1,720,986 research outputs found
Narrative Analysis of the Willingness to Study Graduate School in Taiwan: A Case Study of Mainland China Students from Peking University
No full text 開放陸生來臺就學政策，在特殊的兩岸關係氛圍下，政治因素極可能凌駕教育問題本身。今（2013）年初，我方政府宣布，將大舉擴招陸生，此政策圭臬應是填補生源，或是提升國際競爭力，引發爭議。目前，綜觀臺灣學界，以對岸學生內心意象作為分析，付之闕如。本研究旨在廓清「中國大陸學生來臺灣就讀研究所學位的可能意願」，內容以說故事（story-telling）類型呈現，研究對象為北京大學的大學部學生，透過敘事訪談（narrative interview）與實地參與觀察方法，了解陸生學習生活經驗與來臺就學的動機考量。以彰顯具有指標性的中國大陸學生，對我方陸生就學政策之關注程度與看法，進而歸納此政策在執行程度之良窳。主要研究成果，發現以下訊息：臺灣高等教育環境，足以吸引已有臺灣經驗的陸生。然而，我方政府招生宣傳不足，加上中國當局對我方資訊缺乏公開與透明，陸生的研究領域，若與臺灣無直接相關者，將臺灣納入升學考量之機會，可能更低。陸生將來臺就學，多已假定為國內地區的學習交流。 Year 2011 marks the opening for Mainland China students to be eligible to study in graduate schools in Taiwan and obtain degrees, leading to a series of domestic controversies. More debates have continued to emerge since Taiwanese government has become more active in widening the scope of eligible overseas students — especially those from Mainland China — in early 2013. However, little academic discussion is given over this stream so far, while there is hardly any related research that focuses on why and how Mainland China students would be willing to study in Taiwan. This study aims to clarify the motivation of Mainland China students to study graduate school in Taiwan by conducting interviews in the way of “story-telling” with undergraduate students of Peking University (PKU), one of the most prestigious universities in China. Methods of “narrative interview” and “direct observation” contribute to subsequent analysis of the students’ learning experiences at PKU campus and their concerns about studying graduate school in Taiwan. The results are summarized as follows. The learning environment of higher education in Taiwan appeals particularly to those Mainland China students who have been to Taiwan, whereas the others might not even consider Taiwan as an option for their further studies unless their research areas are intimately-linked to Taiwan itself. It may be attributed to the circumstances that the Chinese authorities do not provide opened plus transparent information about Taiwan, and neither does Taiwanese government put enough effort in promoting its own higher education industry to increase the international enrollment. Most of the Mainland China students take studying in Taiwan as, still, a “domestic” learning opportunity instead of an international one.口試委員審定書 ..........................................ii
誌 謝 ...................................................iii
中文摘要 ................................................ iv
Abstract ……………………………………………………………… v
第一章 緒 論 …………………………………………………… 01
第一節 研究背景與動機 …………………………………… 01
第二節 研究問題與目的 …………………………………… 11
第三節 概念界定釋義 ……………………………………… 12
第四節 論文章節安排 ……………………………………… 14
第二章 相關文獻檢視 …………………………………………… 15
第一節 國內相關研究 ……………………………………… 15
第二節 理論探討：政策敘事 ……………………………… 22
第三節 本章對話與討論 …………………………………… 25
第三章 研究設計 ………………………………………………… 27
第一節 研究途徑：敘事性政策分析 ....................... 27
第二節 研究方法與流程 ................................. 28
第三節 訪談對象抽樣方式及範圍 ......................... 33
第四節 研究範圍界定與架構提出 .......................... 37
第四章 受訪者訴說經驗 ................................ 39
第一節 未有來臺經驗（一）：Belle、Eva、Fiona .......... 39
第二節 未有來臺經驗（二）：Ivy、Jan、Lucy ............. 49
第三節 有來臺經驗（一）：Anne、Dora 、Cathy............ 59
第四節 有來臺經驗（二）：Gill、Kay、Nick ............... 68
第五章 訪談經驗脈絡綜合分析 ............................76
第一節 選擇來臺就學因素 ………………………………… 76
第二節 敘事探討：不同的故事 不同的想望........... 85
第三節 實際觀察與小結 ........................... 111
第六章 結 論 .................................... 116
第一節 脈絡總述 …………………………………………… 116
第二節 主要研究發現 ……………………………………… 118
第三節 研究限制與建議 …………………………………… 121
參考文獻 .......................................... 12
機構老人之睡眠品質及其相關因素
No full text本研究之目的是探討機構老人的睡眠品質狀況及影響其睡眠品質的相關因素。本研究 採描述性、相關性之研究，立意取樣台北縣市四家公私立的安養機構，以系統取樣共 收集205位個案，個案均符合下列條件:(1)年滿65歲或以上；(2)沒有瞻妄、癡呆及精 神病的問題；(3)能以國、台語溝通；(4)入住安養機構在6個月以上者。以睡眠品質 訪談表(PSQI)評量其睡眠品質，以巴氏量表(Barthel index)測其日常生活功能，以 流行病學研究中心憂鬱量表(CES-D)測其憂鬱程度。結果顯示研究對象中睡眠品質良 好者(PSQI≦5分)有30.7%，而睡眠品質差者(PSQI>5分)佔69.3%，睡眠品質平均得分 9.53±4.89，59%對睡眠品質感到不滿意，以睡眠潛伏期增長而導致難以入睡最嚴重 。而慢性病總數、日常生活功能狀態、憂鬱與睡眠品質呈顯著相關，可以解釋睡眠品 質變異量的36.8%，其中以「憂鬱」的解釋力最高，本研究結果顯示憂鬱對睡眠品質 是一個非常重要的預測因子。以Logistic多變項迴歸分析發現日常生活功能狀態有障 礙者、有憂鬱傾向者，罹患>1種慢性病，其發生睡眠品質差的機率分別是日常生活功 能獨立者、無憂鬱傾向者、罹患0-1種慢性病的2.35、10.11、4.14倍。透過本研究結 果可以提供機構的醫護人員區辨具備那些特質者易成為睡眠品質不良的高危險群，給 予合適的預防措施及處置，以增進機構老人的生活品質。 The purpose of this study was to investigate the sleep quality of elderly residents of institutes and the related influence factors. The retrospective and descriptive method was utilized in this study. Two hundred and five subjects were selected from the residents of residential care institutes in 4 public or private residential care institutes in Taipei by the systematic random sampling. All subjects must fit in following condition: (1) over 65 years old；(2)no delirium, dementia or psychosis；(3)speaking Mandarin or Taiwanese；(4)stay in institutes over six months . Using PSQI to measure sleep quality, Barthel index to measure activity of daily living (ADL), and CES-D to measure depression, the average PSQI global score of total subjects was 9.53±4.89. There were 63(30.7%) subjects in good sleep quality (PSQI≦5), while the other 142(69.3%) were in poor sleep quality (PSQI>5). The most serious problem is the increasing sleep latency. There was 59% subjects dissatisfied in self-perceived quality of sleep, There was significant correlation among the number of chronic disease, the ADL, depression and sleep quality, and could explain 36 .8% variation of sleep quality. This study show the subjects with defect of ADL, their odd ratio of poor quality of sleep is 2.35 times to the normal. The 10.11 times of subjects with the trend to depression compared with those didn't. The 4.14 times of subjects with chronic diseases >1type compared with 0-1 type. The high-risk group of poor quality of sleep is the subject with defect of ADL、trend to depression and suffer from>1 type chronic diseases. The results of this study show the depression is a very important predictor of sleep quality. The study finding can help health care personnel to identify suffer from poor sleep quality, in order to offer appropriate prevention and management, and improve the life quality of elderly residents of institutes
社區老人睡眠品質之探討
No full text本研究之目的是探討社區老人的睡眠品質現況及影響其睡眠品質的相關因素。本研究 採橫斷面之研究，立意取樣台北縣土城某行政區，共收集有效樣本116名。以睡眠品 質訪談表(PSQI)評量其睡眠品質，結果顯示研究對象中睡眠品質差者（PSQI>5分）佔 38.8%，睡眠品質平均得分5.48±4.08，25.8%對睡眠品質感到不滿意，21.6%過去一 個月曾使用安眠藥來解決失眠的問題；而身體症狀干擾睡眠以夜尿、疼痛、手腳麻刺 最常見；生活習慣中有午睡習慣者其睡眠品質較佳。而慢性病總數、身體症狀干擾、 自覺健康狀態及有無午睡習慣與睡眠品質呈顯著相關，可以解釋睡眠品質變異量的39 .4%，其中以「自覺健康狀態」的解釋力最高。Logistic多變項迴歸分析發現罹患>1 種慢性病、有身體症狀干擾，其發生睡眠品質差的機率是罹患0-1慢性病、無身體症 狀干擾者的2.93倍(95% CI: 1.35-6.36)、2.31倍(95% CI: 1.06-4.96)。透過本研究 結果可以提供從事社區健康工作的醫護人員區辨具備那些特質者易成為睡眠品質不良 的高危險群，給予合適的預防措施及處置，以增進社區老人的生活品質。 The purpose of this study was to investigate the sleep quality of community elderly and the related influence factors. The cross- sectional method was utilized in this study. There were 116 subjects interviewed from the Tucheng city of Taipei county PSQI was used to measure sleep quality, The average PSQI global score of total subjects was 5.48±4.08, there were 38 .8% subjects in poor sleep quality (PSQI>5), There was 25.8% subjects dissatisfied in self-perceived quality of sleep, There was 21.6% use the hypnotics to solve the insomnia in the past month. The symptoms interfering with sleep include nocturnal, pain, foot and hand splinter. The person with midday nap habit has better sleep quality. There was significant correlation among the number of chronic disease, the symptoms interfering with body, self-perceived health status, midday nap habit and sleep quality, and those variables could explain 39.4% variation of sleep quality. The self-perceived health status was the strongest predictor . The multivariate logistic regression analysis found the subjects suffer from>1 chronic disease, were more likely to have poor quality of sleep than the subjects with 0-1 chronic disease (OR, 2.93; 95% CI: 1.35-6.36). The subjects with the symptoms interfering with body were more likely to have poor quality of sleep (OR, 2.31; 95% CI: 1.06-4.96). The study finding can help health care personals to identify the poor sleep quality high-risk group and offer appropriate prevention and management to improve the life quality of community elderly
Teacher education in India
No full textThis encyclopedia is the most current and exhaustive reference available on international education. It provides thorough, up-to-date coverage of key topics, concepts, and issues, as well as in-depth studies of approximately 180 national educational systems throughout the world. Articles examine education broadly and at all levels--from primary grades through higher education, formal to informal education, country studies to global organizations.
The work is divided into two parts. Part I consists of important issues and broad themes that affect the social and political structures of educational systems worldwide, such as gender, cultural issues, curriculum, and the impact of technology on education. The second, more extensive part details educational systems throughout the world. Organized by region, there are individual country articles, accompanied by statistical tables, for nearly all nations of the world.
Background historical and political information is provided along with discussions of contemporary educational issues and challenges for the future. All entries include references for further reading.
This is a unique, interdisciplinary resource for students and educators--indeed, anyone interested in the state of education throughout the world--and its centrality to our future
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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