1,721,089 research outputs found
Identifying, ordering and defining senses
Full text linkPreprint version of:
Lew, Robert. 2013. ‘Identifying, Ordering and Defining Senses’ In Jackson, Howard (ed.), The Bloomsbury
Companion to Lexicography. London: Bloomsbury Publishing
Dictionaries for learners of English
Full text linkAuthor’s Original (Preprint) version of:
Lew, Robert. 2016. “Dictionaries for learners of English”, Language Teaching 49, 2: 291–294.
This version is more substantial than the final published version (which was cut down due to space budget constraints), so I recommend this version
How Helpful Are Online English Learners' Dictionaries in Dealing with Misspellings?
Full text linkThis is a Pre-Print: An unrefereed manuscript version of an article, as submitted for review in
a journal. This pre-print version is much more substantial than the final published version.
The final published version has appeared as:
Lew, Robert and Roger Mitton 2012. `Online English Learners´ Dictionaries and Misspellings: One
Year On.´ International Journal of Lexicography. DOI: 10.1093/ijl/ecs016This study looks at how well the leading monolingual English learners’ dictionaries in their online versions cope with misspelled words as search terms. Seven such dictionaries (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, free online version; Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, premium subscription version; Merriam-Webster's English Learner's Online Dictionary; Macmillan English Dictionary Online; Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary; Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary; and Google English Dictionary) are tested on a corpus of misspellings produced by Polish, Japanese, and Finnish learners of English. The performance of the dictionaries varies widely, but is in general disappointing. In a large proportion of cases, the dictionaries fail to supply the intended word, and when they do, they do not place it at the top of the list of suggested alternatives. Results are then compared with those from one year ago for the same dictionaries and the same misspellings. A detailed analysis follows, identifying some of the mechanisms behind the failures in identifying and correcting misspellings. The success rates of the dictionaries are compared with that of an experimental context-free spellchecker developed by the second author, and the spellchecker is found to be markedly superior. The data are subjected to a cluster analysis to see if the dictionaries can be grouped based solely on their performance. The article concludes with suggestions on how to improve the performance of the spellchecking facilities in online dictionaries
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Space restrictions in paper and electronic dictionaries and their implications for the design of production dictionaries
Full text linkThis is a preprint version of: Lew, Robert (to appear - 2011?). ‘Space Restrictions in Paper and Electronic Dictionaries and Their Implications for the Design of Production Dictionaries’ in Bański, Piotr and Beata Wójtowicz (eds.), Issues in Modern Lexicography. München: Lincom Europa.One important consideration in dictionary-making has been that of space. To conserve space in paper dictionaries, a number of principles, strategies and conventions have been employed.
With the gradual transition of the dictionary to the electronic medium, some of these strategies and conventions have lost, or changed, their significance.
For one thing, it is no longer sufficient to speak of dictionary space alone, as was customary with paper dictionaries. One should now distinguish between at least two types of space: storage space and presentation space. In fact, this distinction is also valid for paper
dictionaries.
By storage space I mean the capacity to hold the total content of the dictionary. Storage space restrictions are no longer a major concern in electronic dictionaries except for the most spaceconsuming content, such as high-resolution video. Presentation space refers to the display of lexicographic information, and here the restrictions are very real in the case of electronic dictionaries.
The (potentially) dynamic character of lexicographic presentation in electronic dictionaries redefines classical metalexicographic notions, such as microstructure and access structure, or
entry element and cross-reference.
The move of dictionaries to the electronic medium has also opened up new possibilities for dictionaries designed specifically to aid production in the second/foreign language. I offer some suggestions on how these new proposals could be improved to take advantage of the electronic medium
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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