1,720,960 research outputs found
MAPPING AND RECOVERING CLOUD-CONTAMINATED AREA IN MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGERY WITH VISIBLE AND NEAR-INFRARED BANDS
No full textLandscape Ecology Approach in Biodiversity Conservation Using MODIS Imagery
No full text景觀生態學著重「探討區域裡不同空間單元內生物與環境之間的相互關係，這樣的關係不僅反映在一個空間單元內不同生態組成的垂直關係，也牽涉到不同空間單元間的水平關係」。
本研究從「景觀層級」探討生物多樣性的保育範圍，以2002年MODIS影像進行分析，取得的影像覆誑Landscape ecology involves the study of relationships between organisms and their living environments within a specific region. The relationships involve ecological and spatial relationships in a spatial unit and between different spatial units. In this study we discuss the definition of landscape, landscape structure, and landscape function. Base on the viewpoints of GST, we consider that the definition of “Landscape” is an area of land containing a mosaic of different ecosystems. Ecosystems are the components in a landscape.
Taiwan’s protected area system planning in this study is an example to integrate survey, analysis of Landscape ecology, and planning. There are 23 MODIS images in 2002 and provide useful data for us to analyze land cover dynamics in Taiwan.
Among all ecosystem types, broadleaf forest, mixed forest and conifer forest ecosystem accounts for 36.81, 12.25, and 10.44%, followed by dry field and rice ecosystem with 16.30 and 6.87% respectively. Urban ecosystem accounts for 4.85%, and all others are less than 4%.
NDVI is the useful derived information from MODIS for assessing vegetation function, especially for areas lack of information in ecological researches like Taiwan. The NDVI is formed in terms of the ratio of the difference between the visible and near infrared bands and shows a sharp response between forest and non-forest areas.
After analyzing the four MODIS images in different seasons of 2002, we calculate the NDVI values of broadleaf forest, conifer forest, mixed forest, rice, and dry field ecosystems. Using the technique of GIS to select core areas and buffer areas in order to have a holistic protected area system.
Integration will be the most important issue in 21 century. In the research we try hard to integrate survey, analysis, planning in order to provide useful information to decision maker. The most important of all is using RS imagery to provide key ecological information to planner and decision maker.第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
1-1 研究背景……………………………………………………………………………………… 1
1-2 研究動機……………………………………………………………………………………… 3
1-3 研究目的……………………………………………………………………………………… 7
1-4 研究架構……………………………………………………………………………………… 8
1-5 研究流程……………………………………………………………………………………… 10
1-6 名詞界定……………………………………………………………………………………… 10
1-7 操作定義……………………………………………………………………………………… 11
1-8 研究限制……………………………………………………………………………………… 12
第二章 生物多樣性保育與其問題……………………………………………………………… 13
2-1 生物多樣性與其意義…………………………………………………………………… 14
2-1.1 什麼是「生物多樣性」？……………………………………………………… 14
2-1.2 生物多樣性的分布……………………………………………………………… 18
2-2 保育生物多樣性的評估方法………………………………………………………….. 20
2-2.1 測量生物多樣性…………………………………………………………………. 20
2-2.2 生物多樣性熱點………………………………………………………………… 24
2-2.3 稀少、瀕臨滅絕與特有物種………………………………………………… 25
2-2.4 生態區………………………………………………………………………………. 27
2-2.5 生物區……………………………………………………………………………… 31
2-2.6 MVP MDA& PVA………………………………………………………………….. 35
2-2.7 缺口分析…………………………………………………………………………… 37
2-2.8 保護區選擇演算法……………………………………………………………… 39
2-2.9 島嶼生物地理學與景觀生態學在保護區議題的研究………………. 40
2-2.10 其它方法………………………………………………………………………… 44
2-2.11 廊道的串連……………………………………………………………………… 44
2-3 景觀生態學與保育………………………………………………………………………. 48
2-3.1 景觀生態學與保育的關係……………………………………………………. 48
2-3.2 從景觀層級進行保育…………………………………………………………… 51
2-4 生物多樣性與臺灣的問題……………………………………………………………… 56
2-4.1 臺灣目前的問題………………………………………………………………… 56
2-4.2 本研究對生物多樣性的觀點………………………………………………… 65
第三章 景觀生態學的觀點……………………………………………………………………… 68
3-1 景觀生態學的三大理論基礎…………………………………………………………. 68
3-1.1 一般系統理論…………………………………………………………………….. 69
3-1.2 生物控制理論…………………………………………………………………….. 73
3-1.3 生態系統理論…………………………………………………………………….. 76
3-2 探究「景觀」的意義……………………………………………………………………… 80
3-3 景觀結構…………………………………………………………………………………….. 82
3-4 景觀弁遄K………………………………………………………………………………….. 89
第四章 研究方法…………………………………………………………………………………….. 98
4-1 研究材料與工具…………………………………………………………………………… 98
4-2 研究方法……………………………………………………………………………………. 100
第五章 土地覆貌滌妧A變化…………………………………………………………………… 104
5-1 MODIS………………………………………………………………………………………… 104
5-1.1 地球觀測系統與MODIS……………………………………………………… 104
5-1.2 MODIS的特性…………………………………………………………………….. 106
5-1.3 MODIS影像處理過程…………………………………………………………… 111
5-2 土地覆貌滌妧A變化……………………………………………………………………. 116
5-2.1 MODIS衛星影像的重要性………………………………………………… 116
5-2.2 季節性的變化…………………………………………………………………….. 123
5-3 植被指數的動態變化……………………………………………………………………. 126
5-3.1 植被指數的意義…………………………………………………………………. 126
5-3.2 植被指數的的時間序列資料………………………………………………… 129
5-3.3 植被指數的季節性變化………………………………………………………. 134
5-3.4 植被指數在不同生態系統類型的特性…………………………………… 141
5-3.5四個季節生態系統類型的植被指數與藍光段的比較………………… 153
5-4 小結…………………………………………………………………………………………… 162
第六章 景觀結構分析……………………………………………………………………………… 164
6-1 反射率分析…………………………………………………………………………………. 164
6-2 臺灣的景觀…………………………………………………………………………………. 169
6-2.1 250m與40m空間解析度的比較…………………………………………… 173
6-2.2 1994年國土利用現況調查與第三次臺灣森林資源調查…………… 177
6-2 景觀的空間結構…………………………………………………………………………… 179
6-3 景觀的時間結構…………………………………………………………………………… 187
6-4 景觀的營養結構…………………………………………………………………………… 192
6-5 小結…………………………………………………………………………………………… 194
6-5.1 如何分析結構？………………………………………………………………… 194
6-5.2 分類、分區方法的抉擇………………………………………………………… 195
6-5.3 生態系統概念落實上的困難………………………………………………… 197
第七章 景觀弁鄐尷R……………………………………………………………………………… 198
7-1 景觀弁遄K………………………………………………………………………………… 198
7-2 NDVI分析……………………………………………………………………………………. 203
7-2.1植被指數與景觀弁鄋疑鰜Y………………………………………………… 203
7-2.2 植被指數的集水區單元分析………………………………………………… 204
7-2.3 植被指數的整體性分析……………………………………………………… 214
7-3 NPP分析……………………………………………………………………………………... 218
7-3.1 估算年NPP………………………………………………………………………... 218
7-3.2 NPP分析……………………………………………………………………………. 220
7-4 小結……………………………………………………………………………………………. 222
7-4.1 NDVI分析…………………………………………………………………………… 222
7-4.2 整體性分析的重要性…………………………………………………………… 222
第八章 景觀層級保育範圍的情境分析……………………………………………………… 223
8-1 從景觀層級進行情境分析……………………………………………………………… 223
8-2五種生態系統類型的核心區分析…………………………………………………….. 228
8-3 緩衝區分析…………………………………………………………………………………. 232
8-4 小結…………………………………………………………………………………………… 236
第九章 結論與建議………………………………………………………………………………… 244
9-1 結論
一、景觀、景觀結構與景觀弁遄K…………………………………………………… 244
二、土地覆酷黹吽K……………………………………………………………………… 245
三、景觀結構分析………………………………………………………………………… 246
四、景觀弁鄐尷R………………………………………………………………………… 247
五、景觀層級的生物多樣性保育範圍……………………………………………… 247
9-2 建議…………………………………………………………………………………………… 248
參考文獻………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 250
中文部分…………………………………………………………………………………………… 250
英文部分……………………………………………………………………………………………. 253
網際網路鍊結部分……………………………………………………………………………… 265
附錄一 平地地區與國有林班地土地利用重編碼…………………………………………… 266
附錄二 各種生態系統類型光譜比較……………………………………………………………. 270
附錄三 景觀生態學的發展歷程………………………………………………………………….. 279
附錄四 景觀的突現性質……………………………………………………………………………. 297
附錄五 MODIS資料格式說明……………………………………………………………………… 30
INTEGRATING REMOTE SENSING, SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND CERTAINTY FACTOR MODEL FOR WASTE DUMPING RISK ASSESSMENT
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Assessment and monitoring of desertification using satellite imagery of MODIS in East Asia
No full textChanging landscapes: monitoring ecologically sensitive ecosystems in a dynamic semi-arid landscape using satellite imagery: a case study in Ejin Oasis, western China
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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