1,720,992 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Funktion der C-terminalen regulatorischen Domäne von XYR1 in Trichoderma reesei
Get PDFLignocellulose ist die größte erneuerbare Kohlenstoffquelle die heutzutage zur Verfügung steht und stellt somit eine wichtige Alternative zu Erdöl dar. Darum ist Lignocellulose wichtig für die Produktion von Bioethanol und dient ebenso als Rohstoff für Chemikalien. Die Umwandlung von Lignocellulose zu einzelnen Glukose Einheiten beinhaltet vor allem eine enzymatische Hydrolyse der Hauptkomponenten Cellulose und Hemicellulose. Ein weitverbreiteter Produzent von lignocellulolytischen Enzyme stellt der Pilz Trichoderma reesei dar. Die Herstellung der von diesem Pilz produzierte Enzymmischung ist jedoch sehr kostenintensiv und erfordert weitere Forschungen, um eine höhere Ausbeute in der Enzymproduktion zu erzielen. Ein Weg auf der Suche nach neue Strategien für die Stammentwicklung stellt die vergleichende genomische Analyse von Stämmen mit einer starken Cellulase Produktion oder von Stämmen mit einer sehr geringen Cellulase Produktion zu den jeweiligen Elternstämmen dar. Eine genomische Analyse des Stammes QM9136 konnte eine Mutation identifizieren, die zu einem verkürzten XYR1 führt. In diesem verkürzte XYR1 fehlt die vermeintlich C-terminale regulatorische Domäne. Es zeigt sich darüber hinaus, dass beim Wiedereinsetzen eines Wild Typ xyr1 der Phänotyp korrigiert werden konnte, sodass nun eine normale Cellulase Produktion möglich war. Dies lässt darauf schließen, dass die Mutation im xyr1 zu einem Funktionsverlust führt. Um diese Mutation auf molekularer Ebene untersuchen zu können, wurde von einer verkürzten Version des XYR1, das XYR11-780 N-terminal mit einem GFP fusioniert. So war es möglich den Transkriptionsfaktor XYR1 beim Shutteln zwischen dem Kern und dem Zytoplasma unter Cellulase induzierenden Bedingungen beobachtet zu können. Die Analyse zeigte eine basale nukleare Lokalisierung des GFP-XYR11-780. Jedoch konnte keine Erhöhung des GFP-XYR11-780 unter Cellulase induzierenden Bedingungen beobachtet werden im Vergleich zum nicht verkürzten XYR1, welches ebenfalls mit einem GFP N-terminal verbunden wurde (GFP-XYR1). Unter induzierenden Bedingungen zeigte sich, dass die de-novo Biosynthese von XYR1 sehr wichtig ist, um ausreichende Mengen an XYR1 zu produzieren. XYR1 wiederum wird in den Kern transportiert, um dort die Cellulase und Xylanase Transkription zu starten. Die verkürzte Version des XYR1, welches keine C-terminale regulatorische Domäne beinhaltet, verhindert die Hochregulierung von xyr1 und kann durch die Autoregulation erklärt werden. Somit ist das XYR11-780 nicht in der Lage die Cellulase und Xylanase Gen Expression anzuregen.Lignocellulosic biomass is the largest renewable carbon sources and is used today as important alternative to petroleum for the production of biofuels or platform chemicals. The bioconversion of lignocellulose to monomeric sugars involves also enzymatic hydrolysis of its main components cellulose and hemicellulose. The most common producer of lignocellulolytic enzymes is the fungus Trichoderma reesei. However, its enzyme cocktails are still not cost effective and further research is therefore necessary to improve the yields in enzyme production. One way of finding new targets or strategies for strain improvement is the comparative genomic analysis of cellulase hyperproducing or non-producing strains to their parental strains. Genome analysis of QM9136 identified one mutation which resulted in a truncated XYR1 lacking the putative C-terminal regulatory domain. Reintroduction of the wild-type xyr1 reversed the cellulase negative phenotype of QM9136 while introduction of the mutated version of xyr1 in a xyr1 deletion strain did not result in any phenotype, suggesting that the mutation in xyr1 leads to a loss of function. To investigate the molecular basis of the cellulase negative phenotype caused by the truncated version of XYR1, this XYR11-780 was N-terminal fused to GFP to follow its shuttling dynamics between cytoplasm and nucleus under cellulase inducing conditions. This analysis showed that a basal nuclear localization of GFP-XYR11-780 is found which is, however, not increased during under cellulase inducing conditions as found for a full length version of XYR1 fused to GFP (GFP-XYR1). Upon induction, de-novo protein synthesis of XYR1 is therefore essential for the generation of sufficient amounts of XYR1 which enter the nucleus to actively induce cellulase and xylanase transcription. The XYR1 truncation which lacks the C-terminal domain prevents XYR1 upregulation which can be explained by a XYR1 auto-regulation and is therefore also unable to stimulate cellulase and xylanase induction
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