270 research outputs found
Omzundaki enstrümani değiştiren "Ozan": Haluk Levent
No full textThis article deals with the historical development of Anatolian Rock movement and, with special consideration to "City and Folk Song", the relations between folk songs and "Anatolian Rock", which emerged in nineties in new forms and which was recalled mostly together with Haluk Levent at that time. Pointing out the development of folk songs and folk singers over time, the article attempts to prove that folk songs and folk singers sustained their existence in cities in new forms since eighties, when urbanisation reached the maximum level in Turkey. For this purpose, the folk song components of Haluk Levent's songs are investigated
An energy harvesting cochlear implant
No full textBu buluş algılayıcı olarak kulak zan ya da orta kulak kemikçikleri üzerine yerleştirilen bir piezoelektrik titreşim enerjisi toplayıcı kullanan, bu sayede de gelen ses dalgalarının frekansını algılayıp aynı zamanda ılgılı duyu sinirlerini uyarabilecek elektriksel potansiyeli üretebilen bir total koklear implant hakkındadır Buluş standart koklear implant sistemlerinde kullanılan hana parçalan elimine ettiğinden hastaların aralıksız şekilde duyabilmesini sağlamaktadır Ayrıca sistem kendi enerjisini orta kulaktaki titreşimler vasıtası ile ürettiğinden, sürekli şan edilmesi gereken pil problemi de ortadan kalkmaktadır Buluşun algılayıcı kısmı mikro-elektro-mekanik sistemler (MEMS) üretim yöntemleri kullanılarak üretilmektedir Buluş iki ana parçadan oluşmaktadır, gelen sesin frekansını algılayan aynı zamanda da bu titreşimden enerji üreten algılayıcı, koklea içimdeki işitme sinirlerini uyaran elektrotlarThe invention is related to a totally implantable cochlear implant having a transducer which is a piezoelectric vibration energy harvester to be mounted on the ossicular chain or the tympanic membrane to detect the frequency of oscillations and generate the required voltage to stimulate the relevant auditory nerves. The invention enables patients' continuous access to sound, since it eliminates the outside components of conventional cochlear implants. The invention also eliminates the problem of battery need, since the transducer generates voltage required to stimulate auditory nerves from the vibrations of ossicular chain. The transducer is fabricated using Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) fabrication techniques. The invention incorporates of two main parts, a transducer acting both as a frequency detector and an energy harvester, and electrodes to stimulate the auditory nerve inside the cochle
Foreign entry and the Turkish banking system in 2000s
No full textSUER, OMUR/0000-0001-9997-6457; Levent, Haluk/0000-0003-3901-3258; Sen, Suleyman/0000-0002-4851-2270In recent decades, the role of foreign ownership in banking sectors, and especially the developing ones has become a frequently investigated topic among finance scholars. Similar to many other developing countries seeking to attract foreign direct investments, Turkey has experienced a great increase in the number of foreign owned banks in the sector following the 2000 and 2001 economic and financial crises. Using panel data regression analysis for a sample of 31 deposit banks operating in Turkey, for the period 2002-2012, we find that foreign ownership has a negative and statistically significant impact on accounting profits, proxied by the ratio of earnings before taxes to total assets. However, contrary to expectations, three other dependent variables representing interest rate spreads, non-lending activities and short term risk, were not found to be significantly associated with foreign ownership. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Determinants of Turkish Inflation
No full textThe main purpose in this paper is to investigate the determinants of inflationary process in Turkish economy. For this purpose, based on some potential causes of inflation, an empirical model is contructed upon emphasizing the roles of various factors on inflationary process. The results obtained support the view of cost-push inflation led by exchange rate depreciations, wage indexation mechanism, real interest structure and public sector pricing behaviour which is considered some part of wholesale prices, rather than the demand-pull monetary factors. Some other factors such as the course of real effective exchange rate have been found indicating a relieving effect on the cost pressure settled in domestic economy as well. Supporting these arguments, we find that the smaller the growth performance of the economy given the cost-pressure through exchange-rate pass-through effects, wage indexation mechanism and the real interest structure be imposed, the larger would be the inflation structure. These all might also be given as evidence to that the cost-push rather than demand-pull factors would affect the course of Turkish business cycles.Inflation, Turkish Economy, Cost-Push Pressure
Restaurations des fondamentaux économiques, réformes structurelles et cohésion sociale en Turquie.
No full textDepuis 2003, la Turquie a entrepris de restaurer ses fondamentaux macro-économique en mettant en place, sous la houlette du FMI, un programme de lutte contre l’inflation, tendon d’Achille traditionnel du pays et une politique budgétaire d’austérité, caractérisée par le dégagement de forts excédents budgétaires primaires. La politique économique volontariste menée par les autorités turques a permis de restaurer l’image financière du pays, mais le rétablissement de la confiance des financiers et investisseurs internationaux impose à la Turquie de mener à bien une série de réformes structurelles, tout en continuant son effort budgétaire, ce qui a un impact négatif en matière sociale et ne permet pas d’éradiquer l’important secteur informel dont l’existence constitue désormais une menace pour la paix sociale dans le pays. Pressée par la communauté financière internationale tout autant que le FMI et les autorités de Bruxelles, la Turquie doit aujourd’hui trouver une voie économique médiane lui permettant de concilier restauration des fondamentaux économiques, mise en œuvre des réformes structurelles et actions en faveur de la cohésion sociale.Turquie; conditions économiques; Politique fiscale;
An empirical analysis of Turkish inflation (1988-2004): some non-monetarist estimations
No full textThe main purpose in this paper is to investigate the determinants of the inflationary process in the Turkish economy. For this purpose, based on a some potential consequential reasons, a vast literature is tried to be investigated on the Turkish inflation, and a model attempt on inflation phenomenon is estimated. The results obtained support the view of cost-push inflation. Also the factors resulting from public sector pricing behavior and also the price inertia phenomenon are estimated as the other main sources of inflationary process under the estimation period 1988-2004, rather than the demand-pull monetary factors.Inflation ; Turkish Economy ; Var Modelling ;
Tocilizumab's effect on cognitive deficits induced by intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin in Alzheimer's model
No full textNeuroinflammation plays pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). IL-6 is pleiotropic cytokine which plays significant pathological role in inflammatory diseases and causes prolonged inflammation. Additionally, IL-6 activates microglia cells and enhances the accumulation of amyloid-beta peptides. Moreover, IL-6 signal transduction is mediated by membrane-bound and soluble IL-6 receptors. Tocilizumab which is a humanized anti-human IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) monoclonal antibody binds to both of these receptors and inhibits IL-6 signaling by this route. The objective was to investigate tocilizumab's potential effects in the treatment of AD. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham (control), streptozotocin (STZ), and tocilizumab-STZ. We used a single dose of intracerebroventricular (ICV) tocilizumab, beginning 1 h prior to injection of STZ for 3 weeks. The rats in STZ and tocilizumab-STZ groups were given ICV-STZ (3 mg/kg). Behavioral parameters were evaluated on days 17-20 and the rats were sacrificed on day-21 to examine histopathological changes. STZ injection caused significant decrease in the mean escape latency in passive avoidance and also declined the performance improvement in Morris water maze tests. Tocilizumab-STZ group significantly improved learning and spatial memory functions by increasing RLT in the passive avoidance and by shortening escape latency in reaching the platform in the Morris water maze. Histopathological changes were examined using hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical (IHC) stainings. IHC analysis revealed that while protein expressions of amyloid- (3.5 +/- A 0.2) and IL-6 (2.9 +/- A 0.4) showed intense immune-positivity in STZ group, amyloid- (1.3 +/- A 0.1) and IL-6 (1.5 +/- A 0.2) immunoreactivities were substantially decreased in tocilizumab treatment group. We conclude that tocilizumab treatment attenuated significantly STZ-induced cognitive impairment and histopathological changes. Further studies would be desirable to investigate clinically relevant protective effects of tocilizumab in AD
Operating Costs Of Urban Rail Systems
No full textTez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2007Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2007Bu çalışmada, İstanbul’da kentsel raylı sistemlerin işletme maliyetleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada tramvay sistemi olarak Eminönü-Zeytinburnu hattı, hafif metro sistemi olarak Aksaray-Havaalanı hattı ve metro olarak da Taksim-4.Levent hattı incelenmiştir. Çalışmada bu hatların işletmecisi olan İstanbul Ulaşım A.Ş. den alınan maliyet tabloları kullanılmıştır. Bu tablolar işletme maliyeleri alt başlıklarına göre yeniden ayrıştırılıp düzenlenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan diğer veriler de İstanbul Ulaşım A.Ş.’nin ilgili bölümlerinden alınmıştır. Elde edilen birim maliyetler dünyadaki örnekleriyle karşılaştırılmış işletme maliyetlerinin daha gerçekçi hesaplanabilmesi için öneriler sunulmuştur.In this study operating costs of urban rail systems are reviewed. The rail transit systems considered in the study are Eminönü- Zeytinburnu tram, Aksaray-Havaalanı light rail system and Taksim-4.Levent metro system. The operating cost tables of İstanbul Ulaşım A.Ş, the operator of rail transit lines, are used. These cost tables are reviewed and restored according to the operating costs items considered in this study. Other data used in this cost study are taken from departmants of İstanbul Ulaşım A.Ş. The unit costs obtained from the study are compared with the world examples. In conclusion these unit costs are appraised and some suggestions are made to improve the accuracy of the calculation of operating costs of rail transit system in İstanbul.Yüksek LisansM.Sc
A Cost-based Empirical Model of the Aggregate Price Determination for the Turkish Economy: A Multivariate Cointegration Approach
No full textThis paper tries to examine the long run relationships between the aggregate consumer prices and some cost-based components for the Turkish economy. Based on a simple economic model of the macro-scaled price formation, multivariate cointegration techniques have been applied to test whether the real data support the a priori model construction. The results reveal that all of the factors, related to the price determination, have a positive impact on the consumer prices as expected. We find that the most significant component contributing to the price setting is the nominal exchange rate depreciation. We also cannot reject the linear homogeneity of the sum of all the price data as to the domestic inflation. The paper concludes that the Turkish consumer prices have in fact a strong cost-push component that contributes to the aggregate pricing.Aggregate consumer prices, Cointegration, Turkish economy.
The role of cannabinoids on REM sleep deprivation related hyperalgesia
No full textYüksek Lisans TeziBu çalışmada 96 saat süreyle REM uyku yoksunluğu oluşturulmuş sıçanlarda gelişen hiperaljeziye WIN 55 adlı kanabinoid maddenin etkileri araştırılarak uyku ve ağrı arasındaki ilişkinin nörokimyasal mekanizmasının açıklanmasına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, kırk adet wistar albino sıçan (200-220 gr.) kullanıldı. Denekler her grupta 10 hayvan olmak üzere toplam 4 grup (Grup 1/REM yoksunluğu+Placebo Kontrol, Grup 2/REM yoksunluğu+WIN 55 (1 mg/kg), Grup 3/REM yoksunluğu+WIN 55 (3 mg/kg), Grup 4/REM yoksunluğu+WIN 55 (10 mg/kg)) altında toplanıp, önceden belirlediğimiz yöntemle numaralandırılarak kafeslere dağıtıldı. Tüm hayvanların ağırlık ve başlangıç ağrı eşiği ölçümleri ("sıcak levha" testi kullanılarak) yapıldı. Dört grupta da "çok platformlu modifiye yöntem" ile REM uyku yoksunluğu oluşturuldu. Daha sonra Grup 1'e DMSO %50 ve Grup 2'ye 1 mg/kg, Grup 3'e 3 mg/kg, Grup 4'e 10 mg/kg WIN 55,212-2 injeksiyonu intraperitoneal yoldan (5 mL/kg) uygulandı. İlaç uygulamasından 60 dakika sonra sıcak levha testi ile tüm hayvanlarda ağrı eşiği ölçümleri tekrarlandı. Deney süresince hayvanlar özel kafeslerde tutularak, beslenmeleri için ad libitum standart yem ve musluk suyu verildi. Ağrı eşiği ölçümlerinin normal dağılıma uygunluğu Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi ile, Gruplar arasında ağrı eşiği ortalamaları arasındaki fark ANOVA testi ile değerlendirildi. Ayrıca post-hoc Tukey testi kullanıldı. P<0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. WIN 55 intraperitoneal olarak uygulandığında 10 mg/kg dozda, REM-uykusuzluğuna bağlı hiperaljeziyi engelleyici etki gösterdi.AbstractIn this study, we aimed to obtain evidence for explaining the neurochemical mechanism between sleep and pain by investigating the effects of WIN 55, a cannabinoid substance, on 96 hours REM-sleep deprivation induced hyperalgesia. In study, forty wistar albino rats (200-220 g) were used. Four experimental groups, each having 10 animals, were as folows: Group 1/REM deprivation+Placebo Control, Group 2/REM deprivation+WIN 55 (1 mg/kg), Group 3/REM deprivation+WIN 55 (3 mg/kg), Group 4/REM deprivation+WIN 55 (10 mg/kg). All animasl were weighed and underwent to baseline pain threshold measurements by hot-plate test. REM-sleep deprivation was achieved by modified multiple platform technique in four study groups. Then, Group 1 had DMSO 50%, Group 2, 3 and 4 had 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg WIN 55,212-2 intraperitoneal injection (5 mL/kg), respectively. Sixty minutes after drug administration, pain threshold measurements were performed in all animals by hot-plate. During the whole study protocol, animals were kept under constant environmental conditions and fed standard rat chow and tap water ad libitum. Accordance to normal distributon of pain threshold measurements were tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov, the difference between the mean results of the groups were evaluated by ANOVA test. In addition, post-hoc Tukey test was used. P<0,05 accepted as statistically significant. In conclusion, when administered intraperitoneally 10 mg/kg WIN 55 prevented REM-sleep deprivation induced hyperalgesia
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