77,161 research outputs found
Multiple functions of LIM domain-binding CLIM/NLI/Ldb cofactors during zebrafish development
No full textThe crucial involvement of CLIM/NLI/Ldb cofactors for the exertion of the biological activity of LIM homeodomain transcription factors (LIM-HD) has been demonstrated. In this paper we show that CLIM cofactors are widely expressed during zebrafish development with high protein levels in specific neuronal cell types where LIM-HD proteins of the Isl class are synthesized. The overexpression of a dominant-negative CLIM molecule (DN-CLIM) that contains the LIM interaction domain (LID) during early developmental stages of zebrafish embryos results in an impairment of eye and midbrain-hindbrain boundary (MHB) development and disturbances in the formation of the anterior midline. On a cellular level we show that the outgrowth of peripheral but not central axons from Rohon Beard (RB) and trigeminal sensory neurons is inhibited by DN-CLIM overexpression. We demonstrate a further critical role of CLIM cofactors for axonal outgrowth of motor neurons. Additionally, DN-CLIM overexpression causes an increase of Isl-protein expression levels in specific neuronal cell types, likely due to a protection of the DN-CLIM/LIM-HD complex from proteasomal degradation. Our results demonstrate multiple roles of the CLIM cofactor family for the development of entire organs, axonal outgrowth of specific neurons and protein expression levels
Optimal estimates for the electric field in two dimensions
No full textAbstractWe establish both upper and lower bounds on the electric field in the case where two circular conductivity inclusions are very close but not touching. We also obtain such bounds when a circular inclusion is very close to the boundary of a circular domain which contains the inclusion. The novelty of these estimates, which improve and make complete our earlier results in [H. Ammari, H. Kang, M. Lim, Gradient estimates for solutions to the conductivity problem, Math. Ann. 332 (2005) 277–286], is that they give an optimal information about the blow-up of the electric field as the conductivities of the inclusions degenerate
Data used for Lim et al. (2024)
No full text<p>Data used in Lim et al. (2024)</p>
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<p>Lim, H., Cho, C. S., & Son, M. (2024). The 2022 Goesan earthquake of the moment magnitude 3.8 along the buried fault in the central Korean Peninsula. Journal of Seismology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-024-10201-y</p>
Epanerchodus gangwonus Mikhaljova & Lim 2002
No full textEpanerchodus gangwonus Mikhaljova & Lim, 2002 Epanerchodus gangwonus Mikhaljova & Lim, 2002: 19 –21, 20: figs 1–8. Remarks. Originally described from Gangwon-do, South Korea (Mikhaljova & Lim, 2001), this species has since never been rediscovered. Distribution. South Korea.Published as part of M, E L E N A V., Va, I K H A L J O & Lim, Kil-Young, 2006, The millipede genus Epanerchodus Attems, 1901 in the Korean Peninsula, with a description of a new species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Polydesmidae), pp. 45-53 in Zootaxa 1350 on page 48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17451
Four and a half LIM protein 1C (FHL1C)
Full text linkFour-and-a-half LIM domain protein 1 isoform A (FHL1A) is predominantly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Mutations in the FHL1 gene are causative for several types of hereditary myopathies including X-linked myopathy with postural muscle atrophy (XMPMA). We here studied myoblasts from XMPMA patients. We found that functional FHL1A protein is completely absent in patient myoblasts. In parallel, expression of FHL1C is either unaffected or increased. Furthermore, a decreased proliferation rate of XMPMA myoblasts compared to controls was observed but an increased number of XMPMA myoblasts was found in the G(0)/G(1) phase. Furthermore, low expression of K(v1.5), a voltage-gated potassium channel known to alter myoblast proliferation during the G(1) phase and to control repolarization of action potential, was detected. In order to substantiate a possible relation between K(v1.5) and FHL1C, a pull-down assay was performed. A physical and direct interaction of both proteins was observed in vitro. In addition, confocal microscopy revealed substantial colocalization of FHL1C and K(v1.5) within atrial cells, supporting a possible interaction between both proteins in vivo. Two-electrode voltage clamp experiments demonstrated that coexpression of K(v1.5) with FHL1C in Xenopus laevis oocytes markedly reduced K(+) currents when compared to oocytes expressing K(v1.5) only. We here present the first evidence on a biological relevance of FHL1C
Platyrrhinus guianensis Velazco & Lim, 2014, new species
No full textPlatyrrhinus guianensis new species Guianan Broad-nosed Bat Figures 4–7 P [latyrrhinus]. helleri: Lim, 1993: 162 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Smith and Kerry, 1996: 932 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Lim and Engstrom, 2000: 121 P [latyrrhinus]. helleri: Lim and Engstrom, 2001 a: 632 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Lim and Engstrom, 2001 b: 664 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Engstrom and Lim, 2002: 364 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Lim and Norman, 2002: 54 P [latyrrhinus]. helleri: Lim et al., 2002: 1239 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Lim and Engstrom, 2005: 77 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Lim et al., 2005 a: 244 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Lim et al., 2005 b: 87 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Clare et al., 2007: 187 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Borisenko et al., 2008: 475 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Lim, 2009: 45 (part) P [latyrrhinus]. recifinus: Velazco, 2009: 259 (part) Platyrrhinus recifinus: Tavares and Velazco, 2010: 119 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Clare et al., 2011: 8 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Clare, 2011: 4 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Lim, 2012: 253 (part) Platyrrhinus helleri: Lim and Tavares, 2012: 115 (part) Holotype. Dried skin, skull and skeleton of an adult pregnant female, Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) number 113465, obtained 20 September 2001 by Burton K. Lim and Zacharias Norman (original field number F 50445). The skin, skull, and skeleton are in good condition. Frozen tissues are deposited at the Royal Ontario Museum (F 50445). Type locality. Pobawau Creek mouth, 100 m; Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo; Guyana, 3 ° 16 ’ 3.1 ”N, 58 ° 46 ’ 42.7 ”W (Fig. 3). Paratypes. The skin, skull, and skeleton of an adult male (ROM 108487) caught on 8 October 1997 at 38 mi Camp, 35 km SW Kurupukari, 100 m, Iwokrama Forest, Potaro-Siparuni, Guyana, 4 ° 22 ’W, 58 ° 51 ’W; one skin and skull of an adult male (ROM 114070) caught on 16 April 2002 and one skin, skull, and skeleton of an adult pregnant female (ROM 113991) caught on 13 April 2002 at Brownsberg Nature Park headquarters, 500 m, Brokopondo, Suriname, 4 ° 57 ’N, 55 ° 11 ’W; and the skin and skull of an adult male (ROM 114195) caught on 21 April 2002 at Km 2.4 Wittie Kreek trail, 300 m, Brownsberg Nature Park, Brokopondo, Suriname, 4 ° 56 ’N, 55 ° 10 ’W. The holotype and 4 paratypes, along with 31 other specimens from the known distributional range, are listed in Appendix 1 (Fig. 3). Measurements of each specimen of the type series of P. guianensis are provided in Table 4. Distribution. Platyrrhinus guianensis is known from Guyana and Suriname (Fig. 3). Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin description of its endemic distribution in the Guiana region of South America. Diagnosis. Platyrrhinus guianensis is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of external and craniodental characteristics. The ventral fur is dark gray; ventral fur unicolor; dorsal stripe wide and brilliant white; fringe of hair along margin of uropatagium long, conspicuously dense, and pale yellow. The skull of P. guianensis lacks a fossa on the squamosal root of the zygomatic arch. Dentally, two stylar cuspules are present on the posterior cristid of P 4; and one stylid cuspulid on the anterior cristid of p 4. Description. Platyrrhinus guianensis is a small Platyrrhinus (FA 37–41 mm) distinguished from its sister species P. recifinus by its smaller size and shorter skull (Table 5; Velazco & Gardner 2009, Table 2–4 and 7). However, measurements of P. guianensis overlap with P. angustirostris, P. brachycephalus, P. fusciventris, P. helleri, P. i n c a r u m, and P. matapalensis (Tables 4 –5). Dorsal fur mostly dark brown, but paler on the upper dorsum; dorsal fur is bicolored with darker tips; facial stripes wide and white; dorsal stripe brilliant white; ventral fur dark gray, individual hairs unicolored; pinnae have well-marked fold lines; tragus and anterior and posterior rims of pinnae bright yellow (Fig. 4); lateral borders of the proximal half of the noseleaf and borders of the horseshoe yellow; inferior border of the horseshoe completely free of upper lip; posterior margin of uropatagium has the shape of an inverted ‘U’; hair on upper surface of feet brown, long and dense (Fig. 5); fringe of hair along the trailing margin of uropatagium long, conspicuously dense, and pale yellow; metacarpal III longer than metacarpal V. Rostrum is slender; has a well developed anterior notch in the nasals; postorbital processes moderately developed; paraoccipital processes poorly developed; two infraorbital foramina present; posterior border of hard palate ‘V’-shaped (Fig. 6); fossa on the squamosal root of the zygomatic arch absent; and paraoccipital and paracondylar processes poorly developed. Upper inner incisors bilobed and convergent, not in contact, and tips extend below level of cingula of upper canines; upper outer incisors monolobate; two stylar cuspules on posterior cristid of P 4; hypoconal basin fossa of P 4 shallow; M 1 parastyle present; M 1 mesostyle absent; M 1 metacone divided in two cones; M 1 metacone labial cingulum present; stylar cuspule absent on lingual cingulum of M 1 metacone; sulcus on posterior cristid of paracone joined to cingulum of lingual face of metacone on M 1; M 1 metastyle present; M 1 protocone well developed; M 2 parastyle present; labial cingulum present on M 2 paracone; stylar cuspule on lingual face of M 2 paracone absent; M 2 metastyle present; stylar cuspule absent on lingual face of M 2 metacone; lingual cingulum of the M 2 metacone not extending to the paracone; developed M 2 hypoconal basin; M 3 minute; labial and lingual cingulids on p 4; one stylid cuspulid on anterior cristid of p 4; two stylid cuspulids on posterior cristid of p 4; m 1 paraconid poorly developed; labial and lingual cingulids present on m 1; stylid cuspulid present on anterior cristid of m 1 protoconid; m 1 metaconid well developed; m 2 hypoconid absent; stylid cuspulid between the metaconid and protoconid poorly developed on m 2; labial and lingual cingulids present on m 2. Comparisons. Platyrrhinus guianensis can be confused with P. angustirostris, P. brachycephalus, P. fusciventris, P. he l l e r i, P. i nc a r u m, and P. matapalensis because their external and cranial measurements overlap (Table 3–4). But it can be easily distinguished from P. brachycephalus and P. matapalensis by the presence of one accessory cuspulid on the anterolingual cristid of p 4 (Fig. 7) (cuspulid lacking in P. matapalensis and two accessory cuspulids present in P. brachycephalus; Velazco 2005, fig. 27). Therefore, the following comparisons focus on differentiating P. guianensis from P. angustirostris, P. fusciventris, P. helleri, and P. incarum. Externally, ventral fur is dark gray in P. guianensis and P. angustirostris (brownish gray in P. i n c ar u m; pale gray in P. h el l e r i; brown in P. fusciventris); ventral fur unicolored in P. guianensis, P. angustirostris, P. fusciventris, and P. h el l e r i (bicolored in P. i nc a r u m); dorsal stripe wide and brilliant white in P. guianensis and P. he l l e r i (conspicuous but narrow in P. angustirostris, P. fusciventris, and P. incarum); tragus and anterior and posterior rims of pinnae bright yellow in P. guianensis, P. fusciventris, and P. helleri (whitish in P. angustirostris and P. incarum); lateral borders of the proximal half of the noseleaf and borders of the horseshoe yellow in P. guianensis, P. fusciventris, and P. he l l e r i (whitish in P. angustirostris and P. i n c ar um); posterior margin of uropatagium with a shape of an inverted ‘U’ in P. guianensis, P. angustirostris, and P. i n c ar u m (‘V’ shaped in P. fusciventris and P. helleri); fringe of hair along margin of uropatagium long, conspicuously dense, and pale yellow in P. guianensis (long, dense, and pale brown in P. helleri; long, dense, and whitish in P. fusciventris and P. i nc a r u m; short, dense, and pale brown in P. angustirostris); hair on the upper surface of feet brown, long and dense in P. guianensis, P. angustirostris, and P. i n c a r um (short and intermediate in density in P. fusciventris and P. hell eri); metacarpal III longer than metacarpal V in P. guianensis, P. angustirostris, and P. i n c a r um (metacarpals III and V subequal in P. fusciventris and P. he l l e r i). Cranially, there is a ‘V’-shaped posterior border of the hard palate in P. guianensis, P. angustirostris, P. hel leri, and P. i n c ar u m (‘V’- or ‘U’-shaped in P. fusciventris); fossa on the squamosal root of the zygomatic arch absent in P. guianensis, P. helleri, and P. i ncarum (shallow in P. angustirostris and P. fusciventris). Dentally, there are two stylar cuspules on posterior cristid of P 4 in P. guianensis, P. fusciventris, P. helleri, and P. i nc a r u m (three in P. angustirostris); stylar cuspule on lingual face of M 2 paracone absent in P. guianensis, P. angustirostris, and P. fusciventris (one stylar cuspule in P. he l l e r i and P. incarum); M 3 minute in P. guianensis and P. i n ca r u m (larger in P. h el l e r i, P. angustirostris, and P. fusciventris); one stylid cuspulid on the anterior cristid of p 4 in P. guianensis, P. fusciventris, and P. helleri (one or two in P. i n ca r u m and P. angustirostris); tall m 2 protoconid in P. guianensis, P. angustirostris, P. fusciventris, P. i n c a r um (Fig. 7) (shorter in P. helleri); hypoconid lacking on m 2 in P. guianensis, P. angustirostris, P. fusciventris, and P. helleri (poorly developed in P. i n c a r um); poorly developed stylid cuspulid between the metaconid and protoconid on m 2 in P. guianensis, P. fusciventris, and P. helleri (well developed in P. i ncarum and P. angustirostris). Natural history. Platyrrhinus guianensis has been documented from an elevational range of 60 to 500 m and is found primarily in rainforest (n= 33), but 3 individuals were netted in savanna. Of the 36 specimens examined, 16 are males and 20 females. Testes size (length by width in mm) ranged from 3 by 2 to 5 by 4. From 12 January to 9 February 2006, 8 of 10 females were pregnant with crown-rump (CR) measurements ranging from 4 to 13 mm. A female was pregnant on 13 April 2002 and another on 27 July 2009 with CR of 13 mm and 4 mm, respectively. Three females were pregnant on 20 and 21 September 2001 with CR ranging from 18 to 21 mm. A non-pregnant female was collected on 24 October 1997. A female had an embryo with CR of 26 mm collected on 31 October 2005. Two non-pregnant lactating females were caught on 8 and 11 November 1999 and one non-pregnant female was caught on 19 November 1997.Published as part of Velazco, Paúl M. & Lim, Burton K., 2014, A new species of broad-nosed bat Platyrrhinus Saussure, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the Guianan Shield, pp. 175-193 in Zootaxa 3796 (1) on pages 181-189, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3796.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/22516
Goniozus koreanus Lim, sp. nov.
No full textGoniozus koreanus Lim, sp. nov. (Figs 17–24) Type material. Holotype, Ƥ. KOREA: CN: Mangilsa, Daesan, Daesan, Seosan, N 36 ° 56 ' 29.8 " E 126 ° 26 ' 85.1 ", Alt. 184 m, 20.v. 2006, S.W. Park leg. (SNU). Paratypes. KOREA: Seoul: Ƥ, Cheongyangri, Dongdaemun, MT, 25.vii– 1.viii. 2005, D.P. Lyu leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, 15–22.viii. 2005, D.P. Lyu leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, Mt. Surak, Sanggye, Nowon, MT, 18.vii– 24.viii. 2007, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Seoul National University campus, Daehak, Gwanak, 4.viii. 2008, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Mt. Bulam, Gongreung, Nowon, MT, 11–25.v. 2008, S.W. Park leg. (SNU). GG: Ƥ, Yongin, 21.v. 1989, S.B. Han leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Mt. Yeogi, Seodun, Gwonseon, Suwon, 16.iv. 1994, J. Y. Choi leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Mt. Cheonggae, Gwacheon, 22.ix. 2000, H. G. Kang leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Yeongjusa, Annyeong, Taean, Hwaseong, MT, 22–29.viii. 2005, Y.D. Kwon leg. (KFRI); 2 Ƥ, ditto, 5 – 2.ix. 2005, Y.D. Kwon leg. (KFRI); 2 Ƥ, ditto, 12–20.ix. 2005, Y.D. Kwon leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, Sihwado, Namyangju, MT, N 37 ° 40 ' 6 " E 127 ° 18 ' 39 ", Alt. 238 m, 27.v. 2007, S.W. Park leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Gwanak arboretum, Anyang, Manan, Anyang, MT, 26.vi– 4.vii. 2007, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, ditto, MT, N 37 ° 25 ' 15.6 " E 126 ° 56 ' 44.3 ", Alt. 126 m, 18.iv– 2.v. 2008, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Suwon arboretum, Seodun, Gwonseon, Suwon, 1.vi. 2009, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Mt. Ungil, Songchon, Choam, Namyangju, MT, N 37 ° 34 ' 43.3 " E 127 ° 18 ' 37.5 ", Alt. 134 m, 18–31.iv. 2009, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 1–26.v. 2009, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 27.v– 10.vi. 2009, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Mt. Homyeong, Goseong, Cheongpyeong, Gapyeong, MT, N 37 ° 43 '15.0" E 127 ° 29 ' 18.9 ", Alt. 168 m, 18–31.iv. 2009, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); 2 Ƥ, ditto, MT, 1–6.v. 2009, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU). GW: Ƥ, Jinae, Dong, Chuncheon, MT, 16–22.viii. 2005, S.J. Jang leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, MT, 31.vii– 7.viii. 2008, S.J. Jang leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, Jukheon, Gangreung, N 37 ° 46 ' 55 " E 128 ° 51 ' 35 ", Alt. 57 m, 29.v. 2009, S.W. Park leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Chundang, Cheongil, Hoengseong, N 37 ° 36 ' 36 " E 128 ° 8 ' 36 ", Alt. 249 m, 7.vi. 2009, S.W. Park leg. (SNU). CB: Ƥ, Mt. Wolak, Susan, Jecheon, MT, N 36 ° 52 ' 4 " E 128 ° 8 ' 57 ", 1.ix. 2006, J. C. Jeong leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Namdaemun, Hoenam, Boeun, N 36 ° 26 ' 27 " E 127 ° 34 ' 25 ", Alt. 104 m, 24.ix. 2009, S.W. Park leg. (SNU). CN: Ƥ, Donam, Banpo, Gongju, MT, 23–30.viii. 2005, J.H. Han leg. (KFRI); 2 Ƥ, Gahak, Songak, Dangjin, N 36 ° 55 ' 17.5 " E 126 ° 42 ' 33 ", Alt. 34 m, 19.v. 2006, S.W. Park leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Baekja, Susin, Cheonan, 6.vi. 2008, S.W. Park leg. (SNU); 2 Ƥ, Annyeong, Tancheon, Gongju, 24.v. 2009, S.W. Park leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Hwaam, Cheongra, Boryeong, 14.vi. 2009, S.W. Park leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Hanseo Univ., Daegok, Haemi, Seosan, MT, N 36 ° 41 ' 30 " E 126 ° 34 ' 50 ", 11.vi– 8.vii. 2009, J.W. Lee leg. (YNU); Ƥ, Masan, Seocheon, 12.vi. 2010, S.W. Park leg. (SNU). Daejeon: 3 Ƥ, Wolpyeong, Seo, MT, 20.vi– 10.vii. 2008, J.W. Lee leg. (YNU). JB: Ƥ, Majeong, Bug, Jeongeub, MT, 19–26.vii. 2005, J.W. Park leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, 2–9.viii. 2005, J.W. Park leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, 30.viii– 6.ix. 2005, J.W. Park leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, Majeong, Bug, Jeongeub, MT, 19.iv– 8.v. 2007, J.W. Park leg. (KFRI); [JN] Ƥ, Pungsan, Dado, Naju, MT, 25.vii– 8.viii. 2005, S.B. Yu leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, ditto, 9–30.ix. 2005, S.B. Yu leg. (KFRI); 2 Ƥ, Pungsan, Dado, Naju, MT, 27.iv– 17.v. 2007, S.B. Yu leg. (KFRI); 2 Ƥ, ditto, 17.v– 7.vi. 2007, S.B. Yu leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, Mt. Naejang, Ssangung, Bukha, Jangseong, MT, N 35 ° 25 ' 31.6 " E 126 ° 51 ' 46.9 ", 13.v. 2007, J.W. Lee leg. (YNU); 2 Ƥ, Pungsan, Dado, Naju, MT, 26.v– 2.vi. 2008, S.B. Yu leg. (KFRI); Ƥ, Mt. Naejang, Sinseong, Bukha, Jangseong, N 35 ° 27 ' 17.9 " E 126 ° 50 ' 38.8 ", Alt. 161 m, 3.vii. 2009, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU). GB: Ƥ, Yeungnam Univ., Dae, Gyeongsan, MT, 30.iv– 7.v. 2007, J.W. Lee leg. (YNU); Ƥ, Namsa, Hyeongok, Kyeongju, MT, 30.vi– 14.vii. 2005, J.T. Mun leg. (KFRI); 2 Ƥ, Namsan, Gakbuk, Cheongdo, MT, N 35 ° 41 ' E 128 ° 35 ', 9–19.viii. 2007, J.W. Lee leg. (YNU); Ƥ, ditto, 15.x– 4.xi. 2007, J.W. Lee leg. (YNU); Ƥ, Yeongnam Univ., Dae, Gyeongsan, MT, 30.iv– 7.v. 2007, J.W. Lee leg. (YNU); Ƥ, ditto, MT, N 35 ° 58 ' E 128 ° 47 ', 12–21.vii. 2007, J.W. Lee leg. (YNU); Ƥ, Namsan, Gakbuk, Cheongdo, N 35 ° 41 ' E 128 ° 35 ' 23 ", 5.x– 2.xi. 2008, J. O. Lim leg. (SNU); Ƥ, Mt. Unmun, Cheongdo, MT, N 35 ° 38 ' 45 " E 128 ° 57 ' 33 ", 23.v. 2008, J.W. Lee leg. (YNU); Ƥ, ditto, MT, N 35 ° 38 ' 19 " E 128 ° 57 ' 40 ", 30.v– 16.vi. 2009, C. J. Kim leg. (YNU); Ƥ, Sangju campus, Gyeongbuk Univ., Gajang, Sangju, MT, 28.v– 4.vi. 2009, S.W. Park leg. (SNU). GN: Ƥ, Dapcheon, Ibanseong, Jinju, MT, 1–9.viii. 2005, B.G. Ahn leg. (KFRI). Busan: Ƥ, Daemadeung, Nakdonghagu, Myeongji, Gangseo, 22.viii. 2006, T. H. Kim leg. (SNU). JJ: Ƥ, Donggye, Jeju, MT, 27.vi– 18.vii. 2007, C. H. Shin leg. (KFRI). Diagnosis. This species is mostly similar to Goniozus japonicus Ashmead, 1904 by having mandible yellow; by fore wing without areolet; by flagellomere 3–5 longer than wide respectively; by propodeal disc with complete transverse carina; by ratio of head and propodeal disc. However, this species can be distinguished from G. japonicus by short antennal segments, by pedicel to flagellomere 2 less than 1.5 × as long as wide, by flagellomere 11 1.5 × as long as wide (long antennal segments, pedicel to flagellomere 2 longer than 2.0 × as long as wide, flagellomere 11 2.0 × as long as wide in G. japonicus); by median and submedian cell of fore wing with relatively denser hairs (very sparse hairs in G. japonicus). Description. FEMALE (holotype). Body length 4.1 mm. LFW 2.5 mm. Color. Head: mandible yellow, antenna yellow, from flagellomeres 6–11 pale castaenous. Mesosoma black; fore wing subhyaline, veins pale castaenous; legs yellow except coxa and femora dark castaenous, tarsal claw dark castaenous. Metasoma black except distal margin of terga 4–7 pale castaenous. Head (Figs 18–20): 1.0 × as long as wide, coriaceous; lateral margin convex, posterior margin straight, postero-lateral corner forming round angle in dorsal view; lateral surface smooth and polished. Mandible with four acute teeth. Clypeus well-developed, frontal angle right; fronto-clypeal median longitudinal carina developed, exceeding antennal socket. First antennal segment in ratio of 2.3: 1.0: 1.0: 1.1: 1.2 in length; from scape to flagellomere 3 and 11 2.0, 1.3, 1.2, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.6 × as long as wide, respectively. Frons and vertex coriaceous with sub-erect hairs and sparse moderate punctures, aparted from each other 2.0–3.0 × as wide as their maximum diameter. WF 1.1 × LE, WF 0.6 × WH. Compound eye 0.37 mm long without hairs. LE 1.8 × OOL, WF 1.7 × WOT. Frontal angle of ocellar triangle obtuse, POL 2.1 × AOL, OOL 0.8 × WOT. Vertex coriaceous without conspicuous long hairs. Mesosoma (Figs 21–23): Pronotum coriaceous, 0.4 × as long as wide with sparse hairs, antero-lateral corner obtuse. Mesoscutum coriaceous; notauli absent; parapsidal furrows thin and anteriorly divergent. Scutellum polish and coriaceous with sparse small punctures; scutellar pit elliptical, oblique and connected by 3.9 × as wide as their maximum diameter. Propodeal disc 0.6 × as long as wide, lateral and transverse carina complete; medial basal triangle smooth and polished, extending mid-length of disc, connected to transverse carina with thin longitudinal carina in areolate surface. Disc areolate-rugose; declivity coriaceous with complete marginal carina; lateral surface coriaceous. Fore wing without closed areolate; median and submedian cell with two rows of hairs; radial vein curved outward at apex with obtuse angle; pterostigma 0.29 mm long; metacarpo absent. Metasoma (Fig. 24): Tergite 1 smooth and polished without fine puncture and microreticulation. Terga 2–4 smooth and micoreticulation on anterior half with some hairs on dorso-lateral surface. Terga 5–7 microreticulate with sparse hairs on distal surface. MALE. Unknown. Distribution. Korea (Busan, CB, CN, Daejeon, GB, GG, GN, GW, JB, JJ, JN, Seoul).Published as part of Lim, Jongok & Lee, Seunghwan, 2012, Review of Goniozus Förster, 1856 (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Korea, with descriptions of two new species, pp. 43-57 in Zootaxa 3414 on pages 49-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21079
Effects of ion exchange and calcinations on the structure and photocatalytic activity of hydrothermally prepared titanate nanotubes
No full textTitanate nanotubes (TiNTs) were prepared by alkaline hydrothermal processing. The TiNTs are thermodynamically unstable and easily transformed to the titania phase by heat or acid treatment. These phase transformations are affected by the preparation conditions. In this study, we investigated the effects of using the washing process to modify the sodium content of the TiNTs. After an alkaline hydrothermal process was used to prepare the TiNTs, the resulting suspensions were washed with weak acid solution and distilled water until the pH value of the wash solution reached approximately 1 or 7, and the products were identified as H-TiNTs or Na-TiNTs, respectively. The characteristics and photocatalytic activities of the H-TiNTs and Na-TiNTs were compared for various calcination temperatures. The H-TiNTs were transformed completely to anatase-type TiO 2 by dehydration during calcination, while the crystallinity of the Na-TiNTs increased with calcination temperature. However, the photocatalytic H 2 production rates on calcined H-TiNTs were much higher than on Na-TiNTs, which could be attributed to the crystalline anatase phase. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim.1
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