1,720,989 research outputs found
Revisiting building height restriction policy in the historic center of Seoul: Exploring performance-based height management using view shadow simulation
No full textThis study empirically explores 3D isovists to explore an alternative approach to a 90 m height cap in Seouls historic center. We introduced the concept of view shadow in the city center to explore potential room for growth: (1) areas hidden by existing buildings and (2) areas visible but not altering the current skyline. The proposed approach integrates the concept of view shadow cast by existing towers to minimize visual impact and preserve iconic and historic views. The simulation findings indicate that a significant portion, approximately 31 sites or 58.5% of the total, can accommodate taller towers than 90 m without compromising the integrity of the historic skyline. The study demonstrates the ability to increase the floor area by 74% and up to 137% from existing conditions to revitalize Seouls historic center.N
Living Alone, Environmental Hazards, and Falls Among U.S. Older Adults
No full textBackground and Objectives Physical conditions of living environments can affect the incidence of falls; however, prior work has focused typically on 1 domain at a time-either neighborhood or home, capturing limited environmental boundaries of older adults. We examined how neighborhood together with the home environment affect the incidence of falls over time and whether living arrangement modifies the influence of the environmental risks on falls. Research Design and Methods Using the 2012-2020 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; N = 1,893), we fitted logistic regression to estimate the incidence of falls over an 8-year study period. We used the neighborhood and housing data that are collected systematically by trained observers in the HRS to assess environmental hazards. Sidewalk quality, neighborhood disorder, and the presence of green space were measured to capture outdoor environmental hazards. Indoor environmental hazards included the presence of housing decay and poorly maintained stairways. All models were stratified by living arrangement. Results Neighborhood and housing environment were independently associated with the odds of falls net of demographic characteristics and preexisting health conditions, and effects were significant for people living alone only. The presence of green space and poorly maintained stairways were associated with greater odds of falling, net of covariates during 8 years of follow-up (odds ratios = 2.10 and 2.65, p < .05, respectively). None of the environmental risk factors were significant for those living with others. Discussion and Implications Falls in old age may be determined in part by a combination of outdoor and indoor risk factors. More research is needed to understand pathways that lead to greater vulnerability among older adults living alone to environmental hazards.Y
서울 영등포구의 저영향개발에 대한 홍수 완 화 전략에 관한 포괄적인 연구
No full text학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 환경대학원 환경조경학과, 2024. 8. Lim Justin Heejoon.This study evaluates the effectiveness of different Low-Impact Development (LID) scenarios in mitigating urban flooding in Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). Two key areas, an industrial zone and a mixed residential-commercial zone, are chosen to explore how different LID implementations impact runoff. The study considers six types of LIDs including green roofs and rain barrels for building-based scenarios; and permeable pavements, infiltration trenches, vegetative swales, and rain gardens for open space-based scenarios. The drainage network map and historical rainfall data from previous flooding events were set up in SWMM for simulation modeling under different LID scenarios: building-based, open space-based, and combined LID methods. Results show that the combined LID approach is the most effective method, reducing runoff by 26.8% and 21.1% and lowering peak runoff volumes by 7.5% and 12.6% for Block I and Block II, respectively. There are interaction effects among the scenarios, demonstrating that Scenario II has a more significant impact on node flooding compared to Scenario I, despite the amount of coverage area. In general, building-based LID measures alone show the least reduction in both surface runoff and peak runoff volumes. The proposed approach offers a robust solution that can shape a resilient and livable urban future.Table of Contents ii
List of Tables iv
List of Figures . v
Chapter 1. Introduction 7
1.1. Research Background 7
1.2. Research Objectives 9
1.3. Research Question 10
1.4. Research Scope and Limitation 11
Chapter 2. Methodology. 12
2.1. Study Area 12
2.2. Research Framework 15
2.3. Data Collections 17
2.4. Storm Water Management Model 19
Chapter 3. Literature Review . 21
3.1. Urbanization and Flood 21
3.2. Low-Impact Development 22
Chapter 4. Analysis 34
4.1. Model Setup 34
4.2. LID Scenario Development 41
4.4. Simulation Result . 47
iii
4.5. Design and Implementation . 57
Chapter 5. Discussion and Conclusion 61
5.1. Discussion 61
5.2. Conclusion 62
5.3. Future Works 65
References 67
Acknowledgement . 75
Abstract 77
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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