1,720,963 research outputs found
Rubrics for Scoring, Interpretations and Decision-Making
No full textThis chapter focuses on the concepts of reliability and validity in the context of rubric design and use. It comprises four sections. This first section explains the concept of reliability and emphasizes its role in quality scoring. The second section discusses the notion of validity and foregrounds the importance of appropriate test-score interpretations and responsible decision-making. The third section explores the relationship between reliability, validity and other assessment qualities (i.e., fairness and practically). The last section introduces qualitative and quantitative methods commonly used to examine the functioning of rubrics. Through explication of the relevant concepts, it is hoped that this chapter is useful to the relevant stakeholders (e.g., test developers, test users and decision makers) in their implementation and investigation of rubric-based assessments
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
让汉语走入生活: 从交际视角探讨第二语言说话技能测试 (Giving Chinese language a new lease of life: A communicative perspective to testing second language speaking)
No full text本论文从交际视角探讨汉语作为第二语言的说话技能测试问题，全文分为六章。第一章结合汉语作为第二语言学习者的地域分布，描述学习者背景的复杂性，进而阐明本论文的研究问题、设计、方法和意义，并界定相关概念。第二章总结了说话技能的特点，并描述第二语言学习者在说话时所面对的问题。同时，笔者也分析了五种第二语言说话考试的内容，综述其优缺点，从而强调第二语言说话技能测试演变的必要。第三章则探讨交际法语言测试的本质，即阐述所包含的关键概念，以此作为本文的理论基础。笔者在第四章阐明测试目的、对象与说话构念，并为不同程度（初、中、高）的学习者建构说话技能测试框架，具体说明相关测试任务。第五章描述了测试框架的评估事宜，包括评改程序、评估量表和成绩单的设计。最后一章除了突出说话技能框架的创新之处，也分析了其局限和指出未来的研究方向，以期为日后有关第二语言说话技能测试的研究提供新的思路。This study aims to construct an assessment framework for second language speaking in the Chinese language via adopting a communicative perspective. The thesis comprises a total of six chapters.The first chapter introduces the research background and describes the research problems, research design and research methods. Key concepts are also defined. Besides analyzing the characteristics of second language speaking, the second chapter also comprises an internal and external scan whereby the author analyzes five different second language speaking tests in both local and overseas context. The third chapter presents a theoretical framework for communicative testing. Key components are defined for the subsequent construction of the speaking assessment framework. In the fourth chapter, a second language speaking assessment framework is proposed to cater to the needs of different learners. A comprehensive set of sample papers are also designed. The fifth chapter introduces the evaluating procedures, as well as the design of the scoring guidelines and the report card. In the closing chapter, besides highlighting the significance of the assessment framework constructed, its limitations are also being identified. Future research directions are also suggested
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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