311 research outputs found
Phlugiolopsis yunnanensis Shi & Ou 2005
No full text5. Phlugiolopsis yunnanensis Shi & Ou, 2005 (Map. 1, Figs. 5, 12: I–J) Phlugiolopsis yunnanensis Shi & Ou, 2005: 359 –361. Type specimen: male; type locality: Jingping, Jingdong, Yunnan, China; location of type specimen: Museum of Hebei University. Rediscription. Basal area of female subgenital plate faintly broad, apical half slightly narrow, basal margin slightly excavate, baso-lateral margin expanded, tongue-shaped, curved dorsad; lateral margin strongly concave; posterior margin obtusely rounded. Material examined. Holotype: male, Jingping, Jingdong, Yunnan, 17 November 2003, collected by Xiao- Hong Ou. Paratypes: 1 male and 2 females, Wenlong, Jingdong, Yunnan, 10 November 2003, collected by Xiao- Hong Ou. Other specimens (conserved in alcohol): 1 male, Puʹer, Yunnan, 28 July 2007, collected by Fu-Ming Shi; 1 male, Puʹer, Yunnan, 26 August 2009, collected by Ming Qiu and Rui-Lian Li; 1 female, Taizhong, Jingdong, Yunnan, 18 August 2009, Ming Qiu and Rui-Lian Li; 1 male and 3 females, Dajie, Jingdong, Yunnan, 21 August 2009, collected by Ming Qiu and Rui-Lian Li. Distribution. China (Yunnan).Published as part of Bian, Xun, Shi, Fu-Ming & Chang, Yan-Lin, 2012, Review of the genus Phlugiolopsis Zeuner, 1940 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) from China, pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 3281 on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20992
Political brokerage of village leaders in post-reform China
No full textPh.D.The thesis examines the political role of village leaders in post-reform China. Apart from state agent and community representative in the existing literature, I argue that village leaders can also play a role of dual broker, who on the one hand help the state to penetrate the countryside and on the other hand represent peasants to make claims on the state. The dual brokerage model results from the institutional setting village leaders are embedded in. They are linked with the state and villagers via a variety of formal and informal institutions. Besides, agency of village leaders is highly relevant to the model. When the state and peasants are in conflicts, the brokers often need to take strategies to facilitate their bargaining so as to maintain the trust of both clients simultaneously. In this sense, state agent and community representative can be considered as the ineffective dual brokerage.Then, how to explain the effectiveness of the dual brokerage model? I argue that the tax reforms in the early 2000s have made the dual brokerage more likely to succeed, as the reforms changed the state-peasant relations from resource extraction to provision. When villagers expect their leaders to deliver resources from the state, the leaders’ linkage with the state reinforces the linkage with the community. In this regard, the dual brokerage is less inherently conflicting and hence more effective.The research suggests that political brokerage could be an important mechanism to maintain political order in the Chinese countryside by facilitating the constructive bargaining between the state and peasants. Also, it sheds light on the improved state-peasant relations after the tax reforms. However, the relations are essentially more repressive for the peasantry. Finally, it brings our attention to the effects of the changing policy orientation in the Chinese countryside on rural politics.此論文探討改革開放以來中國村幹部扮演的政治角色。我認為除了文獻中提到的國家代理人和社區代言人，村幹部還可以充當雙重中介。他們一方面幫助國家完成任務，一方面代表村民向國家爭取權益。這種雙重中介模型是由村幹部所處的制度環境所決定的。通過各種正式與非正式制度，他們與國家和村民之間同時存在各種連結。除此之外，村幹部的能動性對這一模型也至關重要，因為當國家和農民發生衝突的時候，他們往往需要採取各種策略來促成兩者的討價還價，進而同時維繫他們對自己的信任。在這一意義上，國家代理人和社區代言人可以被視為無效的雙重中介。那么，如何解釋雙重中介模型的有效性？研究認為二十一世紀初的稅費改革導致雙重中介更加有可能成功。這是因為稅費改革後，國家不再向農民收取稅費，反而向他們輸入資源。當農民期望村幹部從國家獲取更多的資源，村幹部與國家的聯結則可以強化他們與社區的聯結。這減少了雙重中介模型的內在衝突，因而提高其有效性。這一研究表明雙重中介模型是維繫中國農村穩定的一個重要機制。並且，它也解釋了為何稅費改革之後國家-農民關係變得更加穩定。然而這種關係對於農民來說並非絕對有益，因為它實質上更加壓制了農民的反抗。最後，研究也呼籲學者更多關注中國農村不斷變遷的政策導向對於鄉村政治的影響。Liu, Jingping."November 2019."Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2020.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-127).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 12, April 2021)
Experimental and modeling study on the transient flow and time-dependent yield stress of superfine-tailings cemented paste backfill
No full textThe fresh superfine-tailings cemented paste backfill (SCPB) exhibits strong thixotropy, but quantification of the resulting transient flow (non-steady state) and time-dependent yield stress is lacking. In this study, a simple qualitative model was developed to describe the transient flow and time-dependent yield stress of SCPB. The effect of pre-shear time on the rheological behavior of SCPB was investigated. In addition, the adaptability of conventional non-Newtonian rheological models to SCPB was also evaluated. The results showed the Herschel-Bulkley model provides the most stable dynamic yield stress estimation of SCPB compared to the Bingham and modified Bingham models. A longer pre-shear time (within 500 s) led to smaller initial static yield stress and delayed recovery kinetics of static yield stress, but hardly affected the steady state of SCPB and the time required to reach it. The proposed model provides a good quantification of the transient flow at a given shear rate and time-dependent yield stress of SCPB.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineerin
Pyroptosis-Related Molecular Clusters and Immune Infiltration in Pediatric Sepsis
No full textMingxin Lin,1,* Chenxi Li,1,* Ye Wang,1 Jingping Liu,2 Huiming Ye1 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jingping Liu, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15950530983, Email [email protected] Huiming Ye, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Key Clinical Specialty of Laboratory Medicine, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University and Associate Professor of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 10 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-592-2662071, Email [email protected]: Pediatric sepsis is a complex and heterogeneous condition resulting from a dysregulated immune response to infection. Pyroptosis, a newly recognized form of programmed cell death, has been implicated in the progression of various inflammatory diseases. However, the role of pyroptosis-related genes in pediatric sepsis remains unclear.Methods: Based on the GSE13904 dataset, we explored the pyroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in pediatric sepsis. We analyzed the molecular clusters based on pyroptosis-related DEGs. The WGCNA algorithm was performed to identify cluster-specific DEGs. The optimal machine model was identified by multiple machine learning methods (RF, SVM, GLM, XGB). The diagnostic value of hub genes in pediatric sepsis was verified in the training (GSE13904) and validation set (GSE26440) through ROC. qRT-PCR was used to verify the expression levels of 5 hub genes in whole blood between the pediatric sepsis and the control.Results: The dysregulated pyroptosis-related DEGs were identified in pediatric sepsis. Three pyroptosis-related molecular clusters were determined in pediatric sepsis. SVM presented the best discriminative performance with relatively lower residual and root mean square error. The nomogram, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis indicated the accuracy of SVM model to predict pediatric sepsis. 5 hub genes based on SVM presented satisfactory performance in the training and validation sets. These hub genes expression levels in pediatric sepsis were significantly higher than those in healthy controls in clinical samples.Conclusion: Our study systematically analyzed the relationship between pyroptosis and pediatric sepsis, and constructed a promising predictive model to evaluate the risk of pediatric sepsis.Keywords: pediatric sepsis, pyroptosis, molecular clusters, immune infiltration, machine learning, prediction mode
First-principles investigations of arsenate doping into the ettringite lattice
No full textHazardous wastes are commonly immobilized using cementitious materials. Ettringite (Ca6Al2(OH)12(SO4)3∙26H2O) is one of the main components of hydrated cement and is known to stabilize anionic species. Thus, it is a promising material for the stabilization of arsenate (As(V)) in cementitious waste streams. However, the effects of As(V) incorporation into the ettringite structure on the structural properties of As and ettringite remain unclear. Herein, As(V) doping into the structure of ettringite was investigated based on the first-principles calculations using density functional theory (DFT), and the results suggested that the mechanism involving the substitution of AsO4 3− by SO4 2− was energetically favorable and that As doping increased the total bond order of ettringite, leading to a more stable structure. The elastic properties and anisotropy of ettringite and As-doped ettringite were also investigated using DFT calculations. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the As-doped ettringite structure were stable according to Born's criterion. Moreover, As doping increased the elastic constants and elastic modulus of ettringite but reduced its elastic anisotropy. These results provide valuable insights into the long-term stabilization of As species and their migration in cementitious wastes.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineerin
Increasing arsenic immobilization capacity of a binder prepared by arsenic-containing biohydrometallurgy waste: Effects of ferric/ferrous salts addition
No full textThe aim of this study was to improve the immobilization capacity of a binder prepared from As-containing biohydrometallurgy waste (BAW) on arsenic (As) by modifying it with ferric/ferrous salts. The study investigated the chemical fractions of As and its leaching characteristics. Results indicated that the addition of ferric/ferrous salts significantly reduced the mid acido-soluble fraction of As, resulting in decreased As leaching. Among the four ferric/ferrous salts studied, ferrous sulfate (FeS2) performed the best, with only 0.5 wt% of FeS2 achieving satisfactory results. The influence of ferric/ferrous salts on the strength development and reaction products were also investigated. Although the incorporation of ferric/ferrous salts reduced As leaching, it also decreased the early age compressive strength of BAW. Ferric salts had a more significant impact on the strength evolution. In addition, the mechanism of Fe species on As stability using density function theory calculation was explored. Results suggested that As species could be adsorbed on the surface of Fe species through strong covalent bonds. Overall, the study demonstrated that modifying BAW using ferric/ferrous salts could effectively reduce As leaching. However, the decrease in strength especially at the early ages must be taken into consideration when using this method.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineerin
Sediment dynamics study in the source-to-sink process through the Gaoping river-sea system
No full textThe complex interplay between tectonic and climate activities shapes the Earth\ue2s surface and produces large amounts of sediments conveying from land to the sea. Therefore, more than 20 billion tons of sediments is exported to the ocean each year. There is approximately 70% of the global fluvial sediment discharge from the orogens in southern Asia and high-standing islands fringing the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The contribution by small mountainous rivers (SMR) to the world ocean\ue2s sediment budget in this region, although significant, has often been underestimated. Therefore, the research in the sediment dynamics is necessary for evaluating the sediment budget from SMR to the basin.
The Gaoping River (GPR) has high sediment yield whose ranking is the 12th in the world and connects to the head of the Gaoping Submarine Canyon (GPSC) just 1 km apart. Moreover, the GPSC cuts through the Gaoping shelf and slope and merges into the Manila Trench which eventually links to the South China Sea. Therefore, this dispersal system is an ideal play for studying the dynamics of the source-to sink (S2S) processes.
This dissertation presents field investigations in the GPR estuary, hypopycnal plume area, and GPSC. Because of the complexity of the GPR-GPSC dispersal system, multidiscipline and different approaches were adopt in the different region in the system. In the estuary and the plume area, both temporal and spatial schemes were conducted to measure the hydrodynamic, hydrographic, water samples, and sediment samples. In the GPSC, three sediment trap moorings with CTD, OBS, and ADCP were deployed during the dry, flood season, and after the typhoon, respectively.
In the estuary, the interaction between river flow and tidal oscillation produces two layered circulation which flows downstream in the top-core layer and upstream in the near bed layer. A dynamic sediment barrier was found in the lower reach of the estuary. Except extreme floods, river effluents spread over the coast seawater through the hypopycnal processes. Most effluent sediments transport along the coastal jet and deposit in the coastal or near-shore ocean. In the GPSC, canyons, major sediment transport and rapid sediment deposition occur in the benthic nepheloid layer (BNL). Sediments in the hyperpycnal plume are trapped in the head region of the submarine canyon during the normal condition and flow down the canyon conduit to the deep basin during extreme floods. We also captured the warm water and suspended sediment carried by passing turbidity currents that originated in the adjacent GPR
On a generalization of Archimedean copula family
No full textThis paper introduces a new family of multivariate copula functions defined by two generators, which is a multi-dimensional extension of the bivariate copula presented in Durante et al. (2007a). The copula family is also a generalization of Archimedean copula family to allow for tail dependence. The probabilistic structure of the copula function is given. Some properties of the copula function are discussed, such as multivariate tail dependence and uniqueness. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.National Natural Science Foundation of China [11561047, 11671021]SCI(E)ARTICLE121-12912
A sliding wear model and its application to heat exchanger tube wear
No full textThe objective of this study is to quantitatively determine wear and its main parameter
relationships for heat exchanger tube wear. A model has been proposed.
The literature of the current state of heat exchanger tube wear study, wear mechanisms,
and wear models were reviewed.
Tube/disc sliding wear tests were conducted with an impact-fretting testing rig
incorporated with an advanced control system and an accurate data acquisition system. These
ensured that the test results are reliable. The relationships between wear and normal load, wear
and sliding distance, wear and frictional work were determined.
Advanced surface analysis techniques were used to better understand the heat exchanger
tube wear problem. It was found that the roughness and its standard deviation of the tube and the
disc were much the same after wear, but surface roughness was neither directly related to the
sliding distance nor to the normal load. Plastic deformation was observed. Oxidation became an
important mechanism for carbon steel disc/Incoloy tube combination even at room temperature.
Based on the experimental results obtained, it was found that the dynamic model by Lin
and Cheng was quite suitable for the heat exchanger tube wear. The calculated results
satisfactorily matched the test results. This model has been extented to calculate tube wear depth.Applied Science, Faculty ofMechanical Engineering, Department ofGraduat
Zhongguo nong cun de tu di kang zheng yu dui zhong yang de zheng zhi xin ren: yi Songtang shi jian wei li = Resistance to land expropriation in rural China and political trust in the center : a case study of the Songtang Incident.
No full text研究以湖南省松糖事件为例，分析中国农民的抗征地对中央政府信任的影响。研究认为，征地形式、上访过程获取的信息及其上访结果都会影响对中央的信任水平。具体来说，研究有三个主要观点：第一，相比公共项目征地、参与式征地和不威胁生存安全的征地，商业项目征地、命令式征地以及威胁生存安全的征地形式会更容易导致上访。在这些征地中，抗争者提出的诉求由于超越了相关的政策法律因此很难得到地方政府的满足。第二，上访过程中农民对中央信任的变化分为三个阶段：首先，抗争者将中央与其以下政府区别开来，并对中央保持着高水平的信任；接着，多次的进京上访使抗争者获取了有关中央的信息，包括中央已经了解了他们的问题并且这些问题值得重视；最后，失败的抗争结果导致对中央能力和意图的信任同时下降。第三，对中央信任的下降并不一定会导致公民选举要求的提出，这是因为传统的政治文化和无效的村庄选举使农民的政治效能感维持在低水平。Drawing on the data from the Song-tang incident in Hunan province, the research examines the influences of resistance to land expropriation in rural China on political trust in the central government. The study argues that forms of land expropriation, information gained through petitioning and outcomes of petitioning have influences on trust in the center. Specifically, there are three main arguments. Firstly, compared with land expropriation for public use, in participatory manners, and without negative influences on living security, land expropriation for commercial use, in imperative manners, and with negative influences on living security is more likely to cause petitioning. In the three forms of land expropriation, claims are hardly satisfied by local governments since they have surpassed the state rules. Secondly, during petitioning trust in the center changes in three phases: at the beginning, resisters distinguish the center from lower-level governments and retain high-level trust in the center. Secondly, activists gain increasing information about the center during times of petitioning to Beijing. They realize that the center has known their grievances, which are also worth its attention. Finally, failure of resistances results in decline of trust in the center’s capacity as well as trust in its commitment. Thirdly, the declined trust in the center does not necessarily imply the demand for popular elections. Due to traditional political culture and ineffective village elections, political efficacy of the farmers remains at a low level.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.劉靜平.Parallel title from English abstract.Thesis (M.Phil.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-65).Abstracts also in English.Liu Jingping
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