1,720,974 research outputs found
Feminist Cyberlaw
Get PDFThis vibrant and visionary reimagining of the field of cyberlaw through a feminist lens brings together emerging and established scholars and practitioners to explore how gender, race, sexuality, disability, class, and the intersections of these identities affect cyberspace and the laws that govern it. It promises to build a movement of scholars whose work charts a near future where cyberlaw is informed by feminism.
“This intellectually exciting collection seamlessly draws together highly original research and reflections on the perils and potential of technology—and imagines the digital futures that might be possible if we heed the insights of feminist scholars.” — ALONDRA NELSON, Institute for Advanced Study
“An indispensable resource for legal scholars and practitioners alike attempting to understand how the internet could live up to its true democratic ideals.” — IFEOMA AJUNWA, author of The Quantified Worker: Law and Technology in the Modern Workplace
“A welcome and brilliant collection that we need now more than ever. Expertly showing how rules for digital technologies have always been about bodies, social dynamics, and power, these contributions provide an urgent and compelling demonstration of how cyberlaw often loses the thread—and of how to do better.” — WOODROW HARTZOG, author of Privacy’s Blueprint: The Battle to Control the Design of New Technologies
“Scholarly yet engaging, broad in scope yet cogent in argument, and critical yet hopeful. A must‑read.”—ARI EZRA WALDMAN, author of Industry Unbound: The Inside Story of Privacy, Data, and Corporate Powe
Feminist Cyberlaw
No full textThis vibrant and visionary reimagining of the field of cyberlaw through a feminist lens brings together emerging and established scholars and practitioners to explore how gender, race, sexuality, disability, class, and the intersections of these identities affect cyberspace and the laws that govern it. It promises to build a movement of scholars whose work charts a near future where cyberlaw is informed by feminism.
“This intellectually exciting collection seamlessly draws together highly original research and reflections on the perils and potential of technology—and imagines the digital futures that might be possible if we heed the insights of feminist scholars.” — ALONDRA NELSON, Institute for Advanced Study
“An indispensable resource for legal scholars and practitioners alike attempting to understand how the internet could live up to its true democratic ideals.” — IFEOMA AJUNWA, author of The Quantified Worker: Law and Technology in the Modern Workplace
“A welcome and brilliant collection that we need now more than ever. Expertly showing how rules for digital technologies have always been about bodies, social dynamics, and power, these contributions provide an urgent and compelling demonstration of how cyberlaw often loses the thread—and of how to do better.” — WOODROW HARTZOG, author of Privacy’s Blueprint: The Battle to Control the Design of New Technologies
“Scholarly yet engaging, broad in scope yet cogent in argument, and critical yet hopeful. A must‑read.”—ARI EZRA WALDMAN, author of Industry Unbound: The Inside Story of Privacy, Data, and Corporate Powe
Trademarks as Surveillance Transparency
Get PDFWe know very little about the technologies that watch us. From cell site simulators to predictive policing algorithms, the lack of transparency around surveillance technologies makes it difficult for the public to engage in meaningful oversight. Legal scholars have critiqued various corporate and law enforcement justifications for surveillance opacity, including contract and intellectual property law. But the public needs a free, public, and easily accessible source of information about corporate technologies that might be used to watch us. To date, the literature has overlooked a free, extensive, and easily accessible source of information about surveillance technologies hidden in plain sight: federal trademark filings.This Essay examines the powerful and unexplored role of trademark law in exercising oversight within and beyond surveillance. Trademark law promotes access to information, and the federal trademark application process—long overlooked by scholars—demands extensive public disclosures that reveal a wealth of information about surveillance technologies. This Essay leverages examples from real trademark applications to explore how journalists, researchers, and civil society can use the detailed disclosures in trademark applications for transparency. I conclude that trademark law can be a powerful tool for correcting longstanding information asymmetries between the watchers and the watched by empowering the public to watch back
TLISI 2023: Technology and Disability Inclusive Pedagogy
No full textTechnological interventions in the classroom can help disabled students. But they can also harm them instead. Classroom recording can promote accessibility but, for controversial or challenging conversations, it may have a chilling effect on faculty and students. ""Laptop bans"" claim to cultivate an engaged classroom environment, but they force disabled students to out themselves and/or seek formal accommodations, which can be challenging to navigate. And technological fixes to accessibility problems, like replacing human notetakers with AI tools, are made without consulting disabled students, leaving them unable to participate fully in coursework. Informed by work with the Disabled Law Students Association, this Workshop explores this trio of problems and engages in interactive, collaborative problem solving with participants to create classroom cultures that are more inclusive for disabled students
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
How Copyright Law Can Fix Artificial Intelligence\u27s Implicit Bias Problem
Get PDFAs the use of artificial intelligence (AI) continues to spread, we have seen an increase in examples of AI systems reflecting or exacerbating societal bias, from racist facial recognition to sexist natural language processing. These biases threaten to overshadow AI’s technological gains and potential benefits. While legal and computer science scholars have analyzed many sources of bias, including the unexamined assumptions of its oftenhomogenous creators, flawed algorithms, and incomplete datasets, the role of the law itself has been largely ignored. Yet just as code and culture play significant roles in how AI agents learn about and act in the world, so too do the laws that govern them. This Article is the first to examine perhaps the most powerful law impacting AI bias: copyright. Artificial intelligence often learns to “think” by reading, viewing, and listening to copies of human works. This Article first explores the problem of bias through the lens of copyright doctrine, looking at how the law’s exclusion of access to certain copyrighted source materials may create or promote biased AI systems. Copyright law limits bias mitigation techniques, such as testing AI through reverse engineering, algorithmic accountability processes, and competing to convert customers. The rules of copyright law also privilege access to certain works over others, encouraging AI creators to use easily available, legally low-risk sources of data for teaching AI, even when those data are demonstrably biased. Second, it examines how a different part of copyright law—the fair use doctrine—has traditionally been used to address similar concerns in other technological fields, and asks whether it is equally capable of addressing them in the field of AI bias. The Article ultimately concludes that it is, in large part because the normative values embedded within traditional fair use ultimately align with the goals of mitigating AI bias and, quite literally, creating fairer AI systems
Resisting Face Surveillance with Copyright Law
Get PDFFace surveillance is animated by deep-rooted demographic and deployment biases that endanger marginalized communities and threaten the privacy of all. But current approaches have not prevented its adoption by law enforcement. Some companies have offered voluntary moratoria on selling the technology, leaving many others to fill in the gaps. Legislators have enacted regulatory oversight at the state and city levels, but a federal ban remains elusive. Both approaches require vast shifts in practical and political will, each with drawbacks. While we wait, face surveillance persists. This Article suggests a new possibility: face surveillance is fueled by unauthorized copies and reproductions of photographs, and resisting face surveillance compels us to consider countering it with copyright law.
So why haven\u27t face surveillance companies been overwhelmed with copyright infringement litigation? Fair use. This Article lays out the litigation landscape before analyzing the recent Supreme Court decision in Google v. Oracle, alongside other key fair use cases, to examine why this complex doctrine may permit many uses of machine learning without allowing face surveillance to copy and reproduce online profile pictures. Some face surveillance companies claim to be transformative search engines, but their business models are more like private subscription services that are rarely found to be fair use. And scraping profile pictures harms the unique licensing market for these photographs, which grows as companies and researchers increasingly reject scraped photos as sources of face analysis training data. This Article concludes that copyright law could curtail face surveillance without waiting for companies or Congress to catch up--and we ought to use it
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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