1,720,979 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Automata-Theoretic Model Checking
No full textWhen designing hardware or software, it is important to ensure\ud
that systems behave correctly. This is particularly crucial for life- or safety-critical systems, in which errors can be fatal. One approach to the formal verification of such designs is to convert both the system and a specification of its correct behavior into mathematical objects.\ud
Typically, the system is modeled as a transition system, and the specification as a logical formula. Then we rigorously prove that the system satisfies its specification. This paper explores one of the most successful applications of formal verification, known as model checking, which is a strategy for the verification of finite-state reactive systems. In particular, we focus on the automata-theoretic approach to model checking, in which both the system model and logical specification\ud
are converted to automata over infinite words. Then we can solve the model checking problem using established automata-theoretic techniques from mathematical logic. Since this approach depends heavily on the connections between formal languages, logic, and automata, our explanation is guided by a discussion of the relevant theory
Bi-level Lossless Compression Techniques
No full textImage compression algorithms have evolved into some of the most complex structures in computing. Yet at the core of these algorithms are simple techniques that have been long known about data\ud
compression. This paper explores some of the fundamental techniques behind bi-level (black and white) image compression that have set the\ud
bar for much of the compression standards in existence today. More specifically, the paper focuses on compression techniques developed for\ud
the fax machine, for that development marked a turning point in the standardization of image compression techniques
Quantum Computation: An Introduction
No full textQuantum computers may provide a significant speed increase over classical computation. In order to fully exploit quantum computation, we need to have a firm mathematical understanding of quantum computation at its smallest level, the qubit. By thinking of qubits as complex projective spaces, we are able to establish a clear mathematical conception of qubits. This understanding will be\ud
illustrated via Grover’s Algorithm
Contraction Hierarchies
No full textOptimization of route planning is essential to everyday tasks such as planning trips and traffic simulation. In order to optimize routes in large graphs such as transportation networks, an algorithm must be able to quickly find the shortest path from some source to a specified destination. The contraction hierarchy algorithm is a proposed solution to optimization of route planning. This algorithm has two stages: the first stage consists of ordering the nodes by some importance and removing nodes according to their importance to create a graph in which the shortest paths between nodes are preserved. The second stage is the query in which a shortest path is calculated using a bidirectional Dijkstra search
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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