1,720,953 research outputs found
Investigating the in vivo role of Carboxyl-terminal Domain of Wntless protein in Zebrafish embryonic development
No full textWnt ligand是一個在多細胞生物中被廣泛使用之蛋白質訊息分子。Wnt所誘發的訊息傳遞路徑被廣泛使用在眾多生物現象之中，包含胚胎早期發育、幹細胞多型性維持和細胞癌化。對於Wnt訊息所引發之反應已有廣泛的研究，但關於Wnt如何被製造和如何自細胞釋放等的詳細資訊仍有所不足。Wntless蛋白被報導負責將Wnt由高基氏體運送至細胞膜的攜帶蛋白質，Wntless存在與否對於多數Wnt之分泌皆有重大影響。透過研究Wntless，我們即可從側面探索Wnt如何在細胞中被輸送和釋放。儘管數個Wntless的功能性區段已被報導，但Wntless羧基端區段在斑馬魚中所扮演之功能仍然尚未釐清。在本實驗室先前研究中推測Wntless的羧基端150個胺基酸殘基對於其功能扮演重要角色。而在本研究中，我進一步針對Wntless最末端49個胺基酸區塊設計切除版本，並且將受部分切除的mRNAs以顯微注射的方式使其表現在Wntless突變的斑馬魚胚胎中。實驗組中，表現末端缺乏的Wntless和單獨只有最末端兩種版本皆無法拯救wls突變之斑馬魚胚胎，據此我推測Wntless羧基端為其生物功能必須之區段。此外，我使用特定辨識羧基端之抗體來進行免疫螢光染色，發現單獨只剩羧基端的切除版本和切除中間第221至420胺基酸區段的Wntless之細胞內分布與全長的Wntless不同。據此我推測這兩個切除版本的切除區段皆為Wntless在細胞之中被正確運送所必須。Wnt is a secreted ligand and involved in numerous cell-cell signaling processes, especially in embryo development and tissue homeostasis. Comparing to the understanding of the responding signaling in Wnt-receiving cells, the sorting and secretion of Wnt in Wnt-producing cell is less clear. Wntless (Wls, also known as Gpr177 in mammal) plays a crucial role in carrying Wnts from Golgi to plasma membrane. Although several important functional motifs of Wls have been identified, whether the carboxyl-terminal domain of Wls is functional in zebrafish embryonic development is unknown. I have evaluated the abilities of different truncated Wls proteins in rescuing the inner ear and jaw cartilage defects of wls mutants. I found that neither the carboxyl-terminal 49 amino acids deleted form nor the form containing only the carboxyl-terminal 49 a.a rescue the defects of wls mutants. These data indicate that the carboxyl terminal 49 amino acids are important for Wls function in modulating Wls-mediated development in zebrafish embryo. In addition, utilizing antibody against Wls carboxyl-terminal 49 amino acids, I found the subcellular location of the truncated Wls containing only the carboxyl-terminal 49 a.a or carrying a.a. 221-420 deletion is distinct from endogenous Wls. I suggest these deleted region are both required for Wls subcellular sorting
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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