1,721,050 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The impact of CE proteins on periodontal disease and the oral microbiome in white spot lesions patients
Get PDFBackground: Periodontal disease is a pathological condition that affects the soft and hard tissues that surround teeth. Although its overall etiology is well- studied, there remains less clarity as to the etiology of the severe forms of this disease (SvP). The epithelial barrier is one of the greatest shields of our body and, at the same time, the portal of entry for many aggressors. To understand more about the etiology of SvP, we have focused on the cornified epithelium (CE), which is the outermost layer of the skin and oral mucosa. The insoluble protein, loricrin, comprises most of the protein mass and supports the barrier between environments. Loricrin downregulation has been linked to inflammatory skin disorders, which suggests that this protein may play a key role in the barrier function of the CE. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6 VT (Stat6VT) transgenic mice are a model of CE protein downregulation used to study skin disorders. These mice overexpress the transcription factor Stat6, increasing levels of T Helper Cell Type 2 cytokines, which compete for a mutual co-factor (p300/CBP) and consequently decrease expression of loricrin and filaggrin, two CE proteins. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a major periodontal disease pathogen, can also affect CE protein expression through chronic activation of Stat6VT. Our study aims to determine the impact of deficiency/mislocalization of several CE proteins on periodontal health in the context of infection by Pg and investigate the localization and expression of CE proteins in human gingival samples of patients that presented with SvP compared to healthy controls. Hypothesis: There are two hypotheses: 1. SvP patients will show downregulation/mislocalization of CE proteins accompanied by changes in epithelial differentiation and increased signs of inflammation in histological sections of uninvolved gingival tissues compared to healthy controls. 2. Stat6VT mice will develop an increased oral immune response and more significant alveolar bone loss compared to littermate controls in response to a pathogen challenge. Methods: Fifteen patients were recruited from the periodontology residency program at the University of Alberta. Patients with Stage III or IV and Grade C periodontitis (SvP group) or included as healthy controls. Discarded healthy tissue samples containing keratinized gingiva were collected during various periodontal procedures. The human samples were assessed for loricrin, filaggrin, cytokeratins 1, and 14 expressions. For the animal study, plasma was then carefully collected and used to analyze Th2 cytokines and systemic inflammatory status. Alveolar bone loss was assessed using microcomputed tomography, and tissue morphology of the soft tissues was qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by histological examination for several proteins. Results: Loricrin expression was visibly downregulated in all SvP patients when compared to controls. Filaggrin, on the other hand, showed a similar signal to controls in Stage III C patients, and a decreased signal in Stage IV C patients. CK1 presentation was more widespread but had lower expression (qualitatively) in all SvP patients. CK14 expression was also more widespread over several layers, instead of being contained to a single layer as in controls, and a decrease in expression was also observed in all SvP patients. Pathogen-infected Stat6VT mice presented increased alveolar bone loss compared to controls in 9 out of 16 examined sites. This increase in bone loss was accompanied with increased tissue inflammation, based on CD45+ cell count (35.30 ± 1.539 vs. 22.86 ± 1.067; p<0.0001). CK1 expression was dramatically decreased in Stat6VT mice (6.556 ± 0.76 vs. 19.94 ± 2.868; p<0.0001). CK14 expression was more broadly expressed in Stat6VT mice, with positive cells extending up into the granular layer, exceeding confinement to the basal layer, as observed in controls. Ki67 positive cells were decreased in Stat6VT mice (38.54 ± 2.637 vs. 53.97 ± 3.870; p:0.0013) and scattered in the distribution. Conclusions: Our study found decrease and difference in localization of important proteins of the oral epithelium, such as loricrin, filaggrin, CK1 and CK14. These changes in epithelial differentiation that may exacerbate the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis infection in Stat6VT mice. There were similarities between the mouse model and the most severe forms of human periodontitis, suggesting similar etiologies. The hypothesis that barrier integrity may contribute to SvP needs further study. The identification of Stat6VT mice as a model of SvP may significantly impact mechanistic study
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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