34,960 research outputs found
A comment on "Intergenerational equity: sup, inf, lim sup, and lim inf"
No full textWe reexamine the analysis of Chambers (Social Choice and Welfare, 2009), that produces a characterization of a family of social welfare functions in the context of intergenerational equity: namely, those that coincide with either the sup, inf, lim sup, or lim inf rule. Reinforcement, ordinal covariance, and monotonicity jointly identify such class of rules. We show that the addition of a suitable axiom to this three properties permits to characterize each particular rule. A discussion of the respective distinctive properties is provided.Social welfare function; Intergenerational equity; Lim sup ; Lim inf
Multiple functions of LIM domain-binding CLIM/NLI/Ldb cofactors during zebrafish development
No full textThe crucial involvement of CLIM/NLI/Ldb cofactors for the exertion of the biological activity of LIM homeodomain transcription factors (LIM-HD) has been demonstrated. In this paper we show that CLIM cofactors are widely expressed during zebrafish development with high protein levels in specific neuronal cell types where LIM-HD proteins of the Isl class are synthesized. The overexpression of a dominant-negative CLIM molecule (DN-CLIM) that contains the LIM interaction domain (LID) during early developmental stages of zebrafish embryos results in an impairment of eye and midbrain-hindbrain boundary (MHB) development and disturbances in the formation of the anterior midline. On a cellular level we show that the outgrowth of peripheral but not central axons from Rohon Beard (RB) and trigeminal sensory neurons is inhibited by DN-CLIM overexpression. We demonstrate a further critical role of CLIM cofactors for axonal outgrowth of motor neurons. Additionally, DN-CLIM overexpression causes an increase of Isl-protein expression levels in specific neuronal cell types, likely due to a protection of the DN-CLIM/LIM-HD complex from proteasomal degradation. Our results demonstrate multiple roles of the CLIM cofactor family for the development of entire organs, axonal outgrowth of specific neurons and protein expression levels
The influence of high-intensity exercise training on the W(lim)-T(lim) relationship
No full textWhen exercise to exhaustion is performed using at least two different intensities, work to fatigue (W(lim)) can be expressed as a linear function of time to fatigue (T(lim)). Whereas the slope of this function is related to endurance ability, the y-intercept is associated with the potential to perform high intensity interval exercise. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the influence of 8-wk intermittent high-intensity exercise training on the y-intercept derived from the W(lim)-T(lim) relationship. Eight healthy, untrained male students (19.1 +/- 0.6 yr) completed five 60-s bouts of maximal exercise on the cycle ergometer, three times a week, for 8 wk. Seven controls avoided regular activity for the same period. Prior to and immediately following the training period, the W(lim)-T(lim) relationship, VO2max, and total work completed in five 60-s exercise bouts on the cycle ergometer were determined. Correlational analysis established relationships between the y-intercept and total work accomplished in the interval test pre- (r = 0.90; P < 0.01; N = 15) and post-training (r = 0.92; P < 0.0 1; N = 15), confirming that the y-intercept is related to the ability to perform exercise of this nature. Moreover, the ''anaerobic'' energy yield, calculated from total work and oxygen consumed during the interval exercise, was also related to the y-intercept (r = 0.78; P < 0.01). Interval training significantly increased both the y-intercept (P = 0.0015) and total work accomplished in the interval test (P = 0.001), while the slope of the W(lim)-T(lim) relationship (critical power) remained unchanged. Changes in the y-intercept were correlated to changes in total work accomplished (r = 0.85; P < 0.01). Furthermore, peak post-exercise plasma lactate concentration resulting from the interval task increased from 12.2 +/- 1.6 to 16.3 +/- 0.9 mmol.-1 (P = 0.003), while oxygen consumed during this exercise demand was not significantly changed with training (P = 0. 166). The present study has demonstrated that not only does the y-intercept of the W(lim)-T(lim) relationship provide a measure of the ability to undertake repeated bouts of maximal, high intensity exercise, but that this particular characteristic is also responsive to exhaustive interval training
Four and a half LIM protein 1C (FHL1C)
No full textFour-and-a-half LIM domain protein 1 isoform A (FHL1A) is predominantly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Mutations in the FHL1 gene are causative for several types of hereditary myopathies including X-linked myopathy with postural muscle atrophy (XMPMA). We here studied myoblasts from XMPMA patients. We found that functional FHL1A protein is completely absent in patient myoblasts. In parallel, expression of FHL1C is either unaffected or increased. Furthermore, a decreased proliferation rate of XMPMA myoblasts compared to controls was observed but an increased number of XMPMA myoblasts was found in the G(0)/G(1) phase. Furthermore, low expression of K(v1.5), a voltage-gated potassium channel known to alter myoblast proliferation during the G(1) phase and to control repolarization of action potential, was detected. In order to substantiate a possible relation between K(v1.5) and FHL1C, a pull-down assay was performed. A physical and direct interaction of both proteins was observed in vitro. In addition, confocal microscopy revealed substantial colocalization of FHL1C and K(v1.5) within atrial cells, supporting a possible interaction between both proteins in vivo. Two-electrode voltage clamp experiments demonstrated that coexpression of K(v1.5) with FHL1C in Xenopus laevis oocytes markedly reduced K(+) currents when compared to oocytes expressing K(v1.5) only. We here present the first evidence on a biological relevance of FHL1C
Voltage-controlled quantum valley Hall effect in dielectric membrane-type acoustic metamaterials
No full textThe research interest on phononic crystals now takes a new turn towards the acoustic/elastic analogies of the quantum concepts, e.g., the quantum Hall, quantum spin Hall and quantum valley Hall effects. One hallmark of these fundamental physical phenomena is the existence of topological edge/interface modes that propagate through the system along a designed path, with high robustness against week disorders. However, the working frequency ranges of the proposed topological phononic systems are usually very narrow, which therefore pose a clear limitation in practical applications. Motivated by this difficulty, we design and study a membrane-type metamaterial with tunable topological properties. The plane wave expansion method is employed to analyze its dispersion relation. A theoretical method is further proposed to conveniently calculate the valley Chern number. The theoretical and numerical results show the existence of topologically protected interface mode in the system. Its frequency range can be changed over a wide range by applying an electrical voltage, while the localization behavior of the interface mode is independent of the controlling operation. Consequently, we have successfully shown that the working frequency range of the topological phononic systems so derived can be significantly `broadened' and hence the practical application may be dramatically widened
A Physics-Informed Neural Network Method for Defect Identification in Polymer Composites Based on Pulsed Thermography †
No full textDefect detection in composite materials using active thermography is a well-studied field, and many thermographic data analysis methods have been proposed to facilitate defect visibility enhancement. In this work, we introduce a deep learning method that is constrained by known heat transfer phenomena described by a series of governing equations, also known in the literature as the physics-informed neural network (PINN). The accurate reconstruction of background information based on thermal images facilitates the identification of subsurface defects and reduction in noises caused by an uneven background and heating. The authors illustrate the method’s feasibility through experimental results obtained after pulsed thermography (PT) on a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) specimen
Dynamic interaction analysis of a LIM train and elevated bridge system
No full textA three-dimensional dynamic interaction model is developed for a LIM (linear induction motor) train and elevated bridge system, which is composed of a LIM-driven vehicle submodel and a finite element bridge submodel. Each LIM vehicle is modeled by a 27
Efficient and spectrally accurate numerical methods for computing ground and first excited states in Bose-Einstein condensates
No full textGoniozus mesolevis Lim, sp. nov.
No full textGoniozus mesolevis Lim, sp. nov. (Figs 25–32) Type materials. Holotype. KOREA: JN: Ƥ, Pungsan, Dado, Naju, MT, 30.viii– 9.ix. 2005, S. B. Yu leg (KFRI). Paratypes. KOREA: Seoul: Ƥ, Cheongyangri, Dongdaemun, MT, 12–20.ix. 2005, D. P. Lyu leg. (KFRI). GG: Ƥ, Gwanak arboretum, Manan, Anyang, MT, 31 viii– 14.ix. 2007, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU). GW: Ƥ, Jinae, Dong, Chuncheon, MT, 2–10.vii. 2005, S. J. Jang leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 16–30.vi. 2006, S. J. Jang leg. (SNU); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 31.vii– 12.viii. 2007, S. J. Jang leg. (KFRI). CN: Ƥ, Donam, Banpo, Gongju, MT, 2–9.viii. 2005, Y. T. Kim leg. (KFRI); 2 Ƥ, ditto, MT, 23–29.vii. 2007, Y. T. Kim leg. (KFRI). GB: Ƥ, Namsa, Hyeongok, Kyeongju, MT, 11–18.viii. 2005, J. T. Kim leg. (SNU); 2 Ƥ, ditto, MT, 25.viii– 2.ix. 2005, J. T. Kim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 30.vi– 14.vii. 2005, J. T. Kim leg. (SNU). GN: 5 Ƥ, Dapcheon, Ibanseong, Jinju, MT, 12–26.ix. 2005, B. G. Ahn leg. (KFRI); 2 Ƥ, ditto, MT, 29.viii– 12.ix. 2005, B. G. Ahn leg. (KFRI); 2 Ƥ, ditto, MT, 11–28.vi. 2007, B. G. Ahn leg. (KFRI). JB: Ƥ, Majeong, Buk, Jeongeub, MT, 12–19.vii. 2005, J. W. Park leg. (KFRI); 4 Ƥ, ditto, MT, 19–26.vii. 2005, J. W. Park leg. (KFRI); 3 Ƥ, ditto, MT, 20–27.ix. 2005, J. W. Park leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 2–9.viii. 2005, J. W. Park leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 5–12.vii. 2005, J. W. Park leg. (KFRI). JN: Ƥ, Pungsan, Dado, Naju, MT, 25.vii– 8.viii. 2005, S. B. Yu leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 8–16.viii. 2005, S. B. Yu leg. (KFRI); 9 Ƥ, ditto, MT, 9–30.ix. 2005, S. B. Yu leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 25–31.viii. 2007, S. B. Yu leg. (KFRI). Diagnosis. This species species is similar to G. kusigematii Terayama, 1999 from Japan by having basal triangle area on propodeal disc absent, by longitudinal smooth area which get wide distally on propodeal disc, but can be easily distinguished from it by mandible black (yellow in G. k u s i g e m a t i i), by compound eye with short hairs (compound eye without hairs in G. kusigematii), by transverse carina on propodeal disc present only postero-lateral corner (transverse carina complete in G. k u s i g e m a t i i). Description. FEMALE (holotype). Body length 3.7 mm long. LFW 2.0 mm. Color. Head: mandible black, antenna yellow except flagellomere 5 to 11 and dorsal surface of basal half of scape castaenous. Mesosoma: black; fore wing subhyaline, veins pale castaneous; legs castaenous except coxa, tibia and tarsi yellow; tarsal claw dark castaenous. Metasoma: dark castaneous except distal surface of terga 2 to terminal pale castaenous. Head (Figs 26–28): 1.0 × as long as wide, coriaceous; lateral margin convex, posterior margin straight, postero-lateral corner forming round angle in dorsal view; lateral surface smooth and polished. Mandible with four minute teeth. Clypeus well-developed, frontal angle right; fronto-clypeal median longitudinal carina weakly developed, exceeding antennal socket. First antennal segment in ratio of 2.4: 1.1: 1.0: 1.2: 1.1 in length; from scape to flagellomere 3 and 11 2.2, 1.4, 1.4, 1.3, 1.5 and 2.0 × as long as wide, Frons and vertex coriaceous with sub-erect and relatively dense punctures, aparted from each other by 1.0–2.0 × as wide as their maximum diameter. WF 1.3 × LE, WF 0.7 × WH. Compound eye 0.35 mm long with short erect hairs. LE 1.6 × OOL, WF 1.9 × WOT. Frontal angle of ocellar triangle obtuse, POL 2.3 × AOL, OOL 0.9 × WOT. Vertex coriaceous with four long hairs on occipital margin. Mesosoma (Figs 29–31): Pronotum coriaceous, 0.6 × as long as wide with sparse hairs, antero-lateral corner obtuse. Mesoscutum coriaceous; notauli absent; parapsidal furrows thin and anteriorly divergent. Scutellum polish and coriaceous with sparse small punctures; scutellar pit elliptical, oblique and connected by 3.8 × as wide as their maximum diameter. Propodeal disc 0.5 × as long as wide, lateral carina complete, transverse carina present only postero-lateral corner; disc coriaceous except median longitudinal smooth surface, distally broaden in dorsal view; declivity coriaceous with complete marginal carina; lateral surface coriaceous. Fore wing with hairs and closed areolet; radial vein roundly curved; pterostigma 0.18 mm long; metacarpo absent. Metasoma (Fig. 32): Tergite 1 smooth and polished without fine punctures and microreticulation. Terga 2–4 smooth and polished with very fine and few punctures and sparse hairs on lateral surface. Terga 5 to terminal with sparse hairs on distal surface. MALE. Unknown. Distribution. Korea (CN, GB, GG, GN, GW, JB, JN, Seoul).Published as part of Lim, Jongok & Lee, Seunghwan, 2012, Review of Goniozus Förster, 1856 (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Korea, with descriptions of two new species, pp. 43-57 in Zootaxa 3414 on pages 51-53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21079
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