1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Nutritional composition and antiobesity effects of germinated brown rice in vitro and in vivo
Get PDFObesity is a condition of abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the body that poses potential health-threatening on one person. This study was carried out to
determine the nutritional values of germinated brown rice (GBR) and to investigate its potential application for obesity treatment by using in vitro and in vivo models.
Nutritional composition of GBR was determined. In the in vitro study, GBR was extracted separately by employing different solvents with ultrasound-assisted method. Pancreatic lipase activity was determined spectrophotometrically. Adipogenesis and lipolysis were assayed in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes
by using Oil Red O staining and glycerol release measurement. In the in vivo study,46 male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with either normal diet or high fat diet
(HFD; 52% fat, 35% carbohydrate and 13% protein from total energy, kcal) for 8 weeks obesity induction. After obtaining their baseline data, the rats were divided
into five groups: normal diet control (NC), HFD positive control (PC), HFD supplemented with 25% GBR (25T), HFD supplemented with 50% GBR (50T) and HFD supplemented with 100% GBR (100T). Each group of the rats was provided
with their respectively diets over another 8 weeks. Therapeutic effects of GBR against obesity in obese rats were studied via assessing the body weight (BW) gain, food intake level, plasma lipids profile, fasting blood glucose level and plasma leptin level. Histology of liver and adipose tissue were also performed. Energy content of GBR was 390.95 ± 11.31 kcal/100 g and carbohydrate (54.30 ± 1.04 g/100 g) was the most abundant nutrient. The predominant minerals in GBR were potassium, magnesium and sodium. In the in vitro study, GBR hexane extract
showed the highest inhibitory effect (13.58 ± 0.86%) at concentration of 200 μg/ml on pancreatic lipase activity. At concentration of 300 μg/ml, water extract of GBR
significantly decreased (p< 0.05) lipid accumulation compared with control with 61.55 ± 3.82% of Oil Red O staining material (OROSM), a marker of adipogenesis,
followed by ethyl acetate extract (OROSM= 65.17 ± 3.13%). All the GBR extracts induced lipolysis with 1.22-1.83 fold of greater glycerol release than control. The
in vivo study showed BW gain (16.88 ± 10.12 g) and food intake (12.00 ± 0.86 g) were significantly lowered (p< 0.05) in 100T group compared with other groups.
The antiobesity effects of GBR in 100T group were further confirmed with the lowest in total white adipose tissue weight (4.55 ± 1.31 g/100g BW) and liver weight (2.70 ± 0.25 g/100g BW) compared with other groups. Lower plasma leptin level and improvement of plasma total cholesterol level and triglycerides level plus restoring the decrement in HDL-cholesterol level were observed in GBR administered obese rats. Higher fat excretion in the faeces, shrinking in adipocytes size and lesser micro- and macrovesicular steatosis were evident in GBR
administered obese rats. In conclusion, this study showed that GBR exhibited antiobesity effects through inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase, decrease fat accumulation by adipocyte differentiation inhibition, stimulate lipolysis on adipocytes and reduced weight gain, food intake, white adipose tissue mass and leptin level together with improvement in plasma lipid profiles and micro-and macrovesicular steatosis in HFD-induced obese rats
Investigating the Effects of High Amylose Wheat on Metabolic, Gastrointestinal and Reproductive Outcomes Using A Mouse Model
Get PDFHigh amylose wheat (HAW) is a novel wheat variety with markedly higher levels of amylose, resistant starch and nutrients and a lower glycaemic index compared to commercial standard amylose wheat (SAW) and therefore may confer additional health benefits. While a few studies have indicated that HAW can improve some aspects of metabolic and gastrointestinal health, there was a limited understanding of whether and to what extent these effects varied according to the level of HAW consumed. Furthermore, no studies had determined whether these effects differed between males and females. While improved dietary quality, including increased whole grain intake, has been associated with improved reproductive parameters, the potential impact of HAW on reproductive health had also not been determined. Therefore, the central aim of this thesis was to determine the effects of HAW on metabolic, gastrointestinal and reproductive health outcomes in healthy lean male and female mice. In Chapter 2, consumption of HAW (35-65% w/w) for eight weeks was associated with a sex-specific effect on several metabolic parameters, including food intake, respiratory quotient (RQ), growth and fat mass. Importantly, these effects were appeared to be dependent on the level of HAW consumed. Specifically, consumption of the lowest level of HAW (35% w/w) was associated with a higher food intake and RQ in female mice whereas consumption of the highest level of HAW (65% w/w) reduced fat mass, particularly abdominal fat mass, in male mice. There was no clear evidence that HAW improved blood glucose or lipid control. The results presented in Chapter 3 indicated that increased consumption of HAW had effects on several gastrointestinal measures, and these effects were more pronounced in female mice compared to their age-matched male counterparts. The effects observed included increased gastrointestinal weights, enhanced gastric motility and increased mRNA expression of the intestinal barrier marker Ocln and the gut hormone Pyy. In both sexes, consumption of higher levels of HAW (50-65% w/w) was associated with increased faecal bacteria load and diversity and a shift in the gut microbiota composition in a manner consistent with improved gastrointestinal health, including increased relative abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum and decreased relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum. In Chapters 2 and 4, consumption of HAW was associated with positive effects on reproductive health in both male and female mice, including increased testicular weights and an altered pattern of vaginal cytology parameters towards a longer time in estrus/metestrus and less time in diestrus. The positive effects of HAW for female reproductive health were further confirmed by the findings in Chapter 4 where the intake of HAW before and during pregnancy was associated with significantly improved pregnancy rates compared to those consuming SAW diet (94% vs 61%). Overall, this thesis has provided evidence that consumption of HAW may have benefits on metabolic and gastrointestinal health with dose-dependent and sex-specific effects, and consumption of HAW may improve reproductive function in both males and females. While further studies are required, these results support the potential application of HAW as a functional food to improve health in human consumers.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 202
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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