1,720,968 research outputs found
[[alternative]]On Lin Tai-yu: Red Chamber Dream and the Fairytales of goddesses
No full text[[abstract]]This paper attempts to explore the relationships between Lin Tai-yu, the heroine of Red Chamber Dream, and the goddesses in Chinese fairytales and folk stories since the earliest days. We want to prove that Tai-yu is a model character reflecting the true, the good and the beautiful of life. Moreover, the research finds that the narrative and lyric traditions are joined together in Red Chamber Dream.
We would make the discussion from three aspects:
l. The myths of "yao-grass" (a fabulous plant of fairyland) and the goddess of Mountain Wu: Lin Tai-yu, dying unmarried, maintains an image of virgin, a pure young lady, forever.
2. The delicate and touching young goddess in the Mountain Spirit of the Nine Songs and the tender and graceful goddess of Mountain Ku-yeh in Chuang-Tzu: Tai-yu, simple and pure, is fallen in Iove desperately and suffered bitterly.
3. The Prince and the Lady of the Hsiang River in the Nine Songs: love is a process of eternal search and pursuit; so Chia Pao-yu and Lin Tai-yu cannot unite in marriage and there is no happy ending in Red Chamber Dream.[[fileno]]JA01_2001_p10
Studies on the Relationship between DNA Sequence Variation in Waxy Gene and Kernel Quality of Inbrids and Hybrids in Maize
No full text為瞭解台灣廣泛栽培之玉米單交種之蠟質基因DNA序列變異與其和澱粉組成相關性狀之關聯性，本研究以2個白玉米、4個糯玉米、4個甜玉米及4個飼料玉米等共14個單交種品種，以及10種子粒透光度具有差異的白玉米種原為材料，探討蠟質基因與澱粉組成性狀之關係。為區分單交種異結合對偶基因之序列，本研究採用延長電泳時間、針對InDel上游區域SNP設計專一性引子及PCR產物之TA-分子選殖等3種方法，由結果顯示以TA-分子選殖之區分能力為最佳。澱粉組成相關性狀調查包括澱粉含量、直鏈性澱粉含量、白度(whiteness)及色度，結果得知甜玉米具有最低的澱粉含量，糯玉米具有最低的直鏈性澱粉含量，而白玉米與飼料玉米均具有高澱粉與直鏈性澱粉含量；而白度與色度分析結果顯示直鏈性澱粉含量越高，則白度越低，而色度分析結果則和果皮顏色具有高度相關。將各品種之蠟質基因DNA序列變異與外表型比較後顯示exon區域有18個變異，而intron區域則有64個變異；就變異比率而言，intron區域約為exon區域的4.5倍，且蠟質基因序列exon 12區域下游具有較大之變異比率；其中推測影響蠟質基因功能之變異位點為位於exon 7之30 bp缺失，以及位於exon 14中4380 bp(G/A)、4387 bp(G/C)與4472 bp(G/A)等共3個SNP，此4個變異皆造成蠟質基因產物之胺基酸缺失或改變。由NCBI搜尋包含玉米、大麥、水稻、小米及高粱等6個單子葉物種，和馬鈴薯、木薯、甘藷及豌豆等4個雙子葉物種之蠟質基因DNA序列後，由於物種間DNA序列變異過大，難以劃分保留區域，經單子葉/雙子葉進行分群後，發現單子葉作物群內變異較小，保留區域片段較大，而雙子葉作物則序列變異較大，保留區域片段較小，而單子葉與雙子葉作物群間則具有3個小片段之保留區，由此結果可知單子葉作物間蠟質基因演化速度較慢。本研究分析玉米單交種蠟質基因DNA序列變異性與澱粉組成相關性之結果，在不同用途之玉米品種改良上具應用潛力。In order to understand the association between DNA sequence variation of waxy genes, and kernel appearance traits related to starch composition of maize hybrids grown in Taiwan, two white corns, four waxy corns, four sweet corns, four feed corns and 10 waxy inbreds with various whiteness were used as materials. In this study, extension of electrophoresis time, designation of SNP-specific primer, and TA-cloning of PCR product were used to identify the alleles of hybrid F1. The result indicates that the TA-cloning is the most efficient way to identify hybrid alleles. To determine the kernel appearance traits, total starch content, amylose content, whiteness and L, a, b value were investigated. It was found that sweet corns had the least starch content and waxy corns had the least amylase content, but the most starch and amylose content were produced in the kernel of white corns and feed corns. Results from whiteness and color scale determination showed that high amylose lines had lower whiteness, and the L, a, b values were highly correlated with the pericarp. After comparing and analyzing the DNA sequences and kernel phenotypes, 18 variation sites in exon region, and 64 variation sites in intron region were observed. The sequence variation proportion is approximately 3.5 times higher in intron than in exon, and the down-stream region of exon 12 has the highest rate of variation. Four functional sequence variations, including 30 bp deletion in exon 7, SNPs on 4380 bp(G/A), 4387 bp(G/C) and 4472 bp(G/A), which caused amino acid substitution or deletion in waxy protein, were identified. The waxy gene sequences from 6 monocot species (including maize, barley, rice, millet and sorghum), and 6 dicot species (including potato, cassava, sweet potato and pea) extracted from NCBI database were aligned and analyzed. Only three conserved segments in waxy DNA sequences were identified because of the highly difference among the surveyed sequences. However, conserved regions in monocot crops are larger than in dicot ones. These results revealed the slower evolution rate in waxy genes of monocot species. The result in this study involved in the relationship between DNA sequence variation of waxy allele and kernel starch composition have application potential for breeding corns with different utilizations
On Lin Tai-yu --Beyond Everyday Dissolution
No full textThere have been two main opposing schools of thought evident in the field of Hung-lou Meng ('Dream of the Red Chamber', 'Story of the Stone') research hitherto : the 'Aestheticist, or Autobiographical Theory ' party and the 'Realistic, or Reconstruction of Socioeconomic History' party. The tendency, apparent in both schools, has been to snip out those parts of the work which seemed suitable, string them together arbitrarily, and then to brandish them as the decisive evidense. One cannot but feel wearied and repulsed by the appearance of this sort of baseless theoretical sterility. With the intention of fundamentally controverting this theoretical sterility from a completely different angle, this article deals with the individual character in the Hung-lou Meng upon whom the most acute problem of 'dissolution' bears-Lin Tai-yü. This has seemed a major key to getting a new grasp on the Hung-lou Meng as a whole, by going beyond the level of either the 'two beauties combined in one' theory, in which Tai-yü is joined with Hsüeh Pao-ch'ai, as advocated by the autobiographical school, or the 'theory of the opposition of Tai-yü and Pao-ch'ai' put forward by the 'reconstruction of the underlying structure' party. Surely, a person who must go on living under the constraint of whatever sort of 'circumstances' would crush this sort of 'ism' or 'theory' chatter just in the act of pulling free of them, even if they had no conscious awareness of the concept of 'circumstances'. The true importance of Lin Tai-yü is that she continued to resist assimilation towards that, even while gasping for the importance of everyone who had found a reasonable way of living under the circumstances by which they were constrained. This may have been felt by the author, Ts'ao Hsüeh-ch'in 曹雪芹, among the people by whom he was surrounded at the moment of writing, and one might say that it is something closely connected with a fundamental fault-line. 'Dissolution' in the Hung-lou Meng is more than merely a 'death and annihilation wish' on the part of Ts'ao Hsüeh-ch'in, and has a more lively force (for Ts'ao Hsüeh-ch'in, in the tenacity with which he went on 'writing', continuously came up against the 'monotony' which 'circumstances' force on human beings) and thus, the death of Lin Tai-yü is not basically disposed of by treating it as 'deathpreserving Beauty', not can it be seen as the 'death of a rebel'. In so far as the difficulty of things connected with the essence of 'circumstances' is not thoroughly understood, neither the Hung-lou Meng nor Ts'ao Hsüeh-ch'in can be truly reached
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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