1,721,016 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Study the adhesion of benthic diatoms and antifouling potential of copper loaded zeolites
No full textLe développement du biofouling sur les infrastructures anthropiques est un problème permanent causant des dégâts économiques et environnementaux. Ce phénomène causé par divers niveaux trophiques commence généralement par l’étape du microfouling, constitué majoritairement de bactéries et microalgues, puis celui du macrofouling représenté par l’établissement de macroalgues et mollusques. Afin de lutter contre ces salissures, le développement de stratégies antifouling est crucial. Récemment, la pollution causée par ces revêtements a relancé la recherche pour trouver des systèmes efficaces tout en étant plus respectueux de l’environnement. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier l’adhésion des diatomées benthiques, connues pour leur capacité à s’adapter à différents types de substrats. D’un autre côté, l’utilisation de zéolites chargées en cuivre pour limiter l’adhésion et le développement de microalgues modèles est évaluée. Tout d’abord, l’identification de diatomées colonisatrices, par microscopie et séquençage, permet de déterminer les principaux genres présents sur des revêtements antifouling avec biocides. Ensuite, l’étude de l’activité de zéolites, vierges et chargées en cuivre, sur les microalgues Cylindrotheca closterium et Amphora sp. est réalisée. Ces résultats mettent en avant le mode d’action des zéolites sur les diatomées benthiques. Les zéolites sont ensuite intégrées dans des revêtements à base de polymère biosourcé afin d’en évaluer l’efficacité à inhiber l’adhésion. Enfin, l’analyse des compositions monosaccharidiques et en acides aminés des adhésifs microalgaux est réalisée suite à l’adhésion des diatomées sur des substrats aux propriétés de surfaces différentes.Biofouling development on anthropic infrastuctures remain a permanent issue causing economic and environmental damages. This phenomenon created by diverse trophic leve;s generally begin with the microfouling step, mainly composed of bacteria and microalgae, and the macrofouling one represented by the settlement of macroalgae and molluscs. To fight against this fouling, the development of antifouling strategies is crucial. Recently, pollution caused by these coatings has stimulated the research for efficient and green systems. The aim of this thesis is to study the adhesion of benthic diatoms, well known to adapt to different surfaces. On another hand, the use of copper loaded zeolites is evaluated to limit the adhesion and development of fouling diatoms. Firstly, microscopic and sequencing identification of fouling diatoms allow to determine the main genus present on antifouling coatings. Secondly, the activities of zeolites, pure or copper loaded, on the microalgae Cylindrotheca closterium and Amphora sp. are evaluated. These results highlight the mode of action of zeolites on diatoms. Then, zeolites are integrated in bio-based polymer coatings to determine their efficiency to inhibit diatom adhesion. Finally, the analyses of monosaccharidic and amino acid compositions of diatom adhesives is realized following their adhesion on substrates with different surface properties
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Study of the anti-adhesive properties of polysaccharides for the development of coatings for the colonization preventing of marine organisms
No full textLe développement de biofouling sur les surfaces immergées entraîne de nombreux problèmes opérationnels, économiques, sanitaires et environnementaux. Le durcissement de la réglementation européenne concernant les produits biocides incite l’étude et la compréhension des mécanismes d’actions de nouveaux systèmes exempts de toxicité. L’une des voies de recherche actuelle se base sur la modification des propriétés des surfaces sujettes à colonisation. Dans cette étude, la stratégie choisie est l’utilisation de polysaccharides issus de l’environnement marin : le chitosan et un exopolysaccharide (EPS), MO245, produit par une bactérie marine. Dans un premier temps, des revêtements hydrogels de chitosan réticulés ont été élaborés avec des propriétés physiques et mécaniques modulées. Ensuite, l’activité antiadhésive de MO245, ainsi que la compréhension de ses mécanismes d’action a permis de mettre en évidence sa capacité à inhiber l’adhésion et le biofilm bactérien par des modifications de la physico-chimie des surfaces. Puis, afin de modifier les propriétés chimiques des revêtements, MO245 a été ajouté en tant qu’additif. L’ensemble des revêtements ont été caractérisés physiquement, chimiquement et mécaniquement en conditions hydratées. Les propriétés des revêtements ont été corrélés à leur capacité à moduler l’adhésion de plusieurs niveaux trophiques marins : bactéries, diatomées, invertébrés (larves d’huîtres). Enfin, la capacité des revêtements à réduire le biofouling a été étudiée in situ.The development of biofouling on submerged surfaces leads to numerous operational, economic, health and environmental issues. The increasingly stringent European regulations on biocidal products are encouraging the study and understanding of the mechanisms of action of new systems, without toxicity. One of the current research directions is based on modifying the properties of surfaces subject to colonization. In this study, the chosen strategy is the use of polysaccharides from the marine environment: chitosan and an exopolysaccharide (EPS), MO245, produced by a marine bacterium. First, hydrogel coatings of cross-linked chitosan were developed, with modulated physical and mechanical properties. Then, the anti-adhesive activity of MO245, as well as an understanding of its mechanisms of action, highlighted its ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion and biofilm by modifying the physico-chemistry of surfaces. In order to modify the chemical properties of the coatings, MO245 was added as an additive. All coatings were characterized physically, chemically and mechanically under hydrated conditions. The properties of the coatings were linked to their ability to modulate the adhesion at three marine trophic levels: bacteria, diatoms, invertebrates (oyster larvae). Finally, the in-situ efficiency of the coatings to reduce biofouling was studied
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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