1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Ubiquitous Decline or Paradox of Aging: Young and Older Adults' Differences in Emotion Reactivity, Recognition and Regulation
No full textThe aging literature indicates that physical, cognitive and affective functions follow different trajectories across the lifespan. Physical and cognitive capabilities are shown to decline with advancing age, whereas affective functioning is suggested to remain stable or may even be enhanced in older adults. The main aim of the present thesis is to examine age differences in emotion reactivity, recognition and regulation. The inter-relationships among emotion reactivity, recognition and regulation were also assessed to provide a more complete picture of potentially different age trajectories of emotion processes. In addition, the effects of potential moderators, namely emotion intelligence and loneliness, on age differences in emotion reactivity were examined.
In Study I, a standardised set of film stimuli was developed and validated. Forty-eight participants (24 young and 24 older adults) participated in the stimulus validation study. The chosen film stimuli were shown to be effective in eliciting target emotions in a laboratory setting. No significant age and sex differences were observed, and prior viewing of the film was shown to have no significant impact on participants’ self-reported emotion experience.
In Study II, young-old differences in emotion reactivity, recognition and regulation as well as the inter-relationships among these affective functions were of interest. In addition, age-related decline in heart rates and skin conductance levels in response to affective film stimuli were observed. Older adults were significantly worse at recognising facial expressions of sadness and anger, and marginally worse at recognising facial expressions of fear. Older adults reported more habitual use of expressive suppression than their younger counterparts, while no age difference was found for cognitive reappraisal use. Emotion intelligence did not buffer against age-related decline in emotion reactivity.
Finally, in Study III, I aimed to replicate the findings of Study II, as well as extend Study II by including facial electromyography as another index of emotion reactivity. I also employed emotion recognition tasks that are more complex and tap into other sensory modalities. Again, age-related decline in heart rates and skin conductance was observed. Young adults displayed significantly greater corrugator activity in response to fear-provoking film clips, but no significant age difference was found for corrugator activity in response to the anger and sadness-provoking film clips. Young and older adults also displayed comparable level of zygomatic facial activity when presented with the amusing film clip. Older adults were worse at recognising angry and fearful facial affect. As for the face-voice and body-voice matching tasks, older adults were worse at recognising all emotions except for surprise. Older adults also reported more habitual use of expressive suppression, and that was shown to affect emotion recognition performance.
Taken together, these studies indicate that different components of affective functions are differentially affected by normal adult aging. Implications for competing perspectives of socioemotional functioning in older adults as well as suggestions for positive aging are provided
The Ubiquitous Decline or Paradox of Aging: Young and Older Adults' Differences in Emotion Reactivity, Recognition and Regulation
No full textThe aging literature indicates that physical, cognitive and affective functions follow different trajectories across the lifespan. Physical and cognitive capabilities are shown to decline with advancing age, whereas affective functioning is suggested to remain stable or may even be enhanced in older adults. The main aim of the present thesis is to examine age differences in emotion reactivity, recognition and regulation. The inter-relationships among emotion reactivity, recognition and regulation were also assessed to provide a more complete picture of potentially different age trajectories of emotion processes. In addition, the effects of potential moderators, namely emotion intelligence and loneliness, on age differences in emotion reactivity were examined.
In Study I, a standardised set of film stimuli was developed and validated. Forty-eight participants (24 young and 24 older adults) participated in the stimulus validation study. The chosen film stimuli were shown to be effective in eliciting target emotions in a laboratory setting. No significant age and sex differences were observed, and prior viewing of the film was shown to have no significant impact on participants’ self-reported emotion experience.
In Study II, young-old differences in emotion reactivity, recognition and regulation as well as the inter-relationships among these affective functions were of interest. In addition, age-related decline in heart rates and skin conductance levels in response to affective film stimuli were observed. Older adults were significantly worse at recognising facial expressions of sadness and anger, and marginally worse at recognising facial expressions of fear. Older adults reported more habitual use of expressive suppression than their younger counterparts, while no age difference was found for cognitive reappraisal use. Emotion intelligence did not buffer against age-related decline in emotion reactivity.
Finally, in Study III, I aimed to replicate the findings of Study II, as well as extend Study II by including facial electromyography as another index of emotion reactivity. I also employed emotion recognition tasks that are more complex and tap into other sensory modalities. Again, age-related decline in heart rates and skin conductance was observed. Young adults displayed significantly greater corrugator activity in response to fear-provoking film clips, but no significant age difference was found for corrugator activity in response to the anger and sadness-provoking film clips. Young and older adults also displayed comparable level of zygomatic facial activity when presented with the amusing film clip. Older adults were worse at recognising angry and fearful facial affect. As for the face-voice and body-voice matching tasks, older adults were worse at recognising all emotions except for surprise. Older adults also reported more habitual use of expressive suppression, and that was shown to affect emotion recognition performance.
Taken together, these studies indicate that different components of affective functions are differentially affected by normal adult aging. Implications for competing perspectives of socioemotional functioning in older adults as well as suggestions for positive aging are provided
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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