148,679 research outputs found
Outsourcing and Skill Imports: Foreign High-Skilled Workers on H-1B and L-1 Visas in the United States
Get PDFThis working paper looks in detail at the H-1B and L-1 visa programs for temporary employment in the United States. Based on official data from the US Citizenship and Immigration Services and the US Department of State, H-1B and L-1 visa issuance rapidly increased in the late 1990s, followed by a marked slowdown after 2001. This points to the highly cyclical nature of both visa programs. Indian nationals and immigrants working in computer-related occupations dominate the H1-B and L-1 population in the United States, but these two groups are also found to be the most cyclical segment, with very large declines in inflows after 2001. The total population of H-1B visaholders in 2003 is estimated to range between 387,000 and 746,000, of which 160,000 to 306,000 were Indian nationals. As all data on H-1B/L-1 visaholders are gross numbers and gross jobs data for comparable categories are absent, the extent of the impact of these visa programs on the US labor market cannot be gauged precisely. A broad range of US industries and educational institutions are found to be employing H-1B recipients, with the IT industry being the dominant sector. Evidence of aggressive wage-cost cutting, including paying H-1B recipients only the legally mandated 95 percent of the prevailing US wage, is found among some H-1B employers, although no systematic abuse of the system is present.Outsourcing, offshoring, high-skilled labor, immigration, H1B/L-1 visas
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No full textBivariate graph showing size distribution of Tuzoia spp. from the Balang and Kaili biotas (T. sinensis Pan, 1957 in purple; T. lazizhaiensis sp. nov. in blue, and T. bispinosa Yuan & Zhao, 1999 in red); valve length (L) on x-axis, and valve height (H) on y-axis
H∞ and L2–L∞ filtering for two-dimensional linear parameter-varying systems
No full textThis is the post print version of the article. The official published version can be obtained from the link below - Copyright 2007 Wiley-BlackwellIn this paper, the H∞ and l2–l∞ filtering problem is investigated for two-dimensional (2-D) discrete-time linear parameter-varying (LPV) systems. Based on the well-known Fornasini–Marchesini local state-space (FMLSS) model, the mathematical model of 2-D systems under consideration is established by incorporating the parameter-varying phenomenon. The purpose of the problem addressed is to design full-order H∞ and l2–l∞ filters such that the filtering error dynamics is asymptotic stable and the prescribed noise attenuation levels in H∞ and l2–l∞ senses can be achieved, respectively. Sufficient conditions are derived for existence of such filters in terms of parameterized linear matrix inequalities (PLMIs), and the corresponding filter synthesis problem is then transformed into a convex optimization problem that can be efficiently solved by using standard software packages. A simulation example is exploited to demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed design method
Letter from H. L. Russell to Carl Hayden
No full textLetter from H. L. Russell to Carl Hayden regarding fines in the park
Rearrangement of alkylchlorocarbenes: 1,2-H shift in free carbene, carbene-olefin complex, and excited states of carbene precursors
No full textPhotolysis of alkylchlorodiazirines (1) in the presence of olefins gives a cyclopropane (3) by addition of the generated carbene to the olefin and a vinyl chloride derivative (2) resulting from a 1,2-H shift rearrangement. This rearrangement may occur either in the carbene or in some excited state, precursor of the carbene (RIES mechanism), or in a ''carbene + olefin complex'' on the way to the formation of 3 (COC mechanism). Results obtained by time-resolved photoacoustic calorimetry as well as by thermolysis and photolysis of ClCH2C(N-2)Cl and CH3(CH2)(2)C(N-2)Cl in the presence of tetramethylethylene clearly indicate that both the RIES and COC mechanisms play a role but with efficiencies which greatly depend on the nature of the diazirine. Reexamination of the results previously obtained with benzylchlorodiazirines indicates that, for this class of diazirines, the RIES mechanism is temperature dependent and has a very low efficiency at room temperature and below, whereas the nonlinearity of the plots [3]/[2] vs [olefin] is mainly due to the COC mechanism.PT: J; CR: BIGOT B, 1978, J AM CHEM SOC, V100, P8575 CHANG KT, 1979, J AM CHEM SOC, V101, P5082 FREY HM, 1966, ADV PHOTOCHEM, V4, P225 GANZER GA, 1986, J AM CHEM SOC, V108, P1517 GRAHAM WH, 1965, J AM CHEM SOC, V87, P4396 HEIHOFF K, 1987, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V22, P1422 HOUK KN, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P4291 HOUK KN, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P4293 JACKSON JE, 1994, ADV CARBENE CHEM, V1 KANABUSKAMINSKA JM, 1987, J AM CHEM SOC, V109, P5267 LAVILLA JA, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P6877 LAVILLA JA, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P712 LAVILLA JA, 1990, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V31, P5109 LIU MTH, 1987, J ORG CHEM, V52, P4223 LIU MTH, 1989, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P12 LIU MTH, 1990, J AM CHEM SOC, V112, P3915 MODARELLI DA, 1991, J AM CHEM SOC, V113, P8985 MODARELLI DA, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P7034 MOSS RA, 1993, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1597 MOSS RA, 1994, ADV CARBENE CHEM, V1 MULDER P, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P4090 MULLERREMMERS PL, 1985, J AM CHEM SOC, V107, P7275 NI T, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P457 NICKON A, 1993, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V26, P84 RUDZKI JE, 1985, J AM CHEM SOC, V107, P7849 SKELL PS, 1969, J AM CHEM SOC, V91, P7131 TOMIOKA H, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P454 TURRO NJ, 1982, J AM CHEM SOC, V104, P1754 WARNER PM, 1984, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V25, P4211 WESTRICK JA, 1987, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V26, P8313 WHITE WR, 1992, J ORG CHEM, V57, P2841 WIERLACHER S, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P8943 YAMAMOTO N, 1994, J AM CHEM SOC, V116, P2064; NR: 33; TC: 30; J9: J AMER CHEM SOC; PG: 9; GA: UG695Source type: Electronic(1
Laser Flash Photolysis Studies: 1, 2-Hydrogen Migration to a Carbene
No full textPT: J; CR: ALTMANN JA, 1974, J AM CHEM SOC, V96, P4196 ALTMANN JA, 1975, J AM CHEM SOC, V97, P5217 BODOR N, 1972, J AM CHEM SOC, V94, P9103 BONNEAU R, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P5973 BURNETT SM, 1983, CHEM PHYS LETT, V100, P124 CELEBI S, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P8613 DIX EJ, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P10424 EVANSECK JD, 1990, J PHYS CHEM-US, V94, P5518 FRENKING G, 1984, TETRAHEDRON, V40, P2123 FREY HM, 1962, J CHEM SOC, P2293 FREY HM, 1965, J CHEM SOC, P1700 FREY HM, 1966, ADV PHOTOCHEM, V4, P225 FRIEDMAN L, 1959, J AM CHEM SOC, V81, P5512 GALLO MM, 1992, J PHYS CHEM-US, V96, P1515 HO GJ, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P6875 HOFFMANN R, 1968, J AM CHEM SOC, V90, P1485 HOUK KN, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P4291 HOUK KN, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P4293 HOUK KN, 1985, TETRAHEDRON, V41, P1555 JACKSON JE, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P5595 JACKSON JE, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P6874 JACKSON JE, 1994, ADV CARBENE CHEM, V1 JONES WM, 1980, REARRANGEMENTS GROUN, V1, P95 KHODABANDEH S, 1993, J PHYS CHEM-US, V97, P4360 KIRMSE W, 1965, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V4, P692 KIRMSE W, 1971, CARBENE CHEM KRAMER KAW, 1962, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1095 KYBA EP, 1977, J AM CHEM SOC, V99, P8330 LAVILLA JA, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P6877 LAVILLA JA, 1990, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V31, P5109 LIU MTH, IN PRESS J PHOTOCHEM LIU MTH, 1985, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P982 LIU MTH, 1986, J PHYS CHEM-US, V90, P75 LIU MTH, 1987, CHEM DIAZIRINES, V1, P111 LIU MTH, 1987, J ORG CHEM, V52, P4223 LIU MTH, 1989, J AM CHEM SOC, V111, P6873 LIU MTH, 1989, J PHYS CHEM-US, V93, P7298 LIU MTH, 1990, J AM CHEM SOC, V112, P3915 LIU MTH, 1990, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1650 LIU MTH, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P3604 LIU MTH, 1992, J ORG CHEM, V57, P2483 LIU MTH, 1992, J PHYS ORG CHEM, V5, P285 LIU MTH, 1993, J PHYS ORG CHEM, V6, P696 LIU MTH, 1994, RES CHEM INTERMEDIAT, V20, P195 MA B, 1994, J AM CHEM SOC, V116, P3539 MANSOOR AM, 1966, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1733 MODARELLI DA, 1991, J AM CHEM SOC, V113, P8985 MODARELLI DA, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P7034 MODARELLI DA, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P10440 MODARELLI DA, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P470 MOSS RA, 1989, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V22, P15 MOSS RA, 1990, J AM CHEM SOC, V112, P1638 MOSS RA, 1990, J AM CHEM SOC, V112, P5642 MOSS RA, 1992, J PHYS ORG CHEM, V5, P104 MOSS RA, 1992, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V33, P4287 MOSS RA, 1993, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1597 MOSS RA, 1993, J PHYS CHEM-US, V97, P13413 MOSS RA, 1993, J PHYS ORG CHEM, V6, P126 MOSS RA, 1993, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V34, P927 MOSS RA, 1994, ADV CARBENE CHEM, V1 MULLERREMMERS PL, 1985, J AM CHEM SOC, V107, P7275 NICKON A, 1993, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V26, P84 NOBES RH, 1980, CHEM PHYS LETT, V74, P269 PLATZ MS, 1994, RES CHEM INTERMEDIAT, V20, P175 RAGHAVACHARI K, 1982, CHEM PHYS LETT, V85, P145 REGITZ M, 1989, METHOD ORGAN CHEM, E, B19 SCHAEFER HF, 1979, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V12, P288 SEBURG RA, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P7183 SMALL RD, 1977, CHEM PHYS LETT, V50, P431 SMALL RD, 1977, J PHYS CHEM-US, V81, P828 SMALL RD, 1978, CHEM PHYS LETT, V59, P246 STEVENS IDR, 1989, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V30, P481 STORER JW, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P10426 SU DTT, 1978, J AM CHEM SOC, V100, P1872 SUGIYAMA MH, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P966 TOMIOKA H, 1980, J AM CHEM SOC, V102, P7817 TOMIOKA H, 1984, J AM CHEM SOC, V106, P454 TOMIOKA H, 1986, CHEM LETT, P695 TURRO NJ, 1982, J AM CHEM SOC, V104, P1754 WARNER PM, 1984, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V25, P4211 WHITE WR, 1992, J ORG CHEM, V57, P2841 WIERLACHER S, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P8943; NR: 82; TC: 56; J9: ACCOUNT CHEM RES; PG: 8; GA: PL566Source type: Electronic(1
Letter from Carl Hayden to L. H. Mcellherren
No full textLetter from Carl Hayden to L. H. McEllherren detailing the funeral of Hon. M. P. Kinkaid, Chairman of the Committee on Irrigation of Arid Lands as well as Hayden's travel plans for the summer
Mosco convergence for H(curl) spaces, higher integrability for Maxwell’s equations, and stability in direct and inverse EM scattering problems
No full textThis paper is concerned with the scattering problem for time-harmonic electromagnetic waves, due to the presence of scatterers and of inhomogeneities in the medium. We prove a sharp stability result for the solutions to the direct electromagnetic scattering problem, with respect to variations of the scatterer and of the inhomogeneity, under minimal regularity assumptions for both of them. The stability result leads to bounds on solutions to the scattering problems which are uniform for an extremely general class of admissible scatterers and inhomogeneities. These uniform bounds are a key step in tackling the challenging stability issue for the corresponding inverse electromagnetic scattering problem. In this paper we establish two optimal stability results of logarithmic type for the determination of polyhedral scatterers by a minimal number of electromagnetic scattering measurements. In order to prove the stability result for the direct electromagnetic scattering problem, we study two fundamental issues in the theory of Maxwell equations: Mosco convergence for H(curl) spaces and higher integrability properties of solutions to Maxwell equations in nonsmooth domains
Forecast of July 2015—New Jersey: prospects for the long term
No full textThe July 2015 R/ECON forecast shows more rapid growth for the state in 2015 than in 2014. Nonagricultural employment rose by 0.7 percent—or 27,700 jobs in 2014—after growth of 1.2 percent or 45,100 jobs in 2013. Growth will improve to 1.1 percent in 2015 and 2016 and then average 0.8 percent over the rest of the forecast period, which goes through 2045. At these rates the job base will return to the peak level reached in the first quarter of 2008 in mid-2017. By the end of the forecast period in 2045 the employment base will be nearly a million jobs, and 23 percent, greater than its level at the peak.1 These projections assume no specific recession/recovery cycle disrupts the state’s or nation’s growth. Although this seems rather far-fetched given that the average business cycle (peak to peak) in the U.S. since World War II has lasted about 24 quarters and the current cycle is now in its seventh year, a caveat to keep in mind is that this is a long term TREND forecast; it does not purport to indicate at what point(s) CYCLES may occur.Rutgers Economic Advisory Service (R/ECON) quarterly repor
Pyrolysis of trifluoroacetaldehyde, initiated by di-tertiary-butyl peroxide decomposition
No full textPT: J; CR: ARTHUR NL, 1965, AUST J CHEM, V18, P1561 AYSCOUGH PB, 1956, J CHEM PHYS, V24, P994 BATT L, 1977, INT J CHEM KINET, V9, P141 COME GM, 1968, REV I R PETROLE, V23, P1365 COX DL, 1966, J CHEM SOC B, P245 DODD RE, 1957, J CHEM SOC, P1465 FERGUSON JM, 1965, J CHEM SOC, P4416 GRAY P, 1971, CHEM REV, V71, P247 HIATT R, 1972, INT J CHEM KINET, V4, P479 HIATT R, 1978, INT J CHEM KINET, V10, P185 HOOPER DG, 1975, J CHEM EDUC, V52, P131 LIU MH, 1973, CAN J CHEM, V51, P2292 LIU MTH, 1968, CAN J CHEM, V46, P479 LIU MTH, 1977, INT J CHEM KINET, V9, P589 MORRIS ER, 1967, T FARADAY SOC, V63, P2470 MORRIS ER, 1968, T FARADAY SOC, V64, P3027 PEARCE C, 1971, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1464 SHAW DH, 1968, CAN J CHEM, V46, P2721 SHEPP A, 1956, J CHEM PHYS, V24, P939 WIJNEN MHJ, 1960, J AM CHEM SOC, V82, P1847 YEEQUEE MJ, 1968, J PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, V72, P2824 YEEQUEE MJ, 1968, T FARADAY SOC, V64, P1296; NR: 22; TC: 10; J9: CAN J CHEM; PG: 10; GA: HN360Source type: Electronic(1
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