1,720,989 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Examining patient’s mobile phone access and planning a virtual care intervention using mHealth and conversation analytics
No full textIntroduction: Unplanned hospital readmissions create stress for patients and their families while placing individuals at risk for negative outcomes and increasing healthcare system costs. Development of effective interventions to reduce readmissions involves timely discharge planning, transitional care, and stakeholder uptake. Mobile health (mHealth) and machine learning technology may help improve coordination of care, identify the underlying reasons for complications, and potentially reduce readmissions.
Methods: To determine whether mHealth can help streamline and improve transitional care after discharge from the hospital, we will utilize a two-way text messaging virtual care platform to be piloted at the medical wards in the Vancouver General Hospital (VGH) Clinical Teaching Unit (CTU). Prior to launching the program, we conducted a survey of patients admitted to the CTU to determine mobile phone access, usage, and preferences to better understand the population we wish to serve. Using this information, we designed an mHealth intervention protocol that is patient-centered and collaborative.
Results: We found that a two-way text messaging mHealth platform would likely be well-placed to facilitate better transitional care and to understand the underlying reasons for readmissions. Our survey results indicated that 86% of participants had access to a mobile phone, 63% of whom owned their own device and 23% of whom had access via a proxy (e.g., family or caregiver). These findings indicate that most patients can participate in mHealth interventions that rely on mobile phones and that engaging a proxy may further expand inclusivity. Lastly, we conducted training sessions and consulted with hospital staff to ensure the study protocol meets end-user needs and preferences. Using these findings, we developed a framework that utilizes natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning to analyze patient text message conversations with their health care provider (HCP).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that mHealth virtual care platforms are feasible and accessible in a hospital setting, which may help in reducing the burden of hospital readmission on patients, their families, and the health care system.Medicine, Faculty ofMedicine, Department ofGraduat
A study of Rwanda’s two-way text messaging support for isolated COVID-19 patients during the pandemic : patient use and AI-enhanced conversation analysis
No full textBackground: In Rwanda, a two-way-SMS-based mHealth intervention, WelTel, was deployed to support isolated COVID-19 patients throughout the pandemic. Patients received daily open-ended check-in-messages throughout their isolation period. To inform further health system digitalization, we sought to quantify WelTel enrollment, assess patients’ usage patterns, and explore how patient characteristics influence such behaviours. We further sought to investigate patient isolation experiences by AI-enhanced-analysis (Natural Language Processing (NLP)) of patient-clinician conversations, to improve similar programs.
Methods: WelTel registration and messaging records were extracted, supplemented with Rwanda Ministry of Health data, and quantified. Patient use (≥1 conversation) was computed and compared across sociodemographic groups (sex, age, province, COVID-19-status, pandemic-wave) using logistic regression. Conversation counts and characteristics (language, messages/conversation) were quantified alongside patient communication behaviours (conversations/user, response-times) which were also compared across sociodemographic groups using non-parametric tests. To understand isolation experiences, conversations were sampled (n=2,791/12,119), English-translated (as necessary), topic-labelled, language-restored, and used to train single-topic classifiers (Traditional-ML/Transformer architectures). Best-performing models meeting a F1≥0.7 cutoff were applied to unlabeled conversations. Topic prevalence and sociodemographic differences were assessed in human-labelled, and human-and-machine- labelled corpora using logistic regression.
Results: Rwanda registered 33,081 individuals in WelTel (March 2020-March 2022). Of those, 18% (n=6,021) used WelTel, with variation by sex, COVID-19-status, province, and pandemic-wave (p<0.001), but not age. 12,119 conversations were undertaken in Kinyarwanda (67%), English (25%), and regional languages. Most conversations contained <5 messages (75%). 56% of users produced one conversation (range:1-18). The median response-time was 77 minutes (IQR:22-294). Conversations/user and response-times were similar across sociodemographic groups. For conversation topic classification, traditional-ML models generally performed best and 67% of topics were suitably classified. Medical topics (e.g., symptoms:(70%), diagnostics:(37%)) were frequent. Service quality (15%), social (15%), and lifestyle (6%) topics were also discussed, alongside other rare topics. Sociodemographic factors accounted for minor differences in topics discussed.
Conclusion: Rwanda’s WelTel deployment was used by a significant number of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. NLP methods are a promising means of multilingual conversation analysis but require further optimization. Interactive texting enabled isolated patients and providers to discuss medical and non-medical issues and obtain advice that may have helped them self-manage their isolation.Medicine, Faculty ofMedicine, Department ofGraduat
A master protocol of an adaptive platform trial to assess effectiveness of multi-component interventions for linear growth of sub-Saharan African children during complementary feeding period
No full textRandomized clinical trials (RCT) are an important tool that has led to important reduction of global childhood mortality. Low and middle-income countries (LMICs) still face important challenge in stunting (low height-for-age) that can produce detrimental effects on child’s long-term development. Facing important challenges in stunting Rwanda has adopted stunting prevention with a particular focus on complementary feeding period ([CFP]: 6-24 months) as their national strategic plan. Rapid Pro, a community health workers program that provides routine health and monitoring services from pregnancy to five years of age using SMS, is a unique health system in Rwanda that can be used to improve linear growth for their children.
A single overarching master protocol for an adaptive platform trial (APT) that could be embedded into Rapid Pro to determine comparative effectiveness of multi-component interventions on linear growth during CFP was developed. APTs are a new RCT design that allows for evaluation of multiple interventions against a common control using interim evaluation and flexibilities of allowing new interventions to be added during the trial.
To inform the trial design, a landscape analysis of master protocols and APTs was done through a systematic literature review (SLR). This showed 83 master protocols, 16 of which were platform trials, that have been mostly conducted in the US (n=44/83) for pharmaceutical development (n=82/83). This was followed by an SLR with network meta-analysis (NMA) of LMIC-based RCTs studying interventions under the domains of micronutrients and food supplements, deworming, maternal education, and water, sanitation, and hygiene aimed to improve linear growth for children during CFP. An NMA of 79 RCTs involving 81,786 children showed largely equivocal results highlighting the need for more investigation with interventions being combined and tested as packages.
The results of these findings were then presented to the governmental stakeholders to determine intervention packages to be tested and to inform the APT design. Simulations were performed to design Bayesian early stopping rules that could reduce the expected sample size while keeping type I error rates under 2.5%. The findings support the use of APTs for child health and other key areas in global health research.Medicine, Faculty ofMedicine, Department ofGraduat
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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