1,720,975 research outputs found
“Non-standard” superficial venous thrombosis management. Should we consider a tailored approach? A critical review and discussion
Full text linkThrombophlebitis is an inflammatory process of the superficial veins with coexistent venous thrombosis, usually occurring in patients with specific preconditions (trauma, surgery or inactivity, signs of venous insufficiency, malignancies). The concept of thrombophlebitis has evolved over time and also the definition has changed from “Thrombophlebitis” to “Superficial venous thrombosis” (SVT). SVT course is usually benign if an appropriate and prompt treatment is undertaken. Pharmacological treatment includes anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin (LWMH), fondaparinux and, more recently, rivaroxaban. In selected cases the course of thrombophlebitis is not self-limited and the management definitely appears challenging for clinicians and not homogeneous among different Centres.
SVT complications include deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
and thrombosis recurrence. In this review we define “non standard” SVT those cases
presenting with one or more of the following features: SVT involving healthy veins;
recurrent, migrant or significantly extended SVT; SVT involving deep vein confluence; SVT
not associated to recognized risk factors, especially if occurring in young subjects). In such
“non standard” cases, SVT may also represent the epiphenomenon of a more complex
systemic condition. Therefore investigation may require more attention and resources. This
series of clinical cases focuses on uncertainties in the management of “non standard” SVT,
from diagnosis to treatment, and it underlines on the one side the need of a multidisciplinary approach to investigation and care and on the other side the opportunity of a systematic data collection and analysis to provide more reliable recommendations in this setting
Venous insufficiency and foot dysmorphism: effectiveness of visco-elastic rehabilitation system on foot/calf veno-muscle pumps M24.
No full textLink between mast cells and bacteria: Antimicrobial defense, function and regulation by cytokines
No full textBacteria and their products, such as LPS, act on mast cells (MCs) to induce the secretion of multiple cytokines, including IL-1, TNF, IL-18 and IL-33, which can be dosed in the site of infected tissues. Antigen-binding IgE cross-links FcεRI on mast cells involves the generation and activation of PKCδ, ERK, tyrosine kinases (Syk and Lyn) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), inducing the release of chemical mediators which provoke inflammation and hypersensitive reaction. Other stimuli, including, cytokines, neuropeptides, chemical and physical activators, can also act on MCs to release a plethora of inflammatory compounds. Activated MCs produce a broad spectrum of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, lipid compounds and vasoactive amines, all involved in immune response. By producing TNF, MCs have an antibacterial defense and a protective function; while pathogenic bacteria and their products, such as LPS, have an inflammatory response through MC activation. LPS binding TLR4 produce MC generation IL-1 family members, and chemokines, which may recruit inflammatory cells at the infection site; whereas in KitW/W-v mice, where MCs are genetically absent, the inflammatory effect is not present. We report for the first time a link between MCs and bacteria emphasizing the mediation of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. We can conclude that mast cells fight bacteria, and their immune response is perfectly integrated in the immune network. We hope that the understanding of microbial and mast cell interaction leads to more efficient therapeutic development in relation to microbial resistance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Internal Jugular Vein Thrombosis: A Bicentric Cohort Study
No full textBackground: Internal jugular vein thrombosis (IJVT) is a rare but serious complication in hospitalized patients, often associated with central venous access devices (CVADs). The primary objective of the study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with newly diagnosed IJVT, in particular to evaluate mortality, development of pulmonary embolism and incidence of bleeding at 30 days from diagnosis. Secondly, a sub-analysis was performed between patients with device-related and non-device-related thrombosis. Methods: Prospective study on adult inpatients diagnosed with IJVT from January to December 2024. Data on demographics, comorbidities, device use, laboratory values at diagnosis (D-dimer, platelet count, C-reactive protein (CRP), liver/renal function), treatment, and outcomes (mortality, pulmonary embolism, bleeding) were collected. Results: Thirty-one patients with IJVT were included. Mean age was 71.0 ± 13.2 years; 54.8% female; 35.5% had CVADs (central venous catheter (CVC) 36.4%, midlines 36.4%, peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) 27.2%). Device-associated IJVT patients exhibited lower D-dimer (2.1 ± 0.5 vs. 3.6 ± 0.8 µg/mL; p = 0.018), higher platelet counts (249.0 ± 86.7 vs. 184.3 ± 53.6 × 109/L; p = 0.044), and elevated CRP (12.5 ± 9.2 vs. 5.1 ± 5.6 mg/L; p = 0.033). Overall mortality was 16.1%; pulmonary embolism occurred in 16.1% and bleeding in 6.5%. CVAD use was not independently associated with adverse outcomes. Conclusions: IJVT presents with distinct biomarker profiles when associated with CVADs, characterized by lower systemic fibrinolysis and heightened inflammation. Recognition of these differences may refine diagnostic thresholds and guide prophylactic strategies. Larger prospective studies are warranted
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