1,721,010 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
La sous-unité lourde des neurofilaments (NFH): du gène à la pathologie
No full textNeurofilaments (NFs) are the major and specific Intermediate Filaments (IF) of neurons. They are required for the maintenance and proper function of axons. Among the three subunits, the high molecular NFH, is the last to appear during neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. However its precise role is unknown. Accumulation of cytoskeleton components is a fundamental event in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), or in peripheral neuropathies, including Neurofilaments. Their aggregation in the cytoplasm or in axon may perturb the axonal flow. We develop a cellular and molecular tool through a fusion protein, NFHGFP, which allows us to follow the metabolism of NFH using the fluorochrome eGFP. The expression of NFHGFP, in cell culture experiments or in transgenic mice, does not modify the metabolism of IF, nor NFHGFP aggregation induced with specific IF toxic drugs or in double transgenic mice (NFHLacZ/NFHGFP). NFHGFP appears to be a new tool that could help to dissect the mechanisms of neuronal differentiation, intracellular and axono-myelinic interactions, neurotoxicity? We also show that regulatory elements are present in the second intron of NFH. These results are in accordance with those described for NFM and NFL. After having described, in mice, that a microtubule associated protein, STOP, is also associated with Neurofilaments, we demonstrated that STOP is also present in human nervous tissues and is associated with Neurofilaments. The protein is also aggregated in pathological neuronal structures known to be enriched in NFs, the spheroids. Finally, in axonal peripheral neuropathies of unknown aetiology, we point up that expression of Tubulin and NFs, is the same as in axonal growth and we postulate that chronic failure of regeneration may explain the pathophysiology of these neuropathies.Le cytosquelette des neurones matures est majoritairement composé de Neurofilaments. Ils sont nécessaires à la mise en place et au maintien de l'axone. Parmi les trois sous unités qui composent le neurofilament, celle de haut poids moléculaire (NFH) apparaît le plus tardivement lors de la différentiation de la synapse et sa fonction précise est mal connue. Une perturbation du métabolisme des Neurofilaments (à l'échelon de la protéine et/ou du gène) est impliquée dans certaines pathologies du système nerveux. Dans les maladies neurodégénératives, en particulier dans la Sclérose Latérale Amyotophique (SLA) ou dans des neuropathies périphériques, l'agrégation de NFs dans le corps cellulaire et dans l'axone, avec perturbation du flux axonal, est un événement fondamental. Nous avons développé un outil cellulaire et moléculaire, utilisant une protéine de fusion NFHGFP, permettant, grâce à un fluorochrome (eGFP), de suivre le métabolisme de NFH. En culture de cellules ou chez des souris transgéniques, l'expression de cette protéine de fusion ne modifie pas leur fonctionnement ni leur comportement en présence notamment de drogues susceptibles d'entraîner leur agrégation. L'utilisation de cet outil, en particulier en association avec l'expression de la protéine NFHLacZ, ouvre la voie pour de nouvelles études en situation physiologique et pathologique : différentiation neuronale, interactions intracellulaires et axonomyéliniques, études de neurotoxicité... Les travaux présentés portent également sur les mécanismes de régulation intragénique de NFH. Nous avons montré que, comme pour les deux autres sous unités (NFL et NFM), les séquences introniques, en particulier le second intron, permettaient de contrôler dans le temps et dans l'espace l'expression d'un rapporteur. Dans un objectif de transposition des résultats de la recherche fondamentale et expérimentale à la recherche clinique, nous avons démontré qu'une protéine initialement décrite comme associée aux microtubules (STOP) était également associée aux neurofilaments dans les tissus humains normaux et pathologiques (SLA). Enfin nous avons pu établir que le profil d'expression de la tubuline et des Neurofilaments dans des neuropathies périphériques de cause indéterminée reproduisait celui de la croissance axonale, et qu'une régénération inefficace pouvait également être à l'origine de certaines neuropathies
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
La sous-unité lourde des neurofilaments (NFH): du gène à la pathologie
No full textNeurofilaments (NFs) are the major and specific Intermediate Filaments (IF) of neurons. They are required for the maintenance and proper function of axons. Among the three subunits, the high molecular NFH, is the last to appear during neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. However its precise role is unknown. Accumulation of cytoskeleton components is a fundamental event in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), or in peripheral neuropathies, including Neurofilaments. Their aggregation in the cytoplasm or in axon may perturb the axonal flow. We develop a cellular and molecular tool through a fusion protein, NFHGFP, which allows us to follow the metabolism of NFH using the fluorochrome eGFP. The expression of NFHGFP, in cell culture experiments or in transgenic mice, does not modify the metabolism of IF, nor NFHGFP aggregation induced with specific IF toxic drugs or in double transgenic mice (NFHLacZ/NFHGFP). NFHGFP appears to be a new tool that could help to dissect the mechanisms of neuronal differentiation, intracellular and axono-myelinic interactions, neurotoxicity? We also show that regulatory elements are present in the second intron of NFH. These results are in accordance with those described for NFM and NFL. After having described, in mice, that a microtubule associated protein, STOP, is also associated with Neurofilaments, we demonstrated that STOP is also present in human nervous tissues and is associated with Neurofilaments. The protein is also aggregated in pathological neuronal structures known to be enriched in NFs, the spheroids. Finally, in axonal peripheral neuropathies of unknown aetiology, we point up that expression of Tubulin and NFs, is the same as in axonal growth and we postulate that chronic failure of regeneration may explain the pathophysiology of these neuropathies.Le cytosquelette des neurones matures est majoritairement composé de Neurofilaments. Ils sont nécessaires à la mise en place et au maintien de l'axone. Parmi les trois sous unités qui composent le neurofilament, celle de haut poids moléculaire (NFH) apparaît le plus tardivement lors de la différentiation de la synapse et sa fonction précise est mal connue. Une perturbation du métabolisme des Neurofilaments (à l'échelon de la protéine et/ou du gène) est impliquée dans certaines pathologies du système nerveux. Dans les maladies neurodégénératives, en particulier dans la Sclérose Latérale Amyotophique (SLA) ou dans des neuropathies périphériques, l'agrégation de NFs dans le corps cellulaire et dans l'axone, avec perturbation du flux axonal, est un événement fondamental. Nous avons développé un outil cellulaire et moléculaire, utilisant une protéine de fusion NFHGFP, permettant, grâce à un fluorochrome (eGFP), de suivre le métabolisme de NFH. En culture de cellules ou chez des souris transgéniques, l'expression de cette protéine de fusion ne modifie pas leur fonctionnement ni leur comportement en présence notamment de drogues susceptibles d'entraîner leur agrégation. L'utilisation de cet outil, en particulier en association avec l'expression de la protéine NFHLacZ, ouvre la voie pour de nouvelles études en situation physiologique et pathologique : différentiation neuronale, interactions intracellulaires et axonomyéliniques, études de neurotoxicité... Les travaux présentés portent également sur les mécanismes de régulation intragénique de NFH. Nous avons montré que, comme pour les deux autres sous unités (NFL et NFM), les séquences introniques, en particulier le second intron, permettaient de contrôler dans le temps et dans l'espace l'expression d'un rapporteur. Dans un objectif de transposition des résultats de la recherche fondamentale et expérimentale à la recherche clinique, nous avons démontré qu'une protéine initialement décrite comme associée aux microtubules (STOP) était également associée aux neurofilaments dans les tissus humains normaux et pathologiques (SLA). Enfin nous avons pu établir que le profil d'expression de la tubuline et des Neurofilaments dans des neuropathies périphériques de cause indéterminée reproduisait celui de la croissance axonale, et qu'une régénération inefficace pouvait également être à l'origine de certaines neuropathies
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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