177,337 research outputs found
Sulle divinazioni dei demoni
No full textComposto fra il 406 e il 411 d.C., il De
divinatione daemonum ha come obiettivo
polemico gli oracoli e le divinazioni dei
demoni del paganesimo: se è vero che nessuno
ne sa “una più del diavolo”, come sentenzia il
proverbio, che genere di conoscenza è quella
dei demoni? Intelligenza, saggezza, profezia,
prescienza, sapere pratico o semplice astuzia?
Come si concilia con l’onnipotenza di Dio e
in che modo si differenzia dalla sua infinita
sapienza? E che rapporto ha con la morale
e con la natura malvagia delle creature
demoniache?
Il volume, curato da Roberto Limonta,
presenta una nuova traduzione del De
divinatione daemonum, con l’originale
latino a fronte, ed è accompagnato da un
apparato introduttivo che ricostruisce il
contesto storico, la struttura del testo, la sua
storia editoriale e le fortune nella letteratura
teologica medievale e moderna
Il Trattato sulla predestinazione e prescienza divina riguardo ai futuri contingenti di Guglielmo di Ockham
No full textThis book offers to the reader not only the first Italian translation of the Tractatus (with a conspicous monography of more than 150 pp. and a rich apparatus of explanatory footnotes), but, for the first time in the world, also enriches it within a textual context (distinctiones 38, 39 e 40 of Ordinatio, chapters 7 and 27 of Summa Logicae, quaestio IV.4 of Quodlibeta, Quaestiones in Libros Physicorum 41 e 44, the “Prologus” of Expositio in libros Physicorum and a relevant translation of Expositio in Librum Perihermeneias Aristotelis). This leads to understand, both historically and theorically, and describe in a coherent way Ockham’s theory of contingency and shed a light over a new, pragmatist interpretation of his thought.Il presente lavoro per la prima volta mette a disposizione al lettore l'insieme dei testi - tradotti in italiano - sui futuri contingenti e la prescienza divina, costituisce la conclusione di una serie di monografie, iniziata con il numero della Rivista di Storia della Filosofia (I/2013) dedicato al variare della contingenza sulla lunga durata che va dall’età tardoantica alla modernità; si focalizza con l’analisi della prescienza, del fatalismo e dei futuri contingenti con particolare riferimento al l’emergere della centralità della contingenza nel contesto delle discussioni teologiche, nonché all’uso e alla mobilità delle loro fonti e delle pratiche di lettura che vi si sono esercitate, tra fine del secolo xiii e del xiv (R. Fedriga, La Sesta Prosa. Discussioni medievali su prescienza, libertà e contingenza, Milano-Udine 2015); prosegue con l’analisi della posizione di Ockham, a partire dagli usi e dagli abusi delle interpretazioni contemporanee dell’ockhamismo nel contesto del compatibilismo (Riccardo Fedriga e Roberto Limonta, "Metter le brache al mondo. Compatibilismo, conoscenza e libertà", Milano 2016), e si conclude con quest’opera. Tale serie di monografie, in sé indipendenti benché legate da un tema di fondo unitario che si articola unitariamente su un corpus di circa 1500 pp. complessive − la messa in questione del ruolo e funzione delle fonti, limiti e confini del dialogo con il passat
Fuga saeculi. Spiritualità monastica e crisi della civiltà nel pensiero tedesco del primo Novecento
No full textIn opposition to the mainstream of a contemporary thought dened as individualist and critical against the traditional values of Western Civilization, on one side,and to the reactionary recovery of a fake image of the Middle Ages, on the otherside, some authors of the early twentieth century belonging to the German lan- guage area found in the monastic spirituality and the medieval theological tra-ditions the source for thinking a new kind of society. Aim of this paper is, there- fore, to focus authors like Paul Landsberg, Hugo Ball, Martin Heidegger, RomanoGuardini, to show the crucial role of this philosophical tradition and his topics inthe discussions about a reformation of the contemporary society and a rethinkingof some principles of the Western Civilizatio
Audenter loquor. Thought Experiments and Counterfactuals in Peter Damian’s De divina omnipotentia
No full textBeginning in the 1990s, the medieval historiography has devoted increasing attention to the presence of thought experiments in the medieval philosophical sources. Following the line drawn by King, Perler, Grellard and Marenbon studies, this paper aims to use the concept of thought experiment as an historiographical category to explore the issues of Peter Damian’s dilemma, in the chapter I of De divina omnipotentia, about the capacity of the divine power to restore the virginity of a maiden who has lost it. In this perspective, the case of the virgin appears as a counterfactual scenario, that makes us understand how the question is not metaphysical but fundamentally epistemological. Peter Damian is not discussing about possible boundaries of God’s nature: he is rather arguing about the inability of the dialectic arguments to explain the omnipotence, in an attempt to define the cognitive and linguistic modes under which the human intellect could comprehend the virgin’s dilemma. The crucial step is the shift from possibilitas – intended as a statistical approach to the possible as “potential” – to potentia as a metaphysical attribute, regardless of her actualization: in this way, Peter Damian lifts the question up from the level of the human will, which often fails to grasp his objects, to the divine form of the will (the rectitudo voluntatis of the monastic theology), which unfailingly achieves his objectives
Undoing the Past. Necessitas per accidens e logica temporale nel De divina omnipotentia
No full textPeter Damian’s letter 119 De divina omnipotentia is characterized by two main issues: the dilemma about the God’s capacity to restore virginity to a woman and the question about the possibility of undoing the past. Despite the interweaving between these topics, they have to be distinguished in several respects. Aim of the paper will be, firstly, to isolate the two questions, starting with their textual loci; secondly, to focus on the dilemma about the divine capacity to undoing the past, showing that the key of Peter Damian’s argument is the concept of eternity as an epistemic principle, that allows him to define the omnipotence, in the case of the action on temporal necessity, as a sort of second level property of God; finally, to compare the Damian’s solution with some contemporary theories, developed during the debate on omnipotence in the second half of the 20th century, in order to find continuity and discontinuity factors that can help to better understand the coherence and effectiveness of medieval and contemporary arguments
Il demone sottile. Scienza e mito dell'intelligenza diabolica
No full textLa storia di un’idea che ha attraversato i secoli, dal mondo pagano e poi cristiano fino alle soglie dell’età contemporanea,
passando per il lungo millennio medievale: l’intelligenza del diavolo, che si manifesta nella preveggenza e in capacità
cognitive fuori dal comune. Ma qual è la natura di questo potere? Com’è possibile che Lucifero, principe degli angeli e
sommamente sapiente, abbia peccato? E ciò significa che l’intelligenza è intrinsecamente demoniaca? Conoscenza e bontà
possono convivere, e si può essere al contempo intelligenti e malvagi, o addirittura malvagi perché intelligenti? Tutti
interrogativi che si raccolgono attorno alla figura teologica del diavolo e al suo “scandaloso” potere cognitivo.
Una questione che si muove tra filosofia, teologia, letteratura, scienza e mito, tessendo le fila di una storia intellettuale
che vede spesso come protagonisti autori e testi poco noti, ma capaci di raccogliere il testimone di auctoritas come Agostino
d’Ippona e Anselmo d’Aosta, Dante e Tommaso d’Aquino, Cartesio e Voltaire
RECENSIONE: Renato de Filippis, Ernesto Sergio Mainoldi (a cura di), La triade dell’Essere. Essenza-Potenza-Atto nel pensiero tardo-antico, medievale e rinascimentale, Brepols, Turnhout 2022, pp. 650, s.i.p.
No full textLinguaggio e spazio del silenzio in Anselmo d'Aosta
No full textThe aim of this paper is to investigate the connection, in Anselm of Canterbury,
between theological issues, monastic culture and linguistic analysis.
The reasoning is based on chapter thirteen of De veritate and develops
the idea of truth without significatio that arises from those pages. Generally
credited to the logical aspects of the Anselmian thought, the theory really
needs to be understood in the light of the concepts of listening, silence,
human and divine word, inside a tradition that traces its origins to Paul of
Tarsus, Augustine and the Regula of Benedikt of Norcia. The analysis will
show how the silence must be intended as a crucial notion in the Anselmian theory of truth. In this context, the meaning of silence is threefold: language
of God, soundless language of the things and, finally, mental place
where true propositions can be thought
Weakness of will and freedom of will in Thomas Aquinas
No full textThis paper aims to retrace the lines of Aquinas' theory of the plurality of philosophical uses of the semantics of the term incontinentia in the context of his sources. The Dominican theologian, even related to the mainstream of the Aristotelian akrasia, relies on different kind of sources, such as the Christian theological tradition (St. Paul and Augustine, in particular). In order to tries to understand the historical and philosophical reasons for variations of using a term, as well as their systematic significance, the paper shall underlines Aquino's commitments in His uses of incontinentia as conceptual translation of akrasia in the tradition of Aritstotle's Greek-Arabic commentaries. In the meantime, philosophical historical semantics, allows to retrace different frameworks, sources and traditions, both theological and moral, o/incontinentia when it occurs in theological texts such as Summa Theologiae
Prophetae non dixerunt falsum. Perceptual space and semantical space in peter Auriol's and William of Ockham's theories on prophecy
No full textIn this article we intend to explore the use of the prophetic statements in some epistemic models of XIVth-century theology. Specifically, we shall focus on Peter Auriol's and William of Ockham's theories : Although they lead to different solutions, these theories are grounded on a common linguistic approach to the topic. For XIVth-century theologians, the prophecy becomes a kind of epistemic test, useful to verify coherence and firmness of the theories of knowledge. Peter Auriol manages to reconcile divine foreknowledge, future contingents and human free will with a distinction of epistemological levels. In the case of prophecies, God apprehends things and facts in the modes that are proper to his own knowledge, i.e. necessarily determined as true or false. This ensures a ground to the logic and ontological order of creation. In the same way, human knowledge apprehends in her own mode, i.e. with all the contingency of the events collocated in space and time, so securing the openness of the future and the freedom of the human will. For Ockham instead, in the wake of Duns Scotus's definition of theology as practical science, prophetic statements have a pragmatic and semiotic nature. They are not principally descriptions or predictions of facts, but regulative signs : prophetic statements must so be intended as speech acts with a performative nature, that indicate to the viator how to rightly act and connect linguistic terms and factual events according to the simplicity of the order created by God
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