54 research outputs found
Poetic intertextuality in the art of Maqamat - Bachir Bouktir as a model -
No full textتهدف هذه الورقة البحثية إلى استكشاف مواطن الانفتاح الثّقافي المتعدّد الأجناس الذي شهدته المقامة الجزائرية الحديثة، خاصة من خلال الرّجوع إلى النّص الشّعري وتوظيف بعض المقاطع منها داخل المتن الحكائي، بغية تطعيم هذه المتون بما هو شعري محض، وكذلك إيصاله للآخر حتّى يتعرّف على الثّقافة الشّعرية التي يتمتّع بها الأديب العربي كما فعل البشير بوكثير صاحب المدوّنة المختارة للدّراسة.
لنصل في خضمّ هذا الطّرح إلى فكرة مفادها أنّ مقامات البشير بوكثير جاءت محمّلة بالتّناص الشّعري نظير انفتاحه على الثّقافة الشّعرية العربية والنّهل منها اتّباعا وإبداعا وهو ما يثير في أذهاننا السّؤال التّالي: ما هي آليات وسبل انبناء التّناص الشّعري عند البشير بوكثير؟This study aims to explore the aspects of multicultural openness present in modern Algerian maqama, particularly through the integration of poetic texts by incorporating some excerpts within the narrative framework. The purpose is to enrich these narratives with purely poetic elements and present them to others, allowing them to appreciate the poetic culture enjoyed by Arab writers, as exemplified by Bachir Boukethir, the author of the selected corpus under study.
Through this discussion, we arrive at the idea that Boukethir’s maqamat are laden with poetic intertextuality, reflecting his openness to and engagement with Arab poetic traditions, both through adherence and innovation. This raises the following question: What are the mechanisms and methods by which poetic intertextuality is constructed in the works of Bachir Boukethir
Nouvelle méthode pour résoudre le problème du transfert radiatif dans un plasma thermique
No full textl’objet de ce travail est l’évaluation de la puissance perdue sous forme de rayonnement, par un plasma thermique. C’est une nouvelle méthode appliquée qui permet de résoudre l’équation du transfert radiatif, elle consiste à la prise en compte des chevauchements des rais. Cette étude a été réalisée dans le cas d’un plasma thermique formé de mélange CH4-Ar, pour des températures allant de 5000 K et 30000 K, et des pressions qui peuvent atteindre 10 atmosphères. Dans ce modèle, le plasma est supposé en équilibre thermodynamique et aussi il est cylindrique et isotherme. Le calcul du rayonnement se fait en trois étapes qui sont : 1-le calcul de la composition chimique du plasma, 2-la détermination du coefficient d’absorption spectral et la construction du spectre, qui résulte de la contribution de plusieurs processus radiatif, en tenant compte des phénomènes des élargissement des raies 3- intégration du coefficient d’absorption et calcul du coefficient d’émission nette. Les résultats obtenus montrent que 90% du rayonnement émis par le plasma est absorbé lors de sa traversée du premier millimètre et que le chevauchement des raies conduit à une baisse du coefficient d’émission nette
Public sector pay and employment reform : a review of World Bank experience
Get PDFThis paper offers an interim review of the Bank's experience with public sector pay and employment reform. Its aim is to establish what has been done and what has been learnt to date. The objectives of the paper are to inventory and analyze Bank operational work in selected countries and to provide a brief guide to Bank research and policy work on this subject. The review covers the period between 1981 and February 1987. The paper tries to draw attention to issues that have emerged in the early phases of these activities and to make some tentative suggestions about directions for future Bank work; rather than draw conclusions about the impact of these efforts. The paper covers only the Bank's experience with pay and employment policy issues in central governments (generally with particular reference to the civil service).Banks&Banking Reform,Municipal Financial Management,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Labor Management and Relations,Environmental Economics&Policies
Non-equilibrium modeling of UV laser induced plasma on a copper target in the presence of Cu2+
No full textInternational audienceThis work is a contribution to the understanding of UV laser ablation of a copper sample in the presence of Cu2+ species as well as electronic non-equilibrium in the laser induced plasma. This particular study extends a previous paper and develops a 1D hydrodynamic model to describe the behavior of the laser induced plume, including the thermal non-equilibrium between electrons and heavy particles. Incorporating the formation of doubly charged ions (Cu2+) in such an approach has not been considered previously. We evaluate the effect of the presence of doubly ionized species on the characteristics of the plume, i.e., temperature, pressure, and expansion velocity, and on the material itself by evaluating the ablation depth and plasma shielding effects. This study evaluates the effects of the doubly charged species using a non-equilibrium hydrodynamic approach which comprises a contribution to the understanding of the governing processes of the interaction of ultraviolet nanosecond laser pulses with metals and the parameter optimization depending on the intended application. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC
Bachir Ouladdiaf et al. · CYCLOPS research papers 392
No full textAuthor(s) of this paper may load this reprint on their own web site or institutional repository provided that this cover page is retained. Republication of this article or its storage in electronic databases other than as specified above is not permitted without prior permission in writing from the IUCr. For further information see http://journals.iucr.org/services/authorrights.html Many research topics in condensed matter research, materials science and the life sciences make use of crystallographic methods to study crystalline and non-crystalline matter with neutrons, X-rays and electrons. Articles published in the Journal of Applied Crystallography focus on these methods and their use in identifying structural and diffusioncontrolled phase transformations, structure-property relationships, structural changes of defects, interfaces and surfaces, etc. Developments of instrumentation and crystallographic apparatus, theory and interpretation, numerical analysis and other related subjects are also covered. The journal is the primary place where crystallographic computer program information is published. Crystallography Journals Onlin
Bioethanol production from renewable sources as alternative valorization of waste of starting dates in south Algeria
No full textRécit journalistique et action collective dans l’Egypte des années 2000
Get PDFLa presse privée égyptienne a fortement investi la couverture des mouvements de protestation en Egypte. Son émergence au milieu des années 2000 coïncide de manière significative avec la montée des protestations collectives. En s’appuyant sur quelques travaux fondateurs de Michel de Certeau, notamment à travers sa célèbre distinction entre la « stratégie » et la « tactique », l’auteur revient sur le rôle du récit journalistique dans la vague de mobilisations qu’a connu le milieu des « travailleurs » égyptiens à partir de 2004. L’auteur espère aussi par-là participer au débat sur le rôle des sources de presse dans l’étude des mouvements de protestation.The Egyptian private press invested heavily in the coverage of protest movements in Egypt. The emergence of Egyptian private press in the years following the turn of the millennium significantly coincided with the rise of collective protest. By basing his research on several foundational works by Michel de Certeau, notably through his famous distinction between "strategy" and "tactic", The author revisits the role of journalistic narrative in the wave of protests that took over the Egyptian "working class", starting from 2004. The author also hopes, in this way, to participate in the debate on the role of press sources in the study of protest movements
Maternal smoking: Determinants and associated morbidity in two areas in Lebanon
No full textObjectives: This study assessed the factors related to smoking during pregnancy in two areas in Lebanon, and the association of smoking to selected maternal and newborn health related factors. Methods: This wasa secondary analysis of data on 538 women who delivered in nine hospitals in two areas in Lebanon. Women were interviewed about their smoking practices, and on demographic and psychosocial variables. 396 women were followed up and re-interviewed about their smoking status, and the mother's and baby's health after delivery. Smoking during pregnancy included both cigarettes and narghile smoking. Results: About 25.7percent of women were smoking some kind of tobacco during pregnancy. Older women, Muslim women, women with poor education, those who had financial difficulty, nervousness, lower support, and delay in seeking prenatal care were more likely to smoke during pregnancy. Women who smoked during pregnancy were more likely to have a low birth weight baby and to stop breastfeeding. Conclusions: It is important to address smoking among women in general, and not only during pregnancy. We discuss the role of public and private sectors in smoking cessation and interventions. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.Baddoura R, 2001, East Mediterr Health J, V7, P819; Barbour B., 2006, Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, V12, P405; Bobak Martin, 2000, TOBACCO CONTROL DEV, P41; Bullock LFC, 2001, ADDICT BEHAV, V26, P405, DOI 10.1016-S0306-4603(00)00118-0; Chaaya M, 2002, Arch Womens Ment Health, V5, P65, DOI 10.1007-s00737-002-0140-8; Chaaya M, 2004, ADDICT BEHAV, V29, P1821, DOI 10.1016-j.addbeh.2004.04.008; Christian P, 2004, EUR J CLIN NUTR, V58, P204, DOI 10.1038-sj.ejcn.1601767; Clatworthy J, 1999, PSYCHOL HLTH MED, V4, P319, DOI 10.1080-135485099106243; Cnattingius S, 2004, NICOTINE TOB RES, V6, pS125, DOI 10.1080-14622200410001669187; Coleman T, 2004, BRIT MED J, V328, P965, DOI 10.1136-bmj.328.7446.965; DiClemente CC, 2000, TOB CONTROL, V9, P16; Fagerstrom K, 2002, DRUGS, V62, P1, DOI 10.2165-00003495-200262002-00001; FISHER N, 2005, HLTH POLICY, V71, P1; HANSON BS, 1990, ADDICT BEHAV, V15, P221, DOI 10.1016-0306-4603(90)90065-6; Le Foll B, 2005, EUR PSYCHIAT, V20, P431, DOI 10.1016-j.eurpsy.2004.12.008; Leon-Cava N, 2002, QUANTIFYING BENEFITS; Levin ED, 2007, PHYSIOL BEHAV, V90, P54, DOI 10.1016-j.physbeh.2006.08.026; Liu JH, 2006, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V96, P309, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.2004.060798; Lu Y, 2001, HEALTH PROMOT INT, V16, P355, DOI 10.1093-heapro-16.4.355; LUMLEY J, 2004, COCHRANE DB SYST REV, P1; MAMUN A., 2006, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V164, P317; Molyneux AN, 2004, BRIT MED J, V328, P454, DOI 10.1136-bmj.328.7437.454; Morasco BJ, 2006, ADDICT BEHAV, V31, P203, DOI 10.1016-j.addbeh.2005.04.022; Najdawi F, 1999, East Mediterr Health J, V5, P450; Nuwayhid IA, 1998, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V148, P375; Parrott AC, 1999, AM PSYCHOL, V54, P817, DOI 10.1037--0003-066X.54.10.817; Phung HN, 2003, ADDICT BEHAV, V28, P1333, DOI 10.1016-S0306-4603(02)00255-1; Seltzer V, 2003, INT J GYNECOL OBSTET, V82, P393, DOI 10.1016-S0020-7292(03)00227-3; Shihadeh A, 2003, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V41, P143, DOI 10.1016-S0278-6915(02)00220-X; SIAHPUSH M, 2005, ADDICTION, V101, P121; *UN CHILDR FUND, 2000, NAT PER SURV LEB 199; Ussher M, 2006, PATIENT EDUC COUNS, V61, P467, DOI 10.1016-j.pec.2005.06.021; Wagner J, 2004, ADDICT BEHAV, V29, P1039, DOI 10.1016-j.addbeh.2004.02.058; World Health Organisation, 2006, 1 C PART WHO FRAM CO; Zimmer MH, 1998, SOC SCI J, V35, P133, DOI 10.1016-S0362-3319(98)90065-911161
DC Discharge Electronic Non-equilibrium Effects Investigations on a M = 2 Rarefied Supersonic Flow Over a Flat Plate
No full textLaser-Induced Plasma on a Titanium Target, a Non-equilibrium Model
No full textInternational audienceWe use a comprehensive model to investigate the interaction of ultraviolet nanosecond laser pulses with a titanium material. We calculate plasma ignition thresholds and study the effect of the laser-plasma interaction and the importance of the electronic non-equilibrium in the laser-induced plume and its expansion in the background gas. Our calculations of plasma ignition thresholds on titanium targets are validated and compared with experimental and theoretical results. A comparison with experimental data indicates that our results agree well with those reported in the literature. Results for titanium and copper are also compared under the same conditions. The inclusion of electronic non-equilibrium in our work indicates that this important process must be included in laser ablation and plasma plume formation models
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