1,720,962 research outputs found
Evidence for yeast artificial synthesis in SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 genomic sequences
No full textExtended Data Figures S1-S4 and Tables S1-S21. Extended Data File S1-S5
Figure 1A, B and COPE Report to Science Erratum from 15 March 2024 and Science eLetter from 24 March 2024
No full textFigure 1. (A) Standard deviation of the medians as a function of sample size from the null distance distribution of Wuhan’s background population density provided by Worobey et al. Arrows indicate two identical data files, as reported originally in Worobey et al., for sample sizes 35 and 120, i.e. the data for sample size 35 was missing. (B) After issued Erratum and data correction on the 15 March 2024, the corrected standard deviations closely follow the estimate from the central limit theorem (solid line), including resampled data for n=120 and n=155. Quantile QQ-plot for n=11 (inset) shows sampled null medians follow, within a 99.9% confidence interval (grey), a normal distribution from 1000 generated random instances
Figure 1A-C
No full textFigure 1. (A) Wuhan metropolitan area map showing the direct distance between the Huanan seafood market and the main research and administrative building of the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV). Circle depicts four clustered cases at the Shahuxincun neighborhood, which are the four closest to the WIV among the early 155 cases analyzed by Worobey et al. (B) Satellite image of local area around the Wuhan Institute of Virology in the year 2021. (C) May 2019 eastward view of the main entrance and front facade of the main building of the WIV. All images retrieved from Baidu (map.baidu.com) geographical maps service on 15 October 2022
Can the Internet cope with stress?
No full textWhen will the Internet wake up and become aware of itself? In this note the problem is approached by asking an alternative question: Can the Internet cope with stress? By extrapolating the psychological difference between coping and defense mechanisms, a distributed software experiment is outlined which could reject the hypothesis that the Internet is not a conscious entity
Pre-pandemic artificial MERS analog of polyfunctional SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 furin cleavage site domain is unique among betacoronaviruses
No full textSARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein furin cleavage site is a key functional determinant of SARS-CoV-2 virulence and COVID-19 pathogencity. Located at the S1/S2 junction, it is unique among sarbecoviruses but is also found among other betacoronaviruses. Recent evidence suggests that this proteolytic site extends to a ten amino acids long polyfunctional domain with two additional functional motifs: a pat7 nuclear localization signal (NLS) and two flanking O-glycosite Thr/Ser residues. However, a systematic analysis of coronavirus S protein sequences bearing this polyfunctional domain has been missing. Here we report that among spike protein sequences of genus Betacoronavirus and outside of the SARS-CoV-2 clade an analogous polyfunctional domain was found in only one other virus: an artificial MERS infectious clone, described already in 2017, which constitutes an adapted genotype from serial passage in genetically humanized mice. In contrast to this artificial MERS, which has no natural primary host and which during passage acquired the full pat7 motif, S protein sequences from all other betacoronaviruses did not present a polyfunctional S1/S2 junction domain analogous to SARS-CoV-2. As the evolutionarily closest betacoronaviruses outside of the SARS-CoV-2 clade lack all its three functional features, this critical S1/S2 polyfunctional domain becomes an unlikely product of natural evolution alone. This evidence implicates a possible artificial origin of SARS-CoV-2 and extends the current view on its pathogenesis
Pre-pandemic artificial MERS analog of polyfunctional SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 furin cleavage site domain is unique among betacoronaviruses
No full textSARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein furin cleavage site is a key functional determinant of SARS-CoV-2 virulence and COVID-19 pathogencity. Located at the S1/S2 junction, it is unique among sarbecoviruses but is also found among other betacoronaviruses. Recent evidence suggests that this proteolytic site extends to a ten amino acids long polyfunctional domain with two additional functional motifs: a pat7 nuclear localization signal (NLS) and two flanking O-glycosite Thr/Ser residues. However, a systematic analysis of coronavirus S protein sequences bearing this polyfunctional domain has been missing. Here we report that among spike protein sequences of genus Betacoronavirus and outside of the SARS-CoV-2 clade an analogous polyfunctional domain was found in only one other virus: an artificial MERS infectious clone, described already in 2017, which constitutes an adapted and rationally selected genotype from serial passage in genetically humanized mice. In contrast to this artificial MERS, which has no natural primary host and which during passage acquired the full pat7 motif, S protein sequences from all other betacoronaviruses did not present a polyfunctional S1/S2 junction domain analogous to SARS-CoV-2. As the evolutionarily closest betacoronaviruses outside of the SARS-CoV-2 clade lack all its three functional features, this critical S1/S2 polyfunctional domain becomes an unlikely product of natural evolution alone. This evidence implicates a possible artificial origin of SARS-CoV-2 and extends the current view on its pathogenesis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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