1,720,996 research outputs found
[[alternative]]A Life History Analysis of the Humanistic Education Foundation
No full text[[abstract]]This thesis focuses on a unique education pressure group in Taiwan, the Humanistic Education Foundation (HEF). HEF is unique not only because it has exercised great influence on educational reforms in Taiwan in the past decade but also for its longevity as a pressure group in education. Life history analysis is used to understand how a pressure group like HEF can survive with great success in influencing education policies and practices in Taiwan.
Lipsky’s theory on protest group is used as a framework to understand HEF. Internal dynamics of the protest group, strategies used in dealing with the media, interactions with the third group and the target group constitute the focus of the analysis. Comprehensive document analyses and interviews were conducted to obtain the data necessary for understanding the history and strategies used by HEF based on the framework mentioned above. The people interviewed include staff of HEF, educational administrators, other pressure groups, as well as journalists to understand how HEF manage to survive and grow.
Findings begin with a historical account of the different stages HEF went through in its development. Data collected show that HEF succeeded for good reasons. It has successfully handled key surviving imperatives of the pressure group in the four areas just mentioned. In terms of internal dynamic, strong leadership, clear group goals, supporting staff and volunteers, and stable fund raising make HEF survive many other pressure groups in education. HEF also has paid special attention in interacting with the media. Via releasing news strategically to maintain its visibility and advocate its idea, HEF has successfully used the media to bring social support for its reform agendas.
This thesis has the following contributions. First of all, it helps us to understand how an influencing pressure group in education like HEF can survive and has such great impact on Taiwan’s education. Life history account of HEF also provides valuable historical account of its development. Second, theoretical explanations on pressure group were examined in local context to test its power of explanation. The successful experiences of HEF in acting as a pressure group can provide valuable experiences for other pressure group in education. Finally, governments and schools can learn how to cope with pressure group in education better by learning more about their strategies.
[[alternative]]Examinees’ Cognition and Coping Strategies towards the Recommendation and Screening System of Higher Education Entrance Exam
No full text[[abstract]]Abstract
This study investigates the Recommendation and Screening System of higher education entrance exams, aiming to clarifying the mechanism guiding the functioning of the system. Cultural capital and social capital perspectives are employed to exam how the system assigns examinees to different departments and schools. The Recommendation and Screening system is newly established as part of the higher education entrance exams. However, critiques follow. Doubts about the fairness of the recommendation and screening system have been raised. Among all of the critiques, empirical investigation is still missing.
To understand the mechanism behind the function of the Recommendation and Screening system, interviews were conducted. Data was collected from 18 interviewees who participated in the Recommendation and Screening System of higher education entrance exam in 2004. All of the interviewees came from senior high schools in Taipei city. The findings are as follows:
1. Examinees’ cognition toward the system:
(1) Examinees’ understanding towards the system principally came from their school.
(2) Most examinees did not completely understand the system until their last year in senior high school.
(3) Most examinees had very limited understanding about the standards of primary selection for participating in the Recommendation and Screening System at their school.
2. The examinees’ coping strategies toward the system:
(1) Each examinee’s choices of the department and schools were based on rationally calculation of their own interests and abilities.
(2) Many examinees did not zealously prepare the recommendation and screening exam until their last year in senior high school.
(3) Examinees used all possible resources to prepare for the Recommendation and Screening system.
3. The function of cultural capital within the system:
(1) Family cultural capital did not seem to function too much in the system.
(2) The content of the interviews in the Recommendation and Screening system is closely related to cultural capital.
(3) The impact of cultural capital was not obvious on the result of recommendation and screening exam.
(4) Cultural capital worked only when the examinees actively used it.
4. The function of social capital within the system:
(1) Social capital influenced examinees’ choice of the department and university.
(2) Social capital affected examinees’ coping strategy in preparing for the recommendation and screening exam.
(3) Parental social capital offered limited help to the examinees during the interview.
(4) Social capital needed to be actively used by the examinees.
Suggestions for students and senior high schools were offered at the end. Ideas for future study are also provided.
[[alternative]]The Recruitment and Roles of Superintendents in the County Bureau of Education
No full text[[abstract]]This study aims to explore the recruitment and roles of superintendents in Taiwan before and after the passage of Local Management Law. Interviews, literature review, and document analysis were used to address the research questions. A county in northern Taiwan was chosen as the focus of study.
It was found that superintendents play lots of different roles, including education-leader, civil servant, manager, politician, community-leader, etc. The role conflicts faced by superintendents include the gap between self-expectation and real performance, being a boss and a subordinate, an officer and a politician at the same time, and responsibilities to be fulfilled at work and in the family. Superintendents may avoid role conflicts by winning support through professional leadership, abiding by the administrative operation procedure when resolving problems, efficient time-management, purposive neglect when necessary, etc. Superintendents are often overloaded. They face too much work pressure and have to solve different problems. “Conflict is the superintendent’s DNA ”. Communicating with others and dissolving conflicts have become the superintendents’ important work.
The following suggestions are made to improve the recruitment and successful performance of superintendents.
1. Suggestion for the County Government: Superintendents’ license system need to be established in order to ensure the quality and professional status of superintendents. The responsibilities and work of superintendents need to be laid out clearly,
2. Suggestion for the superintendents: Superintendents should face the problems directly. It is important for them to play different roles on the job. Building public images, maintaining community support, and continuous professional development are also important task of superintendents. Superintendents also need to be effective communicators and policy makers.
[[alternative]]A study on junior high school principals’ viewpoints toward county councilors’ participation in and concerns with school affairs
No full text[[abstract]]Abstract
A school, especially a junior high school, has to keep a good relationship with the community because it is the place where children receive their basic education. Therefore, inevitably, people in the community care a lot about the school. Among them are local councilors, with the support of the citizens and the power to supervise the educational affairs of the city or the county. They care about and participate in the school affairs, so when a principal wants to keep a good relationship with the community, councilors are the key persons.
Research shows that county (city) councilors use not only legitimate power to participate directly in school affairs, but also coercive power, reward power, referent power, expert power, and the media to influence school affairs indirectly. Besides those mentioned above, losing and saving face, doing and returning a favor, should be taken into account. So the relationship between a principal and councilors are based on a complicated network.
Those principals who take the interviews think that in order to obtain more resources favorable for school management, principals should keep a moderate relationship with councilors, but just a moderate one. They can’t accept the roles being too close with councilors, who are usually viewed as politician-like principals.
Here are tips for keeping a moderate relationship with councilors:
1. See things from the viewpoints of the councilors.
2. Know the ever-changing political world.
3. Understand the styles of the councilors.
4. Focus on school affairs.
5. Do your best to run a school.
6. Form a good public image.
Mutual respect and moderate relationship would bring more resources for the school development.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
sj-doc-3-dhj-10.1177_20552076221115018 - Supplemental material for Instant messaging client gives the opportunity to recognize gut microbiota and dysbiosis-related disease: An investigation study on WeChat APP
No full textSupplemental material, sj-doc-3-dhj-10.1177_20552076221115018 for Instant messaging client gives the opportunity to recognize gut microbiota and dysbiosis-related disease: An investigation study on WeChat APP by Yujie Liu, Sheng Zhang, Xia Wu, Qianqian Li, Yun Wang, Yihao Huang, Faming Zhang, Bota Cui and Xiang Lu in Digital Health</p
sj-doc-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076221115018 - Supplemental material for Instant messaging client gives the opportunity to recognize gut microbiota and dysbiosis-related disease: An investigation study on WeChat APP
No full textSupplemental material, sj-doc-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076221115018 for Instant messaging client gives the opportunity to recognize gut microbiota and dysbiosis-related disease: An investigation study on WeChat APP by Yujie Liu, Sheng Zhang, Xia Wu, Qianqian Li, Yun Wang, Yihao Huang, Faming Zhang, Bota Cui and Xiang Lu in Digital Health</p
sj-doc-2-dhj-10.1177_20552076221115018 - Supplemental material for Instant messaging client gives the opportunity to recognize gut microbiota and dysbiosis-related disease: An investigation study on WeChat APP
No full textSupplemental material, sj-doc-2-dhj-10.1177_20552076221115018 for Instant messaging client gives the opportunity to recognize gut microbiota and dysbiosis-related disease: An investigation study on WeChat APP by Yujie Liu, Sheng Zhang, Xia Wu, Qianqian Li, Yun Wang, Yihao Huang, Faming Zhang, Bota Cui and Xiang Lu in Digital Health</p
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