148 research outputs found
Photosensized Controlling Benzyl Methacrylate-Based Matrix Enhanced Eu3+ Narrow-Band Emission for Fluorescence Applications
No full textThis study synthesized a europium (Eu3+) complex Eu(DBM)3Cl-MIP (DBM = dibenzoyl methane; Cl-MIP = 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) dispersed in a benzyl methacrylate (BMA) monomer and treated with ultraviolet (UV) light for polymerization. Spectral results showed that the europium complex containing an antenna, Cl-MIP, which had higher triplet energy into the Eu3+ energy level, was an energetically enhanced europium emission. Typical stacking behaviors of π–π interactions between the ligands and the Eu3+-ion were analyzed using single crystal X-ray diffraction. Regarding the luminescence performance of this europium composite, the ligand/defect emission was suppressed by dispersion in a poly-BMA (PBMA) matrix. The underlying mechanism of the effective enhancement of the pure Eu3+ emission was attributed to the combined effects of structural modifications, defect emissions, and carrier charge transfer. Fluorescence spectra were compared to the composite of optimized Eu3+ emission where they were subsequently chelated to four metal ions via carboxylate groups on the BMA unit. The optical enhanced europium composite clearly demonstrated highly efficient optical responses and is, therefore a promising application as an optical detection material
In\u2082O\u2083/ZnO Heterostructural Superlattices: Epitaxial Sputter-Growth and Physical Properties
No full textThe superlattices of In2O3/ZnO have been successfully fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering on c-oriented sapphire substrates at 923K. The film-substrate epitaxy is determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) data based on the omega-2theta scans, Phi scans and Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction (GIXRD) of 2theta scans at a fixed small incident angle of omega. Meanwhile, the X-ray reflectivity (XRR) method was also employed to acquire the thickness, density and roughness of the heterojunction multilayered samples. The temperature-dependent electrical characteristics were studied from 15 K to 290 K by measurement of the resistivity as a function of temperature to obtain an RT curve either in the dark or under illumination of individual lasers at a different wavelength of 633 nm (red), 514 nm (green), or 454 nm (blue) on the samples. The conduction mechanism of the heterojunction superlattices are understood as photo-assisted thermal activation in the context of band conduction or hopping conduction as judged by their exponential functional dependence on T^(-1), T^(-1/2), or T^(-1/4). In band conductions, electrons are set free from bonding by thermally excitation from a donor state into the conduction band. In hopping conductions, the electrons, never set free, hop from one impurity atom to another. The distinct photo-thermal effects are investigated
Finite Element Analysis on the Nanoindentation of Wire Material Properties
No full text在新興的奈米科技領域之中，奈米材料的製造方法以及結構已經被廣為研究；想要利用各種奈米材料來做應用，勢必要先了解奈米材料的各種特性，其中又以機械性質為最重要的性質之一。而對於奈米材料機械性質的測定，已經有許多方法被提出，奈米壓痕技術就是近年來最被廣泛應用的一種。
奈米壓痕技術可以測定薄膜材料的模數、硬度等機械性質，近年來更被應用在奈米線的機械性質測定上。但由於奈米壓痕技術在理論上只能被用在測定薄膜材料或塊材的機械性質，所以要利用奈米壓痕技術測定線材的機械性質，勢必會產生誤差。本文就利用有限元素軟體，模擬並分析壓印線材時材料的行為反應，從中找尋誤差的來源並修正。
由於利用奈米壓痕技術測定奈米線材的機械性質日益重要，但舊有的理論方法並無法完全符合需求，故本文的結果將能使奈米線、奈米管等奈米材料的機械性質測定更為正確，也對新式奈米材料的研究做出貢獻。In the emerging field of nanotechnology, the manufacture method and the structure of nano-materials has been studied widely. The properties of nano-materials are very important to the research of nano-materials. In particular, the mechanical properties are the most important properties in the application of nano-materials. Although many methods of mechanical properties measurement were proposed, nanoindentation test is the most popular method in the recent years.
Nanoindentation test has been extensively applied to measure the elastic modulus and hardness of thin film materials or bulk materials. However, the deviation of predicted contact area could occur when indentation test is applied to wire materials. The reason is that the boundary condition of wire materials is different from bulk materials. In this study, we demonstrate a method to evaluate these errors by using finite element method to analyze the indentation behavior of wire materials and correct the error.
Since the mechanical properties measurement of nanowires and nanotubes become more and more important. Previous theory can not completely accord with the demands. The result of this paper makes the measurement method more correct, and also makes the contribution to the study of new nano-materials.誌謝
中文摘要.........................................................................................................I
英文摘要........................................................................................................II
目錄..............................................................................................................IV
圖例目錄......................................................................................................VI
表格目錄......................................................................................................XI
第一章 緒論.................................................................................................1
1.1 前言................................................................................................1
1.2 研究動機及目標............................................................................3
第二章 文獻回顧........................................................................................5
2.1 奈米壓痕技術................................................................................5
2.2 線材彈性模數的測定..................................................................11
2.3 奈米壓痕量測的有限元素分析..................................................17
第三章 模型驗證.......................................................................................21
3.1 二維軸對稱模型..........................................................................21
3.2 三維模型......................................................................................28
第四章 模擬結果與討論...........................................................................37
4.1 壓印子尖端半徑效應..................................................................37
4.2 壓印深度對彈性模數的影響......................................................39
4.3 線徑對彈性模數的影響..............................................................55
第五章 結論與未來展望...........................................................................99
5.1 結論..............................................................................................99
5.2 未來展望....................................................................................101
Reference....................................................................................................10
Research of Conducting Social Welfare Information System of Kaohsiung City Government
No full textSocial Welfare Information System was implemented in Social Affairs Bureau of Kaohsiung City Government and now well functioning since August, 2002. This research mainly investigated the key factors of this system and can be referred as a successful experience of conducting similar systems to other governmental institutions .
Results of this research are as following:
1. Strengthen the drive of conducting system through adoption of non-enforcement strategy, concordance with officers\ue2 policies and replacement of punishment for encouragement.
2. Well social relationship and intercommunication between people have positive influence in conducting system.
3. Mutual dependences: highly mutual dependences can gather users and conductors as a group to reach the consensus of strengthening system conducting.
4. Trust degree: users deeply trust conductors and system can affect system conducting.
5. Entrustment: higher entrustment causes lower resistance due to the interdependence of entrustment and system conducting.
6. Social influence: internet and well social behavior can reduce the obstruction in system conducting.
7. Participation of policy decision and open communication: well communication and participation of policy decision for users make a fine progress of system conducting.
8. Interaction and attitude of initial stage: well interaction includes communication, coordination, counseling, problem solution, which can helpfully support the system conducting during initial stage.
According to research results mentioned above, researcher drew a conclusion of these factors had great influences in conducting Social Welfare Information System. In addition to conductors\ue2 efforts, active cooperation of users also plays an important role in it. Effective factors found in this research can be the reference of successfully conducting similar systems to governmental institutions
The Relation Between the Policy of Dividend and the Source of Capital
No full textThe samples of the study come from Taiwan\ue2s companies listed on Taiwan Stock Exchange and over-the-counter, and the period of the study is from 2010 to 2017. This study investigates the relationship between the source of funds and the dividend policy, and the impact of the company size on the above relationship. The results find that the company\ue2s main source of cash dividends comes from the company\ue2s own profits. The company does not use bank financing or capital increase with shareholders as a source of funds to pay cash dividends. In addition, the results show that small companies are more likely to pay more dividends as they increase their profits than large companies. Therefore, the study supports the signaling theory, which represents dividend distribution has the function of transmitting information. The company manager will use the dividend distribution to convey the company's future profit expectations, communicate the company's own operating conditions to the market. And the profitable companies are also willing to pay higher dividends to convey that the company has good financial performance
Ionic Interaction in Fluorescent Complexes with Aggregation-Enhanced Emission
No full textAbstract-1
A fluorescent biological sensor utilizing aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) property was developed in our laboratory. First, anAIE-active fluorescent
tetraphenylthiophene (TP) unit was synthetically connected to poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) by covalent and ionic bonds, resulting in the respective c- and i-TP-PNIPAM for the detection and quantification of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) model protein. When bind to BSA, the ionic i-TP-PNIPAM shows much better fluorescence (FL) sensitivity compared to c-TP-PNIP AM. The fluorescence (FL) intensity of i-TP-PNIAPM displays a good linear dependence on concentration of BSA (0 \ue2 1 mg/mL), indicating quantitative fluorimetric protein detection can be achieved. Further addition of anionic surfactant ofsodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) considerably raised the FL intensity of the complexsolution. All the FL response was discussed in term of conformational freedom of the TP unit under different environmental constraints.
Abstract-2
A water-soluble fluorophore containing four anionicsulfonated groups, sodium tetraphenylthiophenesulfonate (TPS), was sythesizedand characterized to have aggregation-enhanced emission (AEE) property. One the other hand, acidified Jeffamine (diammonium-terminated poly(propylene glycol) and Jeffamine-included \uce\ub2-cyclodextrin (\uce\ub2-CD) were separatedly prepared. Through the facile ionic interaction between sulfonate anion in TPS and ammonium cation in Jeffamine (or in Jeffamine-included \uce\ub2-CD), fluorescent ionic complex of iTP-JA (or iTP-CD-JA) can be prepared and their emission behavior was correlated with the degree of restricted intramolecular rotation (RIR), as the main mechanism responsible for AEE phenomenon, in each system of different molecular structures. When bind to polymeric Jeffamine, iTP-JA complex emits with higher intensity than the small-mass TPS. Use of \uce\ub2-CD rigidify the flexible Jeffamine, therefore, iTP-CD-JA complex is the most efficient emitter among all three samples
Heavy metal concentrations and stable isotope of carbon and nitrogen in cetaceans around Taiwan
No full textThe aims of this study were (1) to investigate the differences of heavy metal concentrations in various cetacean species, (2) to know how the factors including feeding habits, habitats, body lengths, stranded or bycatch affect the accumulation of tissue concentrations of heavy metals in cetaceans, and (3) to compare with previously reported values. Ten different tissues from 9 species were collected from 2001 to 2011 and analyzed for As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations and isotope values (\uce\ub413C and \uce\ub415N). These 9 species included Risso\ue2s dolphin (Grampus griseus), Pantropical spotted dolphin (Stenella attenuata), Chinese white dolphin (Sousa chinensis), Fraser\ue2s dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei), Dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima), Omura's whale (Balaenoptera omurai), Pygmy killer whale (Feresa attenuata), False killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) and Finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides).
Both \uce\ub413C and \uce\ub415N showed significant variation among species (p<0.05). The highest \uce\ub413C values (-13.4 \ue2\ub0 and -14.3 \ue2\ub0) were found in Finless porpoise and Chinese white dolphin, whereas the lowest \uce\ub413C values (-16.9 \ue2\ub0 and -16.9\uc2\ub10.39 \ue2\ub0) were found in Omura\ue2s whale and Fraser\ue2s dolphin. The highest \uce\ub415N values (14.9 \ue2\ub0 and 14.6 \ue2\ub0) were found in Chinese white dolphin and False killer whale, whereas the lowest \uce\ub415N values (10.9 \ue2\ub0) were found in Omura\ue2s whale. Heavy metal analysis indicated that extremely high Fe (7169 \uce\ubcg/g dry wt. in liver) and Mn (87.5 \uce\ubcg/g dry wt. in liver) levels were found in a pregnant Dwarf sperm whale. The highest Zn levels were found in the liver (400.7 \uce\ubcg/g dry wt.) and kidney (288.0 \uce\ubcg/g dry wt.) of Chinese white dolphin, and the highest Cu level was found in Omura\ue2s whale, the only baleen whale. Significant positive or negative correlations between certain elements (Cd and As) and factors (body length and \uce\ub415N) were found in Risso\ue2s dolphin. A negative correlation between body length and \uce\ub415N in Risso\ue2s dolphin was also observed. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and cluster analysis showed that stranded individuals had higher Fe and Cd levels than bycatch specimens.
The results of this study suggest that heavy metal concentrations in cetacean tissues are highly varied due to different species, feeding habits, habitats and physiological status such as pregnancy. Furthermore, via the correlation analysis between renal cadmium / hepatic arsenic concentrations and body length / \uce\ub415N in Risso\ue2s dolphins, we can conclude that male Risso\ue2s dolphin would gradually move to offshore to feed on more oceanic cephalopods with increasing age. Also, both stranded and bycatch Risso\ue2s dolphin in this study exhibit higher heavy metal concentrations than those collected in 1994 and 1995 (except Mn in muscles), providing an early warning of the heavy metal pollutions in the surrounding waters of Taiwan
Treatment with a Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, inhibits excitotoxicity in an animal model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 17
No full textDing-Siang Huang,1,* Hsuan-Yuan Lin,1,2,* Guey-Jen Lee-Chen,1 Hsiu-Mei Hsieh-Li,1 Chung-Hsin Wu,1 Jung-Yaw Lin1,21Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 2Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA 17) is a polyglutamine disease caused by the expansion of CAG/CAA repeats in the TATA box-binding protein (TBP) gene. The Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, contains flavonoids and terpenoids with a potential use for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. The neuroprotective effects of EGb 761 are obvious, but whether the EGb 761 has therapeutic effects in SCA 17 is still unclear. To manage our issues, we have generated TBP/79Q-expressing SH-SY5Y cells and SCA 17 transgenic mice with the mutant hTBP gene. In in vitro experiment, we observed that the EGb 761 treatment decreased the amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate-insoluble proteins in the TBP/79Q-expressing SH-SY5Y cells. We further found that the EGb 761 treatment could inhibit excitotoxicity and calcium influx and reduce the expression of apoptotic markers in glutamate-treated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. In in vivo experiment, we observed that the EGb 761 treatment (100 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection per day) could relieve the motor deficiencies of the SCA 17 transgenic mice. Our findings provide evidence that the EGb 761 treatment can be a remedy for SCA 17 via suppressing excitotoxicity and apoptosis in SCA 17 cell and animal models. Therefore, we suggest that EGb 761 may be a potential therapeutic agent for treating SCA 17.Keywords: spinocerebellar ataxia type 17, excitotoxicity, EGb 761, polyQ diseases, apoptosis 
Energy saving control of robot
No full textRobot, a computer-controlled machine that is programmed to move, manipulates objects, and accomplishes work while interacting with its environment. The inspiration for the design of a robot manipulator is the human arm, but with some differences. Robots are able to perform repetitive tasks more quickly, cost efficiency, accurately than human forces and energy saving[1]. Energy saving as known as energy efficiency[2] is very important for every mechanical or electrical device such as robot. In this research, Region reaching/tracking controller[3-5] and Slotine & Li controller[6] are implements into SONY SCARA[7] separately. SCARA Robot energetic consumption comparison will to make in this research to figure out which controller will consume least energy in doing a similar tasks. Research of robotics aims to realize some aspects of human functions into a mechanical system. It is interesting to observe in our daily life activities that the desired target for our reaching movements is a region rather than a point or trajectory. For example, control of robot to put an object into a cup, throwing a dart to a dart board, picking up an object from a conveying belt, driving a car along a road etc. The region reaching controller are focusing on reaching on the stationary region, for example, put a straw in a cup. Author will show that region reaching controller is a suitable controller for energy efficiency purposes compare to Slotine & Li controller. However, in some applications such as driving a car along the road, shooting a moving targer etc, the desired region is not a static region but a moving region. So, region tracking is rather more practically used in daily life. Hence, later part of the research, author will implement the region tracking controller in the moving region, measure the energy used and compare it with the Slotine & Li controller.Bachelor of Engineerin
A Reconfigurable Decoder IC for Irregular LDPC Codes
No full text在論文中，我們提出適用不規則低密度奇偶檢查碼(LDPC)，之可重配置解碼器晶片之硬體架構與實現方式。最常見的LDPC演算法，共有對數域與機率域兩種。而經由系統模擬，我們確定兩種LDPC演算法均可以比迴旋碼中的Viterbi解碼演算法有更佳的效能，而為了降低所需耗費的硬體，我們決定採用對數域演算法，作為硬體實現的目標。為了設計一個可重配置解碼器，有別於一般以繞線為導向的專用解碼器架構，我們採用部分平行化、分散式計算方式，以符合我們的可重配置與一般化的設計目標。此外，為了增加可重配置解碼器的硬體使用效率與吞吐量，我們會先對LDPC中的奇偶檢查矩陣做重排列。若是沒有我們所提出的重排列演算法與執行結果，在現今支援LDPC碼的兩大標準中(IEEE 802.16d與802.11n)，我們的解碼器至少會增加250%以上的硬體消耗，同時吞吐量也會降低一半以上。本晶片的設計流程為半客戶式設計方式：我們使用Verilog XL與HSPICE兩種模擬軟體，分別對數位部分與記憶體部分的電路做模擬驗證。最後我們介紹整個系統的Verilog模擬結果，證實我們的系統的功能是正確無誤的，同時解碼器可以在200MHz時脈速度下，達到30Mbps以上的硬體吞吐量，並且同時支援IEEE 802.16d與802.11n標準中的奇偶檢查矩陣規格。In this work, we propose an architecture and implementation method of a reconfigurable decoder IC for Irregular LDPC Codes. The two most popular LDPC decoding algorithms are at probability domain and log domain. According to our system simulation, we are convinced that the LDPC code can outperform convolutional codes / Viterbi decoding algorithm. In view of saving hardware cost, we adopt log domain LDPC decoding algorithm as our target of hardware implementation.
Due to the realization of a reconfigurable decoder, different from routing-oriented dedicated decoder architecture, we adopt partially parallel and distributed computing hardware to achieve our reconfigurable and generic design concept. On the other hand, in order to increase the hardware efficiency and its throughput, we propose a permutation algorithm applied to parity-check matrix of LDPC code. Without permutation, our generic decoder will need additional 250% hardware cost, and its throughput will decrease by 50% when applied to the two IEEE communication standards, including 802.16d and 802.11n, which both support LDPC codes.
The design flow of our chip is semi-custom. That is, we use two different kinds of CAD tools, including Verilog XL and HSPICE, to do simulation / verification on digital and memory circuit respectively. We do complete Verilog system simulation to prove our architecture and circuits are correct and functional-work. In this work, our decoder can achieve 30Mbps date rate operated at clock rate of 200MHz. At the same time, it can support the LDPC parity-check matrix defined in the IEEE 802.16d and 802.11n standards.目錄： i
圖示列表： v
表格列表： xi
第一章 緒論 1
I.1 研究動機 1
I.2 錯誤更正碼概述 2
I.3 低密度奇偶檢查碼(Low-Density Parity Check, LDPC)概述 4
I.4 論文組織介紹 6
第二章 低密度奇偶檢查碼演算法 7
II.1 區塊碼(Block Code)基本概念 7
II.2 低密度奇偶檢查碼之編碼動作 8
II.2.1 編碼步驟[1.1] 9
II.2.2 編碼器硬體架構 10
II.3 低密度奇偶檢查碼之解碼動作 12
II.3.1 機率域(Probability Domain)解碼演算法[1.1] 14
II.3.2 對數域(Log Domain)解碼演算法[2.1] 15
II.3.3 先前機率與先前對數可能性比值計算方式 18
II.4 演算法效能模擬結果與比較 20
II.4.1 通道模型 20
II.4.2 LDPC模擬環境介紹 21
II.4.3 迴旋碼模擬環境介紹 22
II.4.4 模擬結果與比較 24
第三章 解碼器之架構設計 27
III.1 奇偶檢查矩陣(Parity-Check Matrix)的分類 27
III.2 解碼器之架構介紹 28
III.2.1 奇偶檢查矩陣與副區塊對應方式 29
III.2.2 副區塊處理器(Sub-Block Processor) 31
III.2.3 列處理器(Row Processor) 35
III.2.4 行處理器(Column Processor) 36
III.2.5 對數可能性比值儲存電路(L.L.R. Storage) 38
III.2.6 查表電路(Look-up Table) 39
III.2.7 解碼器運作方式 40
III.3 奇偶檢查矩陣列與行之重排列 46
III.3.1 動機與目標 46
III.3.2 演算法介紹(1)-Simulated Annealing 48
III.3.3 演算法介紹(2)-Permutation 50
III.3.4 模擬結果與比較 55
III.3.5 支援的奇偶檢查矩陣之規格 58
第四章 解碼器之電路設計 59
IV.1 設計流程簡介 59
IV.2 定點數模擬(Fixed-Point Simulation) 61
IV.3 記憶體電路基本組成單元 63
IV.3.1 靜態隨機存取記憶體單元(SRAM Cell) 64
IV.3.2 內容可定址記憶體單元(CAM Cell) 65
IV.4 副區塊處理器 67
IV.4.1 算數邏輯單元(ALU) 67
IV.4.2 記憶體區塊(Memory Block) 68
IV.4.3 整合之模擬結果 79
IV.5 列處理器與行處理器 81
IV.5.1 單組靜態隨機存取記憶體(Single-Bank SRAM)與控制邏輯 83
IV.5.2 閘狀(Gated)輸出多工器與輸入解多工器 86
IV.5.3 中央控制邏輯(Central Control Logic) 90
IV.5.4 模擬結果 92
IV.6 對數可能性比值儲存電路(L.L.R. Storage) 94
IV.6.1 單組靜態隨機存取記憶體(Single-Bank SRAM) 95
IV.6.2 閘狀(Gated)輸出多工器與輸入解多工器 96
IV.6.3 中央控制邏輯(Central Control Logic) 96
IV.6.4 與行處理器整合後之模擬結果 97
IV.7 查表電路 100
IV.7.1 LUT_R查表電路 100
IV.7.2 LUT_C查表電路 101
IV.8 頂層中央控制邏輯 102
IV.9 解碼器測試平台之Verilog模擬結果 103
IV.10 解碼器全系統Verilog模擬結果與規格 108
第五章 結論與展望 111
參考資料 11
- …
