1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Reliability and validity of the Roche PD Mobile Application for remote monitoring of early Parkinson’s disease
No full textDigital health technologies enable remote and therefore frequent measurement of motor signs, potentially providing reliable and valid estimates of motor sign severity and progression in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The Roche PD Mobile Application v2 was developed to measure bradykinesia, bradyphrenia and speech, tremor, gait and balance. It comprises 10 smartphone active tests (with ½ tests administered daily), as well as daily passive monitoring via a smartphone and smartwatch. It was studied in 316 early-stage PD participants who performed daily active tests at home then carried a smartphone and wore a smartwatch throughout the day for passive monitoring (study NCT03100149). Here, we report baseline data. Adherence was excellent (96.29%). All pre-specified sensor features exhibited good-to-excellent test–retest reliability (median intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.9), and correlated with corresponding Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale items (rho: 0.12–0.71). These findings demonstrate the preliminary reliability and validity of remote at-home quantification of motor sign severity with the Roche PD Mobile Application v2 in individuals with early PD
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Rare event simulation for probabilistic models of T-cell activation
Full text linkLipsmeier F. Rare event simulation for probabilistic models of T-cell activation. Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University; 2010.One of the central questions in immunobiology is: How does the immune system reliably distinguish between antigens of our own body and foreign antigens? This ability is critical for our survival. One of the major cell types involved in these decisions are the so called T-cells, which are specialized white blood cells with a detection mechanism that is not fully explained until now. There is not a one to one specificity between T-cells and antigens. T-cells have to be cross-reactive, that is they have to be able to be activated by several antigens.
The usual mathematical models in immunobiology are deterministic ones and therefore not applicable to the given problem. We need probabilistic approaches in order to describe the problem properly, because of the huge amount of possible receptor-antigen-combinations and the fact that a given T-cell is not confronted with individual antigens but has to make its decision when being in contact with so called antigen presenting cells (APC) which present a huge amount of antigens on their surface.
This thesis deals with the probabilistic modeling and efficient simulation of models which describe the mechanism of T-cell activation and foreign-self discrimination. Because of the complexity of the topic, the first part of the thesis forms a review of the recent experimental findings with regard to T-cell immunology. Afterwards we introduce the already existing first probabilistic model of T-cell activation developed by van den Berg, Rand and Burroughs (BRB).
The second part of this thesis is concerned with the simulation and analysis of this model. As T-cell activation is a rare event, that is the probability of T-cell activation is very low, we cannot analyze the model with the usual simple sampling strategies, but rely on the so-called importance sampling approach. With the help of large deviation theory we are able to construct an efficient simulation algorithm, which uses special alternative distributions for sampling for which we can proof asymptotic efficiency.
In our analysis of the BRB model we are able to show that it can explain foreign-self discrimination and explain how this comes about in the model. We are also able to show where the defects of the model are, especially with regard to the biological relevance.
Consequently, in the third part of this thesis we develop a new model of T-cell activation. One major improvement in this model is, that we are able to integrate negative selection which is a process during T-cell maturation where T-cells that are to self-reactive are induced to die. Again, we have to adapt and develop new simulation algorithms for the analysis of this model. We are then able to show that our new model is able to explain foreign-self discrimination with parameters that are biologically much more plausible than in the BRB model
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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