1,721,005 research outputs found
Grab-Carry-Release: Virtually Placing Physical Objects in a Real Scene through a Smartphone with a RGB-D Camera
No full textThis paper presents a novel interaction for Handheld Augmented Reality, Grab-Carry-Release, to allow users to communicate visually and experiment with the placement of physical objects in a real scene in situ through smartphones.
In the Grab-Carry-Release process, a user first grabs a physical object on the touchscreen of a smartphone to reconstruct a virtual copy of the object on the fly, then carries it by moving the smartphone, and finally releases it at the target location. To achieve this, a RGB-D camera is attached to the smartphone in order to capture the geometry and appearance of the object simultaneously with a contour tracking and model reconstruction pipeline. The RGB-D camera is also used for locating the reconstructed virtual model with its surrounding physical environment. In addition, possible usage scenarios for in-situ AR interaction and in-situ & remote mobile AR collaboration are developed. Finally, a user study is conducted to gather user feedbacks for future improvement of the proposed interactions
Study on a novel dsRNA virus isolated from the white root rot fungus, Rosellinia necatrix Prillieux, W89
No full text由白紋羽病菌 (Rosellinia necatrix Prillieux) 所引起之白紋羽病，為常見之植物根腐病害。此病原菌 (無性世代為Dematophora necatrix Prilleux）在分類上屬子囊菌炭角菌科，Rosellinia屬。其寄主範圍廣泛，台灣地區之發病記錄有七種，包括枇杷、梨樹、桃樹、蘋果、櫻花、葡萄、茶樹等。病株受感染後由根部開始枯死進而全株凋萎，以往使用土壤灌注方法施予藥劑雖可達到一定的防治效果，但長期使用化學藥劑除成本高昂外，更對環境造成沉重負擔，故有開發其他低環境負荷防治方法的必要。約有20%之白紋羽病菌帶有雙股核醣核酸(dsRNA)，且dsRNA具使病原菌弱毒化之潛力。本研究自白紋羽病菌分離株W89中純化dsRNA及病毒顆粒，以建立cDNA library對其基因組進行完整定序。究結果顯示，白紋羽病菌W89分離株帶有含四個segment之dsRNA基因組(RnV-W89)，其電泳形式與Chrysoviridae之成員相似，但相對分子量較現知之Chrysovirus為大。對cDNA進行全序列解讀，四股dsRNA之分子大小分別4942、4353、4099與3685bp，依序命名為RNA1、RNA2、RNA3、RNA4，各含一較長之opne reading frame (ORF)，預測轉譯產物分別為1602、1356、1310及1061aa之蛋白質。一步對各序列進行分析，RNA3之轉譯產物序列中帶有RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP)之GDD motif，以BLASTp與資料庫中其他胺基酸進行比對，其與尚未確定分類地位之dsRNA病毒， 如Amasya cherry disease-associated mycovirus和Cherry chlorotic rusty spot associated totiviral-like dsRNA 4有較高相似度；其他ORF則未發現與資料庫中現存之胺基酸有顯著的相似性。大多數的病毒分子一般，RnV-W89中之四股dsRNA分子，在5’-與3’-非轉譯區 (untranslated region, UTR)具有序列保守性，分別為5’-(-ACGAAT) 及(TACATGAGAATATT--)-3’。其次於ORF5’上游領域亦保有(CAA)n之重複性序列；值得注意的是此(CAA)n序列與存在於植物病毒tobamoviruses 5’非轉譯區中之增強子有相似之處。純化病毒顆粒之結果，於掃描式電子顯微鏡下可觀察到直徑約48 nm之球狀病毒顆粒；SDS-PAGE分析純化之蛋白質，CBB染色後可見110、100、75及63 kDa等訊號。合以上結果，於R. necatrix W89分離株所發現之dsRNA為新種之真菌病毒，目前尚未能確定其分類定位。未來需進一步對其基因組進行功能性分析，以探討此病毒在生物防治上的潛力。White root rot is one of the most devastating, worldwide distributed diseases particularly in fruit trees. It is caused by a soilbrone ascomycetous fungus, osellinia necatrix Prillieux. To avoid the widespread and attack of this fungus on target plants, a control by drenching 50 to 200 L of fungicide per tree can be achieved. However, it is very labor intensive and raises environmental concerns about soil pollution. It is an attempt of developing environmentally-friendly novel management methods for controlling this phytophathogen, such as using dsRNA mycovirus to reduce the virulence of fungus.n this study, the biological and molecular properties on dsRNA isolated fromR. necatrix strain, W89 (RnV-W89) were characterized. RnV-W89 contained four segments of double-stranded (ds) RNA, namely RNA1, RNA2, RNA3 and RNA4. Complementary DNA were cloned and the terminal sequences of each segments were determined by using 3’RNA ligase mediated rapid amplification of the cDNA ends (3’RLM-RACE). The full length of each segment had the size of 4942, 4353, 4099 and 3685 bp, with the deduced amino acids of 1602, 1356, 1310 and 1061 aa, respectively. blastp homology search revealed that the ORF of RNA3 encodes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase（RdRP）that had low levels of sequence identity to the unassigned viruses, such as Amasya cherry disease-associated mycovirus and Cherry chlorotic rusty spot associated totiviral-like dsRNA 4. No significant sequence similarity was found between the deduced amino acid sequences coded by the other ORFs of RnV-W89 and the known protein sequences.s most viruses in having strictly conserved region at their 5’- and 3’- terminal sequences of genome(s) for replication, the genome of RnV-W89 showed sequence similarities between the four segments at their 5’ and 3’ untranslated region (UTR). Moreover, a second region of strong sequence similarity contained a reiteration of the unique sequence “CAA”. These (CAA)n repeats were similar to the enhancer elements presented at the 5’ UTRs of tobamoviruses. The purified viral particles had a size about 48 nm in diameter. SDS-PAGE analysis of the purified virus particles showed that the main bands had the approximate sizes of 110, 100, 75 and 63 kDa. hese results showed that four dsRNA segments of RnV-W89 were likely to be the genome segments of a novel mycovirus with a divided dsRNA genome. The present study provides the basic characteristics of dsRNA of RnV-W89. To ascertain the competence as a virocontrol agent of this virus, further studies are necessary.目錄辭 I錄 II表目錄 IV文摘要 Vbstract VII、 前言 1、 材料及方法 7. 供試菌株培養 7. dsRNA之製備 7.1. dsRNA之少量抽取 7.2. 以DNase 與S1 Nuclease處理dsRNA 7. Nuclease assay 8. cDNA library的建立 9.1. dsRNA之純化 9.2. cDNA合成 9.3. cDNA片段之選殖 10. cDNA library之篩選及定序 10.1. 以細胞裂解法（Cell cracking method）篩選轉型株 10.2. 以商業套組小量抽取及回收質體DNA 11.3. 以限制酵素酵解確認insert size 11.4. 基因序列定序 11. 北方雜合分析 12.1. DIG probe合成 12.2. Northern blotting 13. dsRNA末端之決定 13.1. RLM-RACE反應 13.2. 含RLM-RACE片段之選殖 16. 病毒顆粒的純化 18.1. 病毒顆粒之純化 18.2. SDS-PAGE分析 18.3. SDS-phenol法抽取病毒dsRNA 19.4. 以穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察病毒顆粒 19、 結果 20. dsRNA的少量抽取與RQ1 DNase 與S1 Nuclease之處理 20. cDNA library的建立 20. RNA Ligase-Mediated Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends（RLM-RACE） 21. 北方雜合分析 21. 序列分析 22. 病毒顆粒的純化 24、 討論 26、 參考文獻 54、 附錄 6
Micronization of Organic Drugs and Discussion of Shape Changes by Microemulsion and Antisolvent System
No full text針對難溶於水或生體利用率低的有機藥物而言，可以藉由微粒化這個直接又安全的方式，來增加藥物的表面積，以提高其在人體中的溶解速率，並達到提升生體利用率的功效。故本研究擬利用微乳液系統－改變溫度製程與溶劑擴散製程，來做有機藥物Mitotane、Glybenclamide (GBM)及Warfarin的微粒化作業。並進一步研究，在不同系統中，藉由系統組成的改變、操作條件與手法的改變或添加劑的加入等等，對於再結晶藥物晶貌與大小上的影響。 對於Mitotane而言，研究發現藉由water / butyl lactate / lecithin-ethanol / taurodeoxycholic acid sodium salt hydrate (TDC)，oil in water (O/W)微乳液－溶劑擴散製程使藥物再結晶時，可以得到大小在1*0.4-3*2微米之間的產物(原藥大小50*30-200*80微米)，經由溶解速率測試發現，在第五分鐘時，溶離比率比起原始藥物提升了4.81倍，同時溶解速率常數kW值也提高了7.54倍。此外也完成了water / benzyl alcohol / sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)三成分系統在不同溫度下(10oC-60oC)的三相圖，並同時發現利用此(O/W)微乳液－改變溫度製程或溶劑擴散製程使藥物再結晶時，可以藉由改變微乳液組成，提高界面活性劑SDS的濃度來使再結晶藥物的晶貌從柱狀轉變為塊狀。 對於Glybenclamide (GBM)而言，研究發現藉由cyclohexane / dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) / dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT)，water in oil (W/O)逆微乳液－改變溫度製程使藥物再結晶時，可以得到0.3*0.2-1*1微米之間的產物(其中300nm-500nm的佔大多數)(原藥大小15*10-100*70微米)，經由溶解速率測試發現，在第五分鐘時，溶離比率比起原始藥物提升了6.51倍，同時溶解速率常數kW值也提高了10.01倍。此外也發現，在反溶劑製程中，藉由添加劑Tw80的加入，可以明顯提高微粒化的效果。 對於Warfarin而言，研究發現藉由water / benzyl alcohol / sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)，(O/W)微乳液－改變溫度製程使藥物再結晶時，可以得到大部分為0.8*0.7-4*3微米之間的塊狀產物(有少部分較大柱狀存在) (原藥大小20*5-100*30微米)，經由溶解速率測試發現，在第五分鐘時，溶離比率比起原始藥物提升了1.78倍，同時溶解速率常數kW值也提高了13.29倍。For poor solubility in water or lower bioavailability organic drugs, micronization is one of the most direct and safe way to increase the surface area in order to enhance the dissolution rate and bioavailability of the drugs in body. So in this research, we want to us microemulsion system－temperature changing process and solvent diffusion process to micronize organic drugs of mitotane、Glybenclamide (GBM) and warfarin. Further, we want to research the effects of recrystalized drugs’ shape and size by changing system composition, operating conditions and adding extra addition. or mitotane, we can get 1*0.4-3*2micrometer products by water / butyl lactate / lecithin-ethanol / taurodeoxycholic acid sodium salt hydrate (TDC), oil in water (O/W) microemulsion－solvent diffusion process (original drug：50*30-200*80 micrometer). By dissolution rate test, we find the dissolution rate of products increase 4.81 times at 5 mins and the dissolution rate coefficient (kW) increase 7.54 times. In addition, we finish the phase diagram of water / benzyl alcohol / sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) system at 10oC-60oC. And we find that when we use this (O/W) microemulsion－temperature changing process or solvent diffusion process to recrystalize the drugs, we can make the products’ shape change from needlelike to lump by changing system composition－increasing the concentration of surfactant SDS.or Glybenclamide (GBM), we can get 0.3*0.2-1*1 micrometer products (mostly in 300-500nm) by cyclohexane / dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) / dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT), water in oil (W/O) microemulsion－temperature changing process(original drug：15*10-100*70 micrometer). By dissolution rate test, we find the dissolution rate of products increase 6.51 times at 5 mins and the dissolution rate coefficient (kW) increase 10.01 times. Furthermore, we find that in antisolvent process we can effectively decrease the particle size by adding extra material－Tw80. or warfarin, we can get mostly 0.8*0.7-4*3 micrometer products by water / benzyl alcohol / sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), (O/W) microemulsion－temperature changing process (original drug：20*5-100*30 micrometer). By dissolution rate test, we find the dissolution rate of products increase 1.78 times at 5 mins and the dissolution rate coefficient (kW) increase 13.29 times.致謝 II要 IIIbstract V錄 VII目錄 X目錄 XI 一章 緒論 1二章 文獻回顧 4-1有機藥物微粒化之目的與重要性 4-2有機藥物微粒化之技術 4-3微乳液系統之再結晶技術 5-3-1藉由改變溫度的方式使藥物再結晶 6-3-2藉由溶劑擴散的方式使藥物再結晶 6-4利用微乳液系統合成奈米微粒的機制 7-5 water / benzyl alcohol / SDS 三相圖 8-6溶解速率測試 8三章 實驗設備及方法 13-1實驗藥品 13-1-1目標藥物 13-1-2其他藥品 14-2實驗方法與操作步驟 16-2-1不同溫度下water / benzyl alcohol / SDS三相圖量測 16-2-2藉由微乳液－改變溫度的製程使藥物再結晶 16-2-3藉由微乳液－溶劑擴散的製程使藥物再結晶 18-2-4藉由反溶劑製程使藥物再結晶 19-3實驗分析方法 20-3-1 SEM 20-3-2 XRD 20-3-3 DSC 21-3-4 Zetasizer Nano-ZS 21-3-5溶解速率測試 22四章 結果與討論 26-1不同溫度下water / benzyl alcohol / SDS三相圖量測 26-2 Mitotane的再結晶實驗 26-2-1藉由water / benzyl alcohol / SDS微乳液－改變溫度的製程使藥物再結晶 26a)微乳液組成的效應 27b)溫度的效應 27-2-2藉由water / benzyl alcohol / SDS微乳液－溶劑擴散的製程使藥物再結晶 28a)混和速度的效應 28b)微乳液組成的效應 28c)加水方式或添加水量的效應 29d)添加劑的效應 29-2-3藉由water / butyl lactate / lecithin-ethanol / TDC微乳液－溶劑擴散的製程使藥 29-2-4藉由反溶劑製程使藥物再結晶 30a)混和速度的效應 30b)添加劑的效應 30-2-5再結晶藥物之分析測試 31-3 GBM的再結晶實驗 32-3-1藉由cyclohexane / DMSO / AOT微乳液－改變溫度的製程使藥物再結晶 32-3-2藉由反溶劑製程使藥物再結晶 33a)反溶劑種類的效應 33b)藥物濃度的效應 34c)添加劑的效應 34-3-3再結晶藥物之分析測試 34-4 Wafarin的再結晶實驗 36-4-1藉由cyclohexane / DMSO / AOT微乳液－改變溫度的製程使藥物再結晶 36-4-2藉由water / benzyl alcohol / SDS微乳液－改變溫度的製程使藥物再結晶 36-4-3藉由反溶劑製程使藥物再結晶 36-4-4再結晶藥物之分析測試 36五章 結論 76考文獻 7
Studies of mitochondria-dysfunction induced signal transduction mechanism involved in the growth and death of PC12 cells
No full text粒線體在細胞中是重要的產能工廠，同時也調控著細胞內的代謝、離子平衡、老化及死亡等生理機制。因此，粒線體的功能若發生異常，在細胞的生理功能上往往會發生失序現象，甚至導致細胞死亡。對於神經細胞而言，粒線體的功能對於其生長及分化更是扮演著重要的角色。目前已有研究發現，粒線體功能喪失與氧化壓力會造成神經細胞退化及死亡，因而造成神經退化方面之疾病。五-氨基酮戊酸光動力效應 (ALA-PDT) 為一新興癌症治療方式，其作用為能夠選擇性地作用於粒線體產生氧化壓力，因而導致細胞的死亡。在本研究中我們利用五-氨基酮戊酸光動力效應做為一可特定造成粒線體傷害的工具，並採用老鼠嗜鉻細胞瘤 (Rat Pheochromocytoma cells, PC12 cells) 做為類似神經細胞之模式細胞株，探討PC12細胞在五-氨基酮戊酸光動力效應造成粒線體光傷害後，所誘發的訊息傳遞機轉及其死亡路徑為何？研究結果顯示，經由五-氨基酮戊酸光動力效應導致的粒線體受損造成PC12細胞生長週期停止，這一現象和p53、p21、p27等細胞週期調控因子表現量的增加有關。而在此一致壓效應下，發現PC12細胞的死亡伴隨著caspase活化，但抑制caspase的活性卻不影響其死亡，初步推論autophagy可能為其主要死亡途徑。在其他相關訊息調控因子中，我們發現細胞內MAPKs成員ERK、JNK、p38均被活化，其中JNK及p38的活化與促進細胞的死亡有關。另一方面，粒線體受損誘導PC12細胞活化Akt及AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase)，這些分子的活化與細胞死亡機制的調控有關。Mitochondria are intracellular organelles with a variety of vital functions, such as the provision of energy, cell metabolism, ion homeostasis, ageing, and death. Many evidences suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress results in neurodegeneration and neural death. 5- aminolevulinic acid mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT), which is a novel therapy for neoplasia, can specifically induce oxidative stress at mitochondria. In this study, ALA-PDT was used as a tool to damage the mitochondria of Rat Pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells). Then, the signaling cascades related to the damage repaired and death mechanism were addressed. Here we show that, in PC12 cells, mitochondrial dysfunctions induced by ALA-PDT suppress the cell progression cycle at G0/G1 phase. This cell-cycle arrest correlates with the increased expression of p53, p21 and p27. Although activation of caspase-3, -9 was found in PC12 cells following lethal dose of ALA-PDT, cell death was found in a caspase-independent manner. Further evidences revealed that autophagy might be the main death mechanism involved in ALA-PDT induced mitochondrial damage. Furthermore, activation of Akt, AMPK and MAPKs families (ERK, JNK and p38) were found in response to ALA-PDT induced mitochondrial photodamages. The cell survival will increase after the inhibition of JNK, p38 and AMPK. However, the activation of Akt were found to protect cells from ALA-PDT induced cell death.口試委員會審定書……………………………………………………i
中文摘要………………………………………………………………ii
英文摘要…………………………………………………………… iii
目錄………………………………………………………………… iv
縮寫表……………………………………………………………… v
第一章 緒論
1.1 粒線體………………………………………………………… 1
1.2 老鼠嗜鉻細胞瘤……………………………………………… 2
1.3 細胞死亡機轉………………………………………………… 3
1.4 細胞週期調控………………………………………………… 5
1.5 p53 protein………………………………………………… 8
1.6 MAPKs………………………………………………………… 8
1.7 Akt…………………………………………………………… 9
1.8 AMPK…………………………………………………………… 9
1.9 五胺基酮戊酸光動力效應…………………………………… 10
1.10 研究動機與目的…………………………………………… 13
第二章 材料與方法
2.1 藥品與儀器…………………………………………………… 15
2.2 供試細胞株…………………………………………………… 17
2.3 細胞計數……………………………………………………… 18
2.4 光動力處理…………………………………………………… 18
2.5 細胞存活率測定……………………………………………… 19
2.6 細胞凋亡測定………………………………………………… 19
2.7 LDH assay…………………………………………………… 21
2.8 流式細胞儀 (flow cytometry) 測定細胞週期…………… 21
2.9 西方點墨法 (Western blot) ……………………………… 22
2.10 統計方法…………………………………………………… 24
第三章 結果
3.1 粒線體受損對PC12細胞生長的影響……………………… 25
3.2 PC12細胞粒線體受光傷害後所導致之死亡機轉………… 27
3.3 粒線體受損對於PC12細胞內訊息調控之影響…………… 31
第四章 討論……………………………………………………… 39
第五章 結論……………………………………………………… 46
附圖一~十一……………………………………………………… 48
Figure 1- 19…………………………………………………… 59
參考文獻………………………………………………………… 8
An Innovative Pricing Strategy to Inroad Tripartite Equilibrium of Taiwan Mobile Phone Market
No full text這也許是一份對新進行動電話業者價值超過百億元的創造性論文。但也可能是使現有行動電話業者損失數百億元的破壞性論文。
本研究藉由重新解構行動電話業者的營收結構，引入一個突破性的概念：
【MT可以抵MO；接聽一分鐘，可以免費多打一分鐘】
透過不同的情境模擬分析，協助新進的行動電話業者具體地擬訂出一套創新的訂價策略，並期望藉由執行本研究所擬的建議套餐，真正突破台灣行動電話市場三強鼎立的競爭現況。
本研究探討新的訂價策略所帶來的破壞性創新，將對現有行動電話業者形成不對稱動機，使現有行動電話業者進退惟谷，進而對整體行動電話產業的營收與市佔率產生重大的影響。
本研究進一步探討現有行動電話業者面對此一破壞性的訂價策略時，所可能產生的策略思考，及可能採行的因應作為。
引用恩師 湯明哲教授的說法：面對此一新的訂價策略，現有的行動電話業者將先是「看不見」，認為小公司的策略比比皆是，不足為奇；接下來當新業者的策略開始運行後，現有業者是「看不起」，認為本身還很賺錢，目前的經營方式顛撲不破、金剛不壞；等到有些感受到威脅後，因為受到主導邏輯（Dominant Logic）的影響，開始「看不懂」到底怎麼回事；等到研究透徹後才發現「學不會」（因為跟進的損失太高了！），最後當然是「打不過」，只好眼睜睜地看著市場被新業者瓜分。這就是既有業者面對破壞性創新時的標準宿命。
本研究最後探討新的訂價策略對整體消費者利益的影響，得出消費者負擔的增減，將會是決定新套餐是否可行？以及現有行動電話業者是否跟進？的關鍵所在。Perhaps this is a creative thesis that is worth more than billion NT dollars for new mobile operator. But or the destructive thesis that make existing mobile operator lose tens of billion NT dollars.
This research will get a brand-new pricing strategy by decomposing the pricing scheme of mobile operator: [Answer one minute, can dial one minute free.] Analysis through different situation simulations, helping the mobile operator to work out a innovative price strategies. We expect to be able to break through the tripartite equilibrium of Taiwan mobile phone market
The destructive innovation of new pricing strategies will form the asymmetric motivation to existing mobile operators, make them in a dilemma situation, changing the market share and making a great influence to whole mobile telecommunication industry.
This research discussed the thoughts and action plans of existing mobile operators when them faces such a destructive pricing strategy.
Quoted from the advisor, Professor Tang's statement: In the face of this destructive pricing strategy, the existing mobile operator will be first ' not to see ', it is not at all surprising to think that tactics of the little company can be found everywhere; And then after beginning to run in tactics of the new company, the existing mobile operator is ' scorn for ', think he still makes money very much, the present type of operation is irrefutable. After some experience and threaten, because of influencing by “Dominant Logic”, finally what is the matter at the beginning 'unable to understand'; Find 'unable to learn' after study thoroughly (because losses followed up are too high!), It is certainly that ' unable to beat ' finally, have to helplessly see the market snatched away by the new company. This is standard destiny while the existing company faces the destructive innovation.
This research will discuss the impact of new pricing strategies on whole consumer's welfare finally, it is the key point that the new pricing strategies draw consumers’ load increased or reduced. That determines whether the new pricing strategies are executable or not? Will the existing mobile operator follow up?目錄
口試委員會審定書…………………………………………………… i
誌謝……………………………………………………………………. ii
中文摘要……………………………………………………………… 1
英文摘要………………………………………………………………. 2
目錄……………………………………………………………………. 3
圖次……………………………………………………………………. 5
表次……………………………………………………………………. 6
第一章 緒論………………………………………….………….. 7
第一節 研究背景……………………………………………… 7
第二節 研究動機……………………………………………… 7
第三節 研究問題與目的……………………………………… 8
第四節 研究範圍及限制……………………………………… 8
第五節 研究方法、流程與架構……………………………… 9
第六節 名詞解釋……………………………………………… 10
第二章 文獻探討……………………………………….……….. 11
第一節 破壞性創新…………………………………………… 11
第二節 創新者的兩難………………………………………… 15
第三節 不對稱動機…………………………..……..………… 15
第三章 台灣行動電話市場概況…………………………….. 16
第一節 三強鼎立……………………………………………… 16
第二節 中華電信……………………………………………… 17
第三節 台哥大………………………………………………… 18
第四節 遠傳電信……………………………………………… 19
第四章 新進業者介紹…………………………………………….. 21
第一節 亞太行動……………………………………………… 21
第二節 大眾電信……………………………………………… 22
第三節 威寶電信……………………………………………… 23
第五章 創新的訂價策略…………………………………….. 24
第一節 電信收入結構分析…………………………………… 24
第二節 破壞性的想法………………………………………… 27
第三節 數值分析……………………………………………… 28
第四節 敏感度分析…………………………………………… 53
第六章 結論與建議…………………………………………….. 65
第一節 研究結論……………………………………………… 65
第二節 研究限制……………………………………………… 72
第三節 配套方案……………………………………………… 72
第四節 研究貢獻……………………………………………… 74
第五節 後續研究方向………………………………………… 74
參考文獻……………………………………………………….…… 7
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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