1,720,985 research outputs found
Liquid flow in biofilm systems
No full textA model biofilm consisting of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was developed to study the relationships between structural heterogeneity and hydrodynamics. Local fluid velocity in the biofilm system was measured by a noninvasive method of particle image velocimetry, using confocal scanning laser microscopy. Velocity profiles were measured in conduit and porous medium reactors in the presence and absence of biofilm. Liquid flow was observed within biofilm channels; simultaneous imaging of the biofilm allowed the liquid velocity to be related to the physical structure of the biofilm
Effects of biofilm structures on oxygen distribution and mass transport
No full textAerobic biofilms were found to have a complex structure consisting of microbial cell clusters (discrete aggregates of densely packed cells) and interstitial voids. The oxygen distribution was strongly correlated with these structures. The voids facilitated oxygen transport from the bulk liquid through the biofilm, supplying approximately 50% of the total oxygen consumed by the cells. The mass transport rate from the bulk liquid is influenced by the biofilm structure; the observed exchange surface of the biofilm is twice that calculated for a simple planar geometry. The oxygen diffusion occurred in the direction normal to the cluster surfaces, the horizontal and vertical components of the oxygen gradients were of equal importance. Consequently, for calculations of mass transfer rates a three-dimensional model is necessary. These findings imply that to accurately describe biofilm activity, the relation between the arrangement of structural components and mass transfer must be understood. <br/
Sposób uszlachetniania karbońskich skał montmorillonitowych opis patentowy nr 51992 /
No full textTyt. z ekranu tyt.Zgłoszono 10 lipca 1963 r.Opublikowano 21 listopada 1966 r.Pozostali twórcy wynalazku: Stefan Dąbrowski, Jerzy Jabłoński, Stanisław Kwiatkowski, Jan Lewandowski, Zbigniew Michałek, Marian Olszewski, Józef Paluchiewicz, Stanisław Stopa, Andrzej Czajka.Dostępny także w wersji drukowanej.Tryb dostępu: Internet
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Sposób przygotowania karbońskich skał montmorillonitowych na lepiszcze mas formierskich opis patentowy nr 53997 /
No full textTyt. z ekranu tyt.Zgłoszono 24 marca 1965 r.Opublikowano 20 października 1967 r.Patent dodatkowy do patentu: Sposób przygotowania karbońskich skał montmorillonitowych na lepiszcze mas formierskich : opis patentowy nr 49380 / Andrzej Bolewski [et al.].Pozostali twórcy wynalazku: Stefan Dąbrowski, Jerzy Jabłoński, Lech Lewandowski, Zbigniew Michałek, Marian Olszewski, Józef Paluckiewicz.Numer zgłosz. P 108069.Dostępny także w wersji drukowanej.Tryb dostępu: Internet
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Sposób przygotowania karbońskich skał montmorillonitowych na lepiszcze mas formierskich opis patentowy nr 49380 /
No full textTyt. z ekranu tyt.Zgłoszono 5 lipca 1963 r.Numer zgłosz. P.102078.Opublikowano 30 kwietnia 1965 r.Pozostali współtwórcy wynalazku: Stefan Dąbrowski, Jerzy Jabłoński, Stanisław Kwiatkowski, Jan Lech Lewandowski, Zbigniew Michałek, Marian Olszewski, Józef Paluchiewicz, Stanisław Zbigniew Stopa.Dostępny także w wersji drukowanej.Tryb dostępu: Internet
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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