1,720,975 research outputs found
Shaping the Future of Fashion: A Research Companion
No full textThe book is a research-led companion for anyone seeking to understand how fashion futures are already being made. It brings together a curated collection of conceptual, empirical, and practice-based chapters that reflect fashion’s complexity while remaining grounded in rigorous and reflexive research.
Organised around four interconnected themes: Innovation, Ecosystem, Education, and Values, the book explores how technological change, circular systems, community practices, pedagogy, and ethics collectively shape fashion today. Chapters explore innovation as a multidimensional process, rethink fashion as a network of relationships, position education as a driver of systemic change, and foreground values such as justice, care, and cultural accountability. Across the volume, dominant narratives rooted in extractive, exclusionary, and short-term thinking are critically challenged.
Written in an accessible and engaging style, the book is designed for fashion educators, researchers, students, and practitioners who want to think critically while remaining oriented towards action. Each chapter analyses current transformations and offers future research agendas or critical questions to support reflection beyond the page. This book benefits readers by providing intellectual depth, global perspectives, and practical inspiration. It serves as both a snapshot of contemporary fashion research and a catalyst for shaping more inclusive, equitable, and sustainable fashion futures
The Wealth Effects of Horizontal and Vertical International Joint Ventures on US Announcers, Rivals, Suppliers, and Corporate Customers
No full text隨著全球化時代來臨，產業環境競爭日益激烈，各公司透過與外國夥伴結盟從事跨國經營，藉以提昇自身的全球競爭力。本論文以美國公司從事國際合資(international joint venture)為主軸，探討此一策略性投資對宣告公司本身、競爭對手和上下游的影響。此外，並將國際合資的型態，區分成水平與垂直國際合資(horizontal and vertical international joint venture)，依此區分兩種不同類型合資的動機和對競爭者與上下游之影響。
本論文採用事件研究法(event study)探討國際合資事件對股市表現的影響。實證結果發現，宣告公司成立垂直合資供應自己原料所需，一方面可能因而取代原有供應商，同時也展現跨足上游產業的能力，使得上游產業產生負面影響；下游顧客則因為上游在面臨宣告公司強大議價能力下可能採取的低投資行為(underinvestment)，使其遭受不利影響。然就水平合資而言，上游供應商和下游顧客則沒有顯著正向或負向表現。
本論文不同於過去文獻之處，一則將國際合資加以區分成水平與垂直型態，了解其背後動機。再者將研究範疇延伸至競爭對手和上下游的影響，使得研究更為完整，也更能了解公司合資策略影響範圍的全貌。The main objective of this paper is to test the value creation of horizontal and vertical international joint venture on US announcers, industry counterparts, suppliers, and corporate customers. I include American firms participating in international joint ventures during 1990-2003 in the sample. Then I distinguish horizontal and vertical international joint venture based on the relationship between US announcing companies and the venture established in America. An international joint venture is considered horizontal if US announcers share the same four-digit SIC codes with the venture. The definition of vertical international joint venture in my study is that US firms establish the venture in supplier industries that are identified by benchmark input-output accounts for the US economy.
The empirical results indicate that the difference between horizontal and vertical international joint venture. Both suppliers and customers in vertical international joint venture samples experience negative price effects during announcement period. However, there is not significant impact of horizontal international joint ventures on suppliers and customers. Finally, I conduct cross-sectional analysis to examine the relation between abnormal returns and some independent variables, such as the IJV industry structure, the competition of supplier industries, customer concentration, etc. I find evidence suggesting that if the industry is concentrated, the players in the industry will experience more wealth gains than those in a more competitive industry.I. Introduction 1
II. Motives and Gains of International Joint Ventures on
Announcing Firms, Rivals, Suppliers, and Corporate
Customers 5
(I) Horizontal International Joint Ventures 5
(II) Vertical International Joint Ventures 9
III. Data Sources 15
(I) International Joint Venture Sample 15
(II) Rivals, Suppliers, and Corporate Customers 18
III. Methodology and Empirical Results 24
(I) Calculating Announcement Period Abnormal Returns 24
(II) Empirical Results 24
IV. Cross-Sectional Analysis 53
(I) Regression of Abnormal Returns to Announcing Firms 53
(II) Regression of Abnormal Returns to Rivals 60
(III) Regression of Abnormal Returns to Suppliers 62
(IV) Regression of Abnormal Returns to Corporate Customers 64
V. Conclusion 68
Reference 7
Associations between Air Pollution and Daily Emergency Room Visits for Cardio-Respiratory Diseases
No full text許多研究指出暴露於微粒空氣污染物對死亡率有增加的情形，尤其對心臟血管疾病及肺部疾病的影響更是明顯，也有研究指出空氣污染物的暴露亦會增加急診求診率，但是極少研究探討微粒數量濃度以及微粒成分對健康的影響。本研究的目的為探討微粒數量濃度以及微粒成分與急診求診之相關。研究結合2004年1月1日至2008年8月31日國立臺灣大學醫學院附設醫院心肺疾病急診求診資料與空氣品質監測站資料（包括超級測站及一般空品測站），利用年份、月份及星期等時間變項，以及溫度、濕度、雨量等氣候變項，建立不同疾病不包含空氣污染物的基本模型(base model)，再利用廣義加法模型(generalized additive models, GAM）評估單一空氣污染物(single-pollutant)與多空氣污染物(multi-pollutant)從當日到前五日(lag 0-5 days)以及從當天與前一天的空氣污染物濃度平均值到當天與前四天的空氣污染物濃度平均值(2-day to 5-day moving average)對於心血管(國際疾病傷害及死因分類標準第九版ICD-9 codes: 390-459以及785)及呼吸道疾病(國際疾病傷害及死因分類標準第九版ICD-9 codes: 460-519以及786)急診求診情形的影響。研究結果是以每增加一個四分位數間距(interquartile range, IQR)的空氣污染物會增加多少急診求診的相對危險性來表示。分析所使用到的空氣污染物成分包括：PM10、PM2.5、硝酸鹽 (nitrate)、硫酸鹽 (sulfate)、黑碳 (black carbon)、有機碳 (organic carbon)以及元素碳 (element carbon)。在單一污染物模型(single-pollutant model)中顯示，微粒成分對於心血管疾病、呼吸道疾病的急診情形有顯著的影響(P < 0.05)。進一步利用多空氣污染物模型(multi-pollutant model) 校正一氧化碳(CO)與臭氧(O3)等氣狀污染物與PM10或PM2.5後發現，硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽、黑碳、有機碳以及元素碳與呼吸道急診有關，其最大相對危險性分別是1.025、1.025、1.023、1.031以及1.012。在心血管疾病方面則發現硫酸鹽、有機碳與元素碳與急診有關，最大相對危險性分別是1.020、1.061以及1.017。再將急診資料依據年齡分成孩童(0-14歲)、成年人(15-64歲)、老年人(> 65歲)等三組進行分析，發現硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽、黑碳、有機碳以及元素碳對成年人呼吸道疾病急診有顯著影響，最大相對危險性分別是1.031、1.043、1.037、1.050以及1.020。而硫酸鹽、有機碳與元素碳則對心血管疾病有影響，最大相對危險性為1.068、1.060以及1.036；在孩童方面，也發現硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽、黑碳、有機碳以及元素碳對呼吸道疾病急診的影響，最大相對危險性分別是1.036、1.020、1.030、1.046以及1.015；而在老年人只看到硝酸鹽與有機碳當天的濃度(lag 0 day)會增加心血管疾病急診的危險性，最大相對危險性為1.017以及1.050。硫酸鹽與有機碳則發現與老年人呼吸道疾病急診有關，最大相對危險性是1.045以及1.032。本研究結果顯示微粒的成份與心血管及呼吸道疾病急診危險性的增加有關，而且對成年人的影響較大。Many studies indicate that urban air pollution may increase the risk of mortality and mobility for cardio-respiratory diseases, but most of these studies focus on particulate matter mass concentrations. Epidemiological studies examined the impact of particulate matter number concentrations and components on health effects were very few. The objective of this study is to examine the association between particle number concentrations and particulate components and emergency room visits for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in Taipei metropolitan area. We linked the environmental data obtained from the Supersite in Sinjhuang and air monitoring stations in Taipei metropolitan area with emergency room visits for cardiovascular (ICD-9 codes: 390-459 and 785) and respiratory (ICD-9 codes: 460-519 and 786) diseases in National Taiwan University Hospital form 2004 January 1 to 2008 August 31. We first built base models for different diseases categories, including cardiovascular diseases and respiratory disease, without air pollution. The time-trend variables used in the base models included year, month and day-of-week. The meteorological variables included temperature, relative humidity and precipitation. Generalized additive models (GAM) were applied from lag 0 to 5 days and 2-day to 5-day moving average in our statistical analysis. Study results were expressed with relative risks (RRs) for an IQR (interquartile ranges) increase in each air pollutant. The particulate components analyzed in this study included nitrate, sulfate, black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC). Study results showed that particulate components were significantly associated with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in single-pollutant models. We adjusted the effects of gaseous pollutants, carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O3), and PM10 or PM2.5 together to build multi-pollutant models. The associations between nitrate, sulfate, BC, OC and EC and respiratory diseases were still observed. The maximum RRs for each pollutant were 1.025, 1.025, 1.023, 1.031and 1.012, respectively. But for cardiovascular diseases, the associations were only found for sulfate, OC and EC with the maximum RRs were 1.020, 1.061 and 1.017. We further divided emergency room visits into three age groups, children (age 0-14 years), adults (age 15-64 years) and elderly (age above 65 years), to examine the effects of components. Nitrate, sulfate, BC, OC and EC were associated with emergency room visits for respiratory disease in adults group. The maximum RRs were 1.031, 1.043, 1.037, 1.050 and 1.020, respectively. For cardiovascular diseases in adults, the relations were only found in sulfate, OC and EC with the maximum RRs were 1.068, 1.060 and 1.036. In children, the associations between particles components and respiratory diseases were observed. The maximum RRs for nitrate, sulfate, BC, OC and EC were 1.036, 1.020, 1.030, 1.046 and 1.015. However, the impacts of particles components on cardiovascular diseases for elderly were only observed at lag 0 day for nitrate and OC. The maximum RRs were 1.017 and 1.050. Sulfate and OC were found increase the risk of respiratory diseases with the maximum RRs were 1.045 and 1.032. Those results indicate that particulate components have important influence on emergency room visits for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and the stronger effects were observed in adults group.第1章 前言 1.1 文獻回顧 1.1.1. 微粒重量濃度與健康效應的相關流行病學研究 1.1.2. 微粒數量濃度與健康效應的相關流行病學研究 3.1.3. 微粒成分與健康效應的相關流行病學研究 4.1.4. 氣狀空氣污染物與健康效應的相關流行病學研究 6.2. 研究目的 72章 材料與方法 8.1. 研究架構 8.2. 環境資料來源 9.3. 急診資料來源 11.4. 統計分析 133章 研究結果 17.1. 環境監測資料與急診資料描述 17.2. 基本模型的建立 26.2.1. 心血管疾病 26.2.2. 呼吸道疾病 27.3. 空氣污染物及急診求診之相關 29.3.1. 微粒數量濃度與微粒成分的單一污染物模型 29.3.2. 微粒成分的多污染物模型 34.3.3. 微粒成分對於不同年齡層的影響 394章 討論 575章 參考文獻 6
The Effects of Short-Term Air Pollution Exposure on Blood Pressure Changes in Nonsmoking Adults
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
