1,720,967 research outputs found
The adoption of Confucianism in medieval Japan -focusing on The Contents of the 99 Codes of Conduct of Takeda Nobushige
No full text從鐮倉時代起，因著武家政權的成立，武士在日本中世社會內扮演著主導性的地位。而新興的武士階層為了留給其子孫教訓，或是規範家臣團，而開始撰寫家訓。進入戰國時代後社會激劇變化，因此為了使其家族適應生存於戰亂的環境而製作家訓的武士也隨之增多。另一方面，被稱為新佛教的禪宗的其中一支派臨濟宗於鐮倉時代時傳來日本，成為武士思想的主體並在武士間被廣為信仰，而當時日本的禪僧在思想上其實是「儒佛合一」式。進入戰國時代後，武將們發現到在戰亂之世生存時人格修養的實用性及其必要性，因而武將們拜禪僧為師，藉由儒學及禪學培養其人格修養。而在戰國時代的家訓中，儒學影響最深者即為甲斐武田家的大名武田信玄 （晴信）之弟武田信繁所撰寫的「武田信繁九十九條家訓」。
本論文以甲斐武田家為中心，探討武田信玄的中國觀及「武田信繁九十九條家訓」之內容，辨明信繁家訓內所引用之儒學經典之原點。另外透過篩選出家訓內引用了『論語』的條文，比較家訓條目本文及引用文之內容，藉由條目本文及引用文原典意義上的落差，以及以上條目中所包含的內容，考察當時甲斐武田家所受到的儒學影響的實態。從「信繁家訓」所反映出來的武田信繁的思想，再加上戰國時代的社會背景，可以看出戰國時代武士為了保存其家業而積極吸收儒學的態度。During the Kamakura period, due to the rise of the samurai government, samurais gained leading roles in the political rulings of medieval Japan. Samurais, as new elites, began to compose family precepts for the upbringing and ruling of their offsprings and vassals. In the Sengoku period, Japan went through severe social-political changes, causing more and more samurais to compose family precepts, hoping to guide their family through the difficult political environment. Meanwhile, the “Rinzai school” Buddism, a branch of the Zen sect of Buddhism, was introduced to Japan as “New Buddism” during the Kamakura period. The Rinzai school soon constructed the main beliefs in medieval Bushido, and was widely embraced by samurais. At that time, the mainstream discipline followed by Japanese monks was actually a mixture of Confucianism and Buddism. In the Sengoku period, samurais began to realize the pragmatical importance of the culturing of honor and virtue. Many of them then studied under Zen monks for the teachings of Confucianism and Buddism. Among all family precepts from the Sengoku period, the one most influenced by Confucianism was "The 99 codes of conduct of Takeda Nobushige," written by Takeda Nobushige, brother of the leader of the Takeda clan in Kai Province, Takeda Shingen (Harunobu).
This thesis explores the medieval Japanese interpretation of Confucianism by discussing the thoughts and beliefs of the Kai-Takeda brothers, with focuses on Takeda Shingen’s understanding of Chinese culture and the contents of The 99 codes of conduct of Takeda Nobushige. Quotes from the Analects of Confucius in “The 99 codes” were compared with the main teachings of Takeda Nobushige. Differences between Takeda Nobushige’s interpretation of the Analects of Confucius and its original meanings, along with the contents of Takeda’s teaching, reflect the Confucian influence on the Kai-Takeda clan. When placed in the social-political background of the Sengoku period, the thoughts and beliefs of the Takeda brothers indicate the assertive attitute samurais of the Sengoku period hold towards adopting Confucianism
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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