shangluo rural tourism is also developing slowly. Rural tourism improves the employment rate of farmers and drives the economic development of various places. With the rapid development of information technology in China, tourists travel in a variety of ways, and the needs of tourists are becoming more and more differentiated. Traditional rural tourism is difficult to meet the personalized needs of tourists. In such a social environment, Shangluo rural tourism should develop in the direction of smart tourism, so that we can quickly complete the intelligent development of Shangluo rural tourism and improve the development level of Shangluo rural tourism. Based on the background of the intelligent growth of rural tourism, this paper studies the current situation and problems of the intelligent development of rural tourism in Shangluo. It is concluded that there are still some problems in the intelligent development of Shangluo rural tourism, such as backward infrastructure, single website content, lack of talents related to Shangluo intelligent tourism, backward information technology and poor service quality of scenic spots. We should speed up the construction of Shangluo smart rural tourism and the industrial upgrading of Shangluo rural tourism from the aspects of government departments, tourism management departments, rural tourism communities and other departments.</p></jats:p
Bioorthogonal Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles with Aggregation‐Induced Emission for Deep Tumor‐Penetrating Radio‐ and Radiodynamic Therapy
No full text10.1002/adma.202007888ADVANCED MATERIALS33
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