100 research outputs found
20-year review of the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board's operating capacity investments
No full textauthors: Jess Downey, Dr. Emily Jane Davis, Dr. Rich Margerum.This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Inhabiting the impasse: Social exclusion through visible assemblage in neighborhood gentrification
No full textNow that gentrification has taken hold in central Cincinnati and begun to spill outward, nearby neighborhoods in the early stages of gentrification have begun to call for “inclusive redevelopment” to bring vibrancy to depressed neighborhoods without displacing long-term residents. Neighborhood leaders and city officials understand that displacement happens along racial and class lines, yet efforts to directly address this issue have not changed displacement patterns. Research shows social exclusion contributes to displacement in gentrifying neighborhoods, and tends to focus on uneven impact across social categories like race and class, but there is much less attention to how exclusion is enacted and these categories reproduced. I argue that this takes place simultaneously in the intimate space and time of everyday encounters, where proximity and relation unfold affectively through things and people to code them anew, pulling some into the momentum of redevelopment, while pushing others aside. This cognitive reversal of how categories work is important because it relocates their origin in small, interstitial, and nonhuman sites. Pairing assemblage theory and posthumanism with interviews and field notes, I demonstrate the role of nonhuman forces in shaping these encounters; how materials like cheese, pint glasses, trash, beards, and liver & onions play marked roles in producing marginalization. My findings show that things and people compose visible assemblages together, like a group of people sitting at a sidewalk table eating pizza and drinking beer. These assemblages are operative in producing and reinforcing social exclusion: they usher practiced bias through the surface aesthetics of the assorted components, enabling affective atmospheres to prescribe outcomes. These emergent, visible assemblages are thus important sites for intervention into processes of social exclusion leading to displacement
A recital
No full textProgram notes and recording of the recital, performed by the Kansas State University Chamber Choir; Jess Wade, piano; the author, conductor.Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industrie
Environmental Determinants of Behavioral Ecology: Differences in Roosting Ecology and Socioecology of a Neotropical Bat (Artibeus lituratus) Between Two Disparate Landscapes in the Atlantic Forest of Paraguay
No full textI explored the why of bat roost selection and how it affected roost sharing, and the why of bat roost sharing and how it affected roost selection. This relationship between bats and landscape was examined by contrasting roosting ecology and socioecology between contiguous forest and fragmented matrix. I posited that if forest structure is different and roost trees are limited, fragmentation may be affecting roost use and selection. In turn, this could alter the roosting behaviors and socioecology of bats. Altered behavioral tendencies could then be incorporated as an indicator of ecological health.
I radio-tracked a large, frugivorous, neotropical bat species (Artibeus lituratus) in the Atlantic Forest of eastern Paraguay. Habitat differed between contiguous forest and fragmented matrix. However, roost selection differed between landscapes only in tree diameter at breast height, tree height, and crown cover. Across both landscapes the selection of vine-laden trees in uncluttered stands was consistent. In contiguous habitats, A. lituratus exhibited an overall tendency to roost high in tall and densely-covered trees, which were less frequently roost-shared with conspecifics, and evenly distributed across the landscape. Comparatively, A. lituratus in matrix habitats exhibited an overall tendency to roost low in short and sparsely-covered trees, which were more frequently roost-shared with conspecifics, and unevenly distributed across the landscape. Furthermore, simulated changes in the habitat characteristics of roost networks affected roost popularity in matrix, but not contiguous landscapes. The most likely causes for those behavioral differences is the relatively suboptimal habitat of the matrix landscape. If these behaviors are consistent for other tree-roosting bat species, they are potential indicators of declining ecological health.Embargo status: Restricted until 06/2030. To request the author grant access, click on the PDF link to the left
Intracellular and extracellular promoters of metastasis to different organs
No full textThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 2019Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references.Metastasis is the cause of the vast majority of cancer-related deaths, yet much remains unknown about this complex process, from how tumor cells complete the many steps of the metastatic cascade to how they can adapt to survive in multiple, vastly different secondary sites. I have therefore conducted two studies into different aspects of metastasis. First, I investigated the scaffold protein IQGAP1, which promotes primary tumor growth and invasiveness in several cancers. However, the role of IQGAP1 in metastasis has been unclear. We used IQGAP1 knockdown and knockout to investigate its role in the metastatic cascade in melanoma and breast cancer. I found that reduction of IQGAP1 expression inhibited the formation of metastases, without limiting primary or metastatic tumor growth. Furthermore, IQGAP1 knockout significantly decreased extravasation of tumor cells from circulation.These data demonstrate that IQGAP1 promotes metastasis in vivo through regulation of extravasation and suggest that it may represent a valid therapeutic target for inhibiting metastasis. Second, I examined how cells from the same primary tumor can adapt to several different secondary environments. A critical component of every metastatic niche is the extracellular matrix (ECM), which provides structural support, migration control, and growth and survival signals. However, a comprehensive comparison of the ECM components of metastatic niches at various secondary sites had not yet been conducted. I isolated metastases from the brain, lungs, liver and bone marrow, which were all derived from parental MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. We then enriched these tumor samples for ECM proteins and used quantitative mass spectrometry to analyze their ECM composition. Strikingly, the niches created at each site were distinct.Using these data, I compared protein abundance across all metastatic sites to determine which ECM proteins were most significantly elevated in each particular tissue relative to the others. Following this analysis, I knocked down tumor cell expression of SERPINB1, a protein characteristically elevated in brain metastases, and observed reduced metastasis to the brain. Together, these studies offer insight into the fundamental biology of metastasis and metastatic niches, as well as provide potential targets of metastatic breast cancer for imaging and therapy.by Jess Dale Hebert.Ph. D.Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biolog
Sign of the Times: Interactions between D/deaf and Hearing Communities at Arizona State University (ASU)
No full textabstract: This study examines the interactions and intentions of D/deaf and hearing students who participate in the American Sign Language (ASL) Club and deaf Devils Club at Arizona State University (ASU). By exploring how and why students choose to participate in these organizations, one can better understand interactions between D/deaf and hearing communities. This study explores reasons hearing students become involved with d/Deaf communities, the types of interactions the hearing and d/Deaf students participate in, and how student involvement can benefit from these interactions. Qualitative interviews with students of different hearing abilities and observations inside both clubs inform this study. The implications of this research may be applicable to other D/deaf communities
OWL2Jess: A Transformational Implementation of the OWL Semantics
No full textAbstract. The wide scale usage of OWL for the formalization of real-world ontologies is currently influenced by important limitations which concern both its expressivity and the efficiency of OWL specific reasoning tools. While the expressivity limitations may be overcame by extending the OWL language (e.g. with rules), the reasoning with such heterogeneous knowledge bases is still an open issue. In this paper we propose OWL2Jess, a prototypical tool which enables the transformation of OWL ontologies to Jess rule bases and thus enables OWL models to be extended by means of rules. Facts are derived from an initial OWL file by one XSLT stylesheet, while the RDF(S) and OWL Semantics are pre-defined as Jess rules. By making hidden knowledge explicit, OWL2Jess achieves the knowledge compilation: the implicit subsumption and membership relations can be subsequently identified using the Jess rule engine
'Meet me at the left lion': encounters within Nottingham's Old Market Square
No full textArchitecture can form the structure for internal or external gathering places, however, geographer Doreen Massey defnes places, not by their physical characteristics, but as the points of interconnecting fows of people, goods, communications, memories, and imagination, positing that all places are meeting places. At the heart of the city centre, Nottingham’s Old Market Square is where the local inhabitants go to work and play; protest, mourn and celebrate. It is a place of formal and informal encounters, where friends and acquaintances meet, by chance or design; where strangers might exchange a glance or a few words; where people watch other people. Originally a shared market place for Saxon and Norman settlements, the earliest maps of the city show that the footprint of the square has remained the same for many hundreds of years, though its design and edge have gone through numerous transformations. The latest remodelling was undertaken by internationally renowned landscape architecture practice Gustafson Porter: unveiled in 2007, it has won a raft of awards including the inaugural RIBA CABE Public Space Award. Drawing on work undertaken with architecture students to explore individual experiences of the square, the paper will outline some of the fows, past and present, as well as the physical elements, which contribute to the square’s success as a place of encounter
The development and application of nutrient and carbonate system proxies in the deep sea coral Desmophyllum dianthus
No full textDeep sea corals are a promising paleoceanographic archive because they offer the potential for high temporal resolution and precise absolute dating. This thesis presents the first rigorous development and calibration of geochemical proxies for phosphate, barium, carbonate ion, and pH, recorded as phosphorus to calcium (P/Ca), barium to calcium (Ba/Ca), uranium to calcium (U/Ca) ratios and boron isotopes (δ11B), respectively, in the skeleton of the deep sea coral Desmophyllum dianthus (D. dianthus). The δ11B proxy was applied for the first time to a modern coral located within the deep mixed layer of the South Chatham Rise (New Zealand), showing a change in ocean pH as a result of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, in approximate agreement with atmospheric and surface ocean CO2 measurements from this region. The P/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca proxies were applied to corals dated to 15.4ka and Heinrich 1 (~16.5ka) to reconstruct the history of phosphate, barium, and carbonate ion concentrations at intermediate depths in the northwest Atlantic. The results demonstrate that dissolved phosphate increased and carbonate ion decreased during cold periods, previously characterized by reduced deep water convection and increased meltwater input. This suggests the presence of a nutrient rich and corrosive intermediate southern source water mass (SSW) at 40oN in west Atlantic, in agreement with previous radiocarbon reconstructions. Coral Ba measurements suggest a contemporaneous increase in the North Atlantic dissolved Ba inventory compared to Holocene. Calculations of the mixing ratio between northern and SSW following the 15.4ka event suggest that SSW was the dominant water mass in northwest Atlantic. The 15ka event occurred within ~100y, the life span of the coral. The initial success of these new geochemical tools is encouraging for the utility of D. dianthus as a geochemical paleoceanographic archive. With further development, these proxies could be used to reconstruct aspects of water mass mixing and biogeochemical processes in intermediate-to-deep waters of the Atlantic and Southern Oceans, locations where D. dianthus is most abundant.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Eleni E. Anagnosto
Where has all the education gone?
Full text linkCross-national data on economic growth rates show that increases in educational capital resulting from improvements in the educational attainment of the labor force have had no positive impact on the growth rate of output per worker. In fact, contends the author, the estimated impact of growth of human capital on conventional nonregression growth accounting measures of total factor productivity is large, strongly significant, and negative. Needless to say, this at least appears to contradict the current conventional wisdom in development circles about education's importance for growth. After establishing that this negative result about the education-growth linkage is robust, credible, and consistent with previous literature, the author explores three possible explanations that reconcile the abundant evidence about wage gains from schooling for individuals with the lack of schooling impact on aggregate growth: 1) that schooling creates no human capital. Schooling may not actually raise cognitive skills or productivity but schooling may nevertheless raise the private wage because to employers it signals a positive characteristic like ambition or innate ability; 2) that the marginal returns toeducation are falling rapidly where demand for educated labor is stagnant. Expanding the supply of educated labor where there is stagnant demand for it causes the rate of return to education to fall rapidly, particularly where the sluggish demand is due to limited adoption of innovations; and 3) that the institutional environments in many countries have been sufficiently perverse that the human capital accumulated has been applied to activities that served to reduce economic growth. In other words, possibly education does raise productivity, and there is demand for this more productive educated labor, but demand for educated labor comes from individually remunerative but socially wasteful or counterproductive activities - a bloated bureaucracy, for example, or overmanned state enterprises in countries where the government is the employer of last resort - so that while individuals'wages go up with education, output stagnates, or even falls.Capital Markets and Capital Flows,Economic Theory&Research,Decentralization,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Achieving Shared Growth,Governance Indicators,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Growth
- …
