5,639 research outputs found
IBE903375 Supplemental Material - Supplemental material for Exploring the effect of mattress cushion materials on human–mattress interface temperatures, pre-sleep thermal state and sleep quality
No full textSupplemental material, IBE903375 Supplemental Material for Exploring the effect of mattress cushion materials on human–mattress interface temperatures, pre-sleep thermal state and sleep quality by Xiaxia Li, Bo Zhou, Liming Shen and Zhihui Wu in Indoor and Built Environment</p
Implied Author, Overall Consideration, and Subtext of "Desiree's Baby"
No full textThis essay explores how to infer from a text the image of the implied author. It examines Kate Chopin's "Desiree's Baby" (1893), which has been widely regarded as an indictment of racism but which an "overall consideration" of the implied author's choices will lead us to see as a racist text. Through the interaction of various details in the text, the implied author suggests three racist dichotomies: (1) white characters' nondiscrimination versus black characters' discrimination, (2) positive slavery under white masters versus negative slavery under a black master, and (3) superior whites versus inferior blacks. This implied racist stance reflects the historical context of Chopin's personal experiences, but it contrasts with the quite different racial stances of the implied authors of some other Chopin narratives with different thematic designs. The complexity of the narratives under the name "Kate Chopin" offers an opportunity not only to gain a better understanding of the concept of implied author but also to clarify the relations (connections as well as disparities) among textual, intertextual, and extratextual evidence in literary interpretation in general.LiteratureA&HCI4ARTICLE2285-3113
“Shen Congwen Literary Thought and the Development of Chinese Modern Literature”
No full textThe study presents a reflection on the Chinese literature at the beginning of the twentieth century prompted by an examination of the non-fiction works written by Shen Congwen. This author wrote between the 1920s and 1940s and was driven by his conviction that literature would have changed China’s future. He concentrated on issues such as originality, creativity and imagination, without which he felt literary works could not be produced, and encouraged young authors to carry out research on style and experimentation in order to create a new body of literature and a new poetical language in a particularly delicate moment of Chinese history influenced by an escalation of Marxist aesthetic theories
Shen Gua (1031-1095) et les sciences
No full textSummary. — Shen Gua (1031-1095) is the author of a famous collection of notes which treat a great variety of subjects. Most modern historians of Chinese science consider him to have been the greatest Chinese « scientist » of the Middle Ages. However, before the twentieth century, Shen Gua was regarded, even in China, as an outstanding literary scholar, not a man of science. What is the significance of such a radical change of viewpoint, and what is the true nature of Shen Gua's works ? We try to outline answers to such questions by examining both the historio graphical background of Chinese science and Shen Gua's works as they appear in their historical context.Résumé. — Shen Gua (1031-1095) est l'auteur d'un célèbre recueil de notes abordant des sujets extrêmement variés. La plupart des historiens actuels des sciences chinoises le considèrent comme le plus grand « homme de science » du Moyen Age. Pourtant^ avant le xxe siècle, en Chine même, on rattachait généralement Shen Gua à la littérature plutôt qu'à la science. Quelle est la signification d'un changement de point de vue aussi radical et quelle est la véritable nature de l'œuvre de Shen Gua ? Nous tentons d'esquisser les réponses à de telles questions en examinant à la fois l'arrière-plan historiographique des sciences chinoises et l'œuvre de Shen Gua telle qu'elle se présente dans son contexte historique.Brenier Joël, Dieny Colette, Martzloff Jean Claude, De Wieclawik Wladislaw. Shen Gua (1031-1095) et les sciences. In: Revue d'histoire des sciences, tome 42, n°4, 1989. Problème d'Histoire des Sciences en Chine (1) pp. 333-351
Crop growth inhibited by over-liming in tea plantations
No full textLiming is a common strategy applied to attain optimal pH for tea growth in severely acidic soils. Tea however is a calciphobous plant, and the effects of liming on its growth and nutrient uptake remain poorly understand. Therefore, it is necessary to better understand the effects of liming on soil chemical properties and tea nutrient content. In this study, a tea plantation that had exhibited large variation in growth after liming was selected as a study site. We categorized plots into two growth condition groups: Plot 1 (poor growth) and Plot 2 (excellent growth). Tea nutrient levels, and soil chemical properties were then compared between the two groups. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and transformed vegetation index (TVI) values were significantly higher and lower, respectively, in Plot 2 than in Plot 1. Yield, number of buds per m2, and 100-bud weight were significantly higher in Plot 2. These results were attributed to higher N, K, and Al concentrations and lower Ca concentrations in leaves, and lower pH and available Ca and higher available Al in soil. Leaf concentrations of K and Al were significantly negatively correlated with leaf concentrations of Ca and soil pH. A positive relationship was observed between leaf concentrations of K and Al, indicating inhibited K and Al uptake due to over-liming, restricting tea growth. In conclusion, our results show that tea growth will be restricted by over-liming, as a result of the high soil pH and Ca concentration inhibiting the K and Al uptake
∗ Corresponding author.
No full textPseudo-splines constitute a new class of refinable functions with B-splines, interpolatory refinable functions and refinable functions with orthonormal shifts as special examples. Pseudo-splines were first introduced by Daubechies, Han, Ron and Shen in [10] and Selenick in [36], and their properties were extensively studied by Dong and Shen in [11]. It was further shown by Dong and Shen in [12] that the shifts of an arbitrarily given pseudo-spline are linearly independent. This implies the existence of biorthogonal dual refinable functions (of pseudo-splines) with an arbitrarily prescribed regularity. However, except for B-splines, there is no explicit construction of biorthogonal dual refinable functions with any given regularity. This paper focuses on an implementable scheme to derive a dual refinable function with a prescribed regularity. This automatically gives a construction of smooth biorthogonal Riesz wavelets with one of them being a pseudo-spline. As an example, an explicit formula of biorthogonal dual refinable functions of the interpolatory refinable function is given. Key words: B-spline, biorthogonal Riesz wavelets, interpolatory, pseudo-spline, Riesz wavelets
A Research on Sun Shen-Xing’s Philosophical Thought
No full text本文以孫慎行（1565-1636）之儒家思想作為研究對象，所使用的文獻主要聚焦在《困思抄》與《慎獨義》上。黃宗羲（1610-1695）於《明儒學案》云：「東林之學，涇陽導其源，景逸始入細，至先生而集其成矣」，顯示孫慎行之思想於晚明東林學派發展中，具有一定的重要性與代表性；然而，學術界歷來鮮少關注孫慎行，其著作亦缺乏考訂與整理。有見及此，本文以《困思抄》與《慎獨義》版本的考證與文獻的整理作為研究之基石，從中觀察孫慎行問題意識之起源以及思想發展脈絡的演變。 因此，本文第二章即分別概述現存《困思抄》與《慎獨義》版本之概況與成書之原由。第三章以《困思抄》的內容，結合孫慎行早期辨性、辨命、辨心、辨氣質的問題意識，重新分析慎行如何在「氣質」與「理義」為一的架構下詮釋「性」、「命」、「心」三個概念，以此代表孫慎行前期思想之概況。第四章則以《慎獨義》為中心，透過「慎獨」義與相關概念前後期的轉變，指出孫慎行之惟學工夫如何從前期不思勉的「誠意慊心」，收攝至可思勉的「學問思辨行」上。慎行前期的工夫思路，是從天道來引導人道，仰賴自身的天然明覺；後期的工夫思路，則轉為由「學問思辨行」之人道確立天道，透過具體的向外實踐，使天道得以凝定，而能真正引導人道。 總結來說，孫慎行思想重視「實」，不使性理落於虛無。然而，他在論述時，所使用的概念意指多與一般認知不同，導致在經典詮釋上往往有創造性的解讀，而易於大眾理解。孫慎行思想雖兼有心學和理學的風格，然從工夫路線的修正，可發現慎行理學的色彩與經世致用的風格更為濃厚，反映明清之際學術轉型的一種面向。The purpose of this thesis is to investigate Sun Shen-Xing(1565-1636)’s Confucian thought, based on the text of Kun Si Chao and Shen Du Yi. Hwang Zong-Xi (1610-1695) said in the Ming Ru Xue An, “Sun Shen-Xing epitomized the thought of Donglin School,” which indicated that Sun Shen-Xing’s philosophical thought was significant and representative in the development of Donglin School in late Ming. However, Sun Shen-Xing’s philosophical thought and his writings haven’t been noted and focused on in academic. In view of this, this thesis probes into the origin of Shen-Xing’s problem consciousness and the development of his Confucian thought via document arrangement and textual research. Therefore, chapter II gives a general overview of the version of Kun Si Chao and Shen Du Yi, and separately introduces Sun Shen-Xing’s writing motions and the process of publication. In chapter III, with the context of Kun Si Chao and Shen-Xing’s former problem consciousness, the author analyzed how Shen-Xing interpreted the conception of “human nature(xing),” “destiny(ming),” and “mind(xin)” under his thinking structure that temperament(qi zhi) and righteousness(li yi) are two sides of a coin. In chapter IV, based on Shen Du Yi, the author focused on the change of Shen-Xing’s explanation of self-discipline(shen du), pointed out that Sun Shen-Xing converged moral Kungfu on “extensive study”, “accurate inquiry”, “careful reflection”, “clear discrimination,” “earnest practice,” making a great effort into the way of human instead of only being guided by the way of heaven. In summary, Sun Shen-Xing’s philosophical thought is practical, turning metaphysics into daily human relationships, placing a high value on practice. However, as he re-interpreted the text of classics, the signified he used usually differed from common sense, resulting in his alternative concepts hard to read and understand. Despite the fact that Sun Shen-Xing’s philosophical thought was full of the characteristic of both Li School and Xin School, with the passing of time, Shen-Xing’s kungfu theory was more obviously inclined to Li School and for practical use in his later years, which reflects one aspect of the academic transformation from ming dynasty to qing dynasty
Research on Conflicts between Urbanism and Ruralism in Cong-wen Shen\ue2s Novels
No full textThe main purpose of the thesis is to analyze the phenomenon of conflicts between urbanism and ruralism, which reveals the development of early Chinese society and social collective consciousness, thereby comprehending the social meanings of Congwen Shen\ue2s novels; to explore the connection of themes of conflicts between urbanism and ruralism, tradition of the May Fourth realistic literature, and the early local realistic literature, and to interpret the literary meanings of Shen\ue2s novels. Besides the introduction and conclusion, the text is divided into three parts:
Chapter Two is the ordination of sociologists\ue2 research on the transition of Chinese society from Ching dynasty to 1949, to serve as the frame of reference of Shen\ue2s novels for later-on discussion. Chapter Three is to apply Lucien Goldmann\ue2s literary critique to analyzing the binary opposite structure in Shen\ue2s novels and homologies of Chinese economy, politics, cultural transition, and collective consciousness. Chapter Four is to analyze the theme of urban and rural conflicts in Shen\ue2s novels, which may inherit from the tradition of realistic literature, to compare similarity and dissimilarity of the important local realistic literature in 1920s or 1930s, and to explore how the author and the social collective keep objectivism and subjectivism in balance, thereby evaluating the status of Shen\ue2s novels in early Chinese literature
Shen Zengzhi shi ge yan jiu =. A study of the poetry of Shen Zengzhi
No full textPh.D.This dissertation examines the poetry of Shen Zengzhi (1850-1922), a towering politician, scholar and poet of the late Qing and early Republican eras. Shen witnessed political turmoil and drastic cultural changes, and his poems offer us a window to peer into his mind. Shen escaped to the Shanghai International Settlement after the Revolution of 1911. It was a city where the local and the foreign, the classical and the modern existed side by side. Poetry was the vehicle for Shen to redefine himself and shape the world in his vision.Shen Zengzhi was an erudite poet who employed a wealth of traditional resources to compose his poems. His poetry was highly esteemed by contemporary poets and intellectuals. For readers of later generations, however, his works are notoriously difficult and obscure, because expressions in his poems are loaded with meaning from the context in which they are immersed and are often politically allegorical. Despite the superb literary quality and the invaluable historic value, a critical analysis of the poems is a task that has not yet been completed.As a cultural conservatist, Shen’s major concern was the Confucian “five bonds,” which involved five principle social relations: ruler to ruled, father to son, husband to wife, elder brother to younger brother, and friend to friend. Entering the modern era, the Chinese people experienced drastic changes: the monarchical system was overthrown, families fell apart, and friends fought each other because of opposing political views. As a Qing loyalist, Shen took part in the Manchu Restoration. During this period, many of Shen’s works were concerned with historical and political events. Shen chose the form of traditional poetry to express his feelings and thoughts and to reconcile his inner struggles. Employing the “five bonds” as an analytical frame, I will examine the political, ethical and subjective concerns expressed in his poetry.By examining the symbolism, metaphors and other formal skills of his works, by explicating the classical and topical allusions that he employed, and by contextualizing his works within the historical and social environments he inhabited during their composition, we will come to a better understanding of Shen’s works.沈曾植 (1850-1922) 為近代中國最重要的舊體詩人之一，其《海日樓詩》素以艱澀著稱，加上沈氏一生經歷清末民初的世變，詩益奧僻。清末以來的鉅變，造成傳統價值體系崩塌，沈曾植將一代遺老的「信、願、行」包裹於充滿歧義的古代僻典與今典裡，上接了遺民詩學中最精微的虞山一脈。儘管有學者錢仲聯的注本作指引，現代學界對於沈曾植詩歌的理解、研究仍嚴重不足。晚清民初舊體詩的價值近來正被重估，沈氏為「同光體之魁傑」，其詩中藝術、思想、歷史價值極高，且是遺民詩學進入現代之一關鍵，有再深入審視、探悉的必要。清帝遜位，共和肇造，詩人沈曾植的核心關懷為倫理，這也影響了其政治舉措如丁巳 (1917) 復辟。本研究以五倫作為考察其作品的基本框架，透過君臣、朋友、家人輻射出去的「人際關係學」，試圖更精準地把握其人其詩。五倫之內，君臣為秩序之首，通過曾植賦詠帝后的詩作，本文討論了清季君臣之關係及詩人彌縫倫理的用心。透過對明遺民的書寫，詩人思考了出處、死義等問題，也呈現了清末一代遺民個人風格化、美學化的傾向。遺老賦詩、同聲相求產生的群體共同感，已獲不少關注，此處轉向析論沈氏與友朋政爭的「怨」之詩。從變法到復辟，亂世之中，諸人交誼分合的隱微詩章，無不交織著繁複的政治、歷史、文化光影。中國傳統家庭價值於清季遭遇了莫大衝擊，《海日樓詩》詠家人卻充滿秩序感。細索生平，詩人的夫婦、兄弟、父子一倫都有缺憾，本研究進入生命現場，加以還原、清理，進一步賦予意義。論文最後由內而外，關注沈曾植的上海租界生活。摩登上海，聲色繁華，遺老詩人以詩調和緊張與不安，藏城市於丘壑；更調度了中國傳統文明龐雜的知識、典故、技藝，佔據了一座華夷雜揉的城市。《海日樓詩》為當時時代精神之一表徵，它提供了我們觀察近代歷史與政治裡，一名傳統知識份子迎拒現代的歷程。陳建銘."2019年9月".Parallel title from added title page.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2019.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 200-221).Abstracts in Chinese and English.Title from PDF title page (viewed on February 11, 2022).Chen Jianming
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