1,720,965 research outputs found
The Dilemma of Developing Renewable Energy in Taiwan -A Wind Power Case Study
No full text發展風力發電為國際趨勢，且台灣具有發展風力發電的潛力。自1998年我國開始推動再生能源，然在風力發電尚未有經濟效益時，須藉政府的政策性的獎勵始能發展。受各方利益團體的影響，「再生能源發展條例」的立法延宕多年，因此本研究擬從再生能源產業的政府管制著手，分析風力發電廠商於立法院與市場中的競租活動及其影響。
2009年4月德商英華威風力發電廠商曾以再生能源發展條例草案立法延宕為由計劃撤資，此條例不久於同年7月通過。依據此條例，台電公司應躉購再生能源廠商所生產之電力，然而英華威再因不滿經濟部能源局訂定的再生能源電能躉購費率過低，再次提出撤資。
因此，本研究分析比較英華威與台電之風力發電成本。研究結果顯示，台電風力發電之期初設置成本與年運轉維護費用的設定均較英華威為低。原因其一，在於台電同時採取兩種以上之發電方式，因資源共用可減少發電成本。其二，台電試圖壓低發電成本，以影響能源局費率之決定，造成其他再生能源廠商的進入障礙，排除潛在競爭者。Developing wind power is an international trend and Taiwan maintains the potential to develop this energy. Taiwan initiated renewable energy development after 1998. However, because wind power has not yet achieved economic efficacy, government reward policies are required for wind power development. Because of the influence of various interest groups, the “Renewable Energy Development Act” was delayed for years. Therefore, we investigated governmental regulation of the renewable energy industry to analyze the rent-seeking activities and influence of wind power firms in the Legislative Yuan and the market.
In April 2009, the German wind power firm InfraVest planned to withdraw capital because of the delayed Renewable Energy Development Act draft. The act was then passed in July 2009. According to the Renewable Energy Development Act, the Taiwan Power Company (Taipower) should purchase the power produced by renewable energy firms. However, InfraVest was not satisfied with the low rate of feed-in tariff established by the Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs and again proposed the withdrawal of capital.
Therefore, we analyzed and compared the wind power generation costs of InfraVest and Taipower. The results showed that the initial capital costs and annual operating and maintenance costs of Taipower’s wind power generation were lower compared to those of InfraVest. The first reason Taipower had lower costs is that Taipower uses more than two power generation methods. Shared resources result in reduced power generation costs. The second reason is that Taipower has attempted to reduce power generation costs to influence the rate decisions of the Bureau of Energy. This establishes an entry barrier for other renewable energy firms. Therefore, potential competitors are excluded
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Association of Androgenetic Alopecia With Mortality From Diabetes Mellitus and Heart Disease
No full textImportance: Identifying predictors of mortality from diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart disease can help shape treatment strategies. Presence of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) might be such a predictor.
Objective: To determine whether the presence of AGA is associated with an elevated rate of mortality from DM and heart disease in both sexes after adjustment for potential confounders.
Design: A population-based prospective cohort study.
Setting: Community-based integrated screening in Taiwan.
Participants: A total of 7252 subjects aged 30 to 95 years participated in the baseline AGA survey using the Norwood and Ludwig classifications between April and June 2005. Baseline information on metabolic syndrome (MetS) and other possible risk factors was also collected. We then followed this cohort over time to ascertain death and cause of death until December 2010. Interventions or Exposures: Application of Norwood and Ludwig ALA classifications to study population.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Deaths from DM and heart disease.
Results: Among the 7126 subjects (2429 men and 4697 women) who provided complete data, there were 70 deaths from DM and heart disease during the 57-month follow-up period. Subjects with moderate to severe AGA vs normal or mild AGA had a significantly higher risk of mortality from DM (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.97; 95% CI, 1.26-7.01) (P = .01) and heart disease (adjusted HR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.00-5.23) (P = .05) after adjusting for age, family history of DM or heart disease, and MetS.
Conclusions and Relevance: AGA is an independent predictor of mortality from DM and heart disease in both sexes. This finding may have significant implications for the identification of risk factors for DM and heart disease in patients with moderate or severe AGA, regardless of whether MetS is present
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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