1,721,045 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
TARGET：Timing-AwaRe Gate Exhaustive Transition Fault Simulation and Test Pattern Selection for Cell-internal Defects
No full text在先進製程中，標準元件內部的缺陷(cell-internal defects)越來越受到重視，常用來模擬缺陷的錯誤模型(fault model)都假設缺陷發生在標準元件與標準元件之間；除此之外現在也需要準確的公式來模擬微小延遲缺陷(samll delay defect)以及內部缺陷，部分的內部缺陷可以使用微小延遲缺陷模型來模擬。此論文提出一個針對內部缺陷的時序感知邏輯閘轉態窮舉測試向量選擇器；我們的 TARGET 測試向量結合了標準元件感知(Cell-aware)以及時序感知(Timing-aware)兩個自動測試向量產生器的優點，他試圖使用不同的邏輯閘輸入端組合引發相同的邏輯閘轉態。我們提出了 TARGET 涵蓋率(Coverage)以及 TARGET 統計延遲程度(SDQL)去衡量產生的測試向量品質。TARGET 並不需要窮舉每個標準元件使用以積體電路為重點的模擬程式(SPICE)，與傳統 N 次偵測以及時序感知自動測試向量比起來，TARGET測試向量有較好的 TARGET 測試涵蓋率以及較短的測試向量數。In advanced technology, cell-internal defects gain more attention than before. Those well-known fault models all assume defects are between standard library cells. Besides, accurate metric is needed for modeling small delay defects and internal defects. Some cell-internal defects can be modeled as small delay faults. This thesis presents a timing-aware gate exhaustive transition fault (TARGET) fault simulation and test pattern selection for cell-internal defects. Our TARGET test patterns combine both the benefits of cell-aware and timing-aware ATPG. It tries to launch gate output transitions from as many different gate input transitions as possible. We proposed TARGET coverage and TARGET SDQL to evaluate the quality of our test patterns. TARGET does not require exhaustive SPICE simulation to characterize each library cell. Compared with traditional -detect and timing-aware test patterns, the proposed TARGET test patterns have better TARGET coverage given the same test length.中文摘要iii
Abstract iv
Table of Contents v
List of Figures vii
List of Tables viii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Proposed Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.3 Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.4 Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Chapter 2 Background 9
2.1 Fault Modeling on FinFET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1.1 Intorduction to FinFET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.1.2 Single Defect Affecting Single Gate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.1.3 Single Defect Affecting Multiple Gates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.2 Test Metrics for Small Delay Defect (SDD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2.1 Statistical Delay Quality Model (SDQM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2.2 Dropping Based on Slack Margin (DSM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2.3 Delay Test Coverage (DTC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.3 Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.3.1 Automatic Test Pattern Generation for SDD . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.3.2 Cell Aware Automatic Test Pattern Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
2.4 Sensitized Path Delay Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.4.1 Transition Arrival Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.4.2 Fault Effect Propagation Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.5 Upper Bounds Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.5.1 Static Upper Bounds Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.5.2 Dynamic Upper Bounds Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.6 Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.6.1 GPU Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.6.2 Past Research for GPU Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Chapter 3 Proposed Techniques 39
3.1 Simulation Results on FinFET Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.2 Tool Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
3.3 TARGET Metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.3.1 TARGET Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.3.2 TARGET SDQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.4 Propagation Timing Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
3.5 Arrival Time Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.6 Compact Dictionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.7 Untimed Fault Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
3.8 Test Pattern and Fault Dropping Criterion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.9 Timed Fault Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
3.10 Two-stage Greedy Test Pattern Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Chapter 4 Experimental Results 61
4.1 Compared with other ATPG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4.2 Effectiveness of Pattern/Fault Drop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Chapter 5 Discussion and Future Work 66
Chapter 6 Summary 68
Reference 7
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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