1,721,058 research outputs found
Computation of Smooth Manifolds Via Rigorous Multi-parameter Continuation in Infinite Dimensions
Full text linkIn this paper, we introduce a constructive rigorous numerical method to compute smooth manifolds implicitly defined by infinite-dimensional nonlinear operators. We compute a simplicial triangulation of the manifold using a multi-parameter continuation method on a finite-dimensional projection. The triangulation is then used to construct local charts and an atlas of the manifold in the infinite-dimensional domain of the operator. The idea behind the construction of the smooth charts is to use the radii polynomial approach to verify the hypotheses of the uniform contraction principle over a simplex. The construction of the manifold is globalized by proving smoothness along the edge of adjacent simplices. We apply the method to compute portions of a two-dimensional manifold of equilibria of the Cahn–Hilliard equation
Blow-up profile for solutions of a fourth order nonlinear equation
Full text linkIt is well known that the nontrivial solutions of the equation
u′′′′(r)+κu′′(r)+f(u(r))=0u′′′′(r)+κu′′(r)+f(u(r))=0
blow up in finite time under suitable hypotheses on the initial data, κκ and ff. These solutions blow up with large oscillations. Knowledge of the blow-up profile of these solutions is of great importance, for instance, in studying the dynamics of suspension bridges. The equation is also commonly referred to as extended Fisher–Kolmogorov equation or Swift–Hohenberg equation.
In this paper we provide details of the blow-up profile. The key idea is to relate this blow-up profile to the existence of periodic solutions for an auxiliary equation
Cusp bifurcations: Numerical detection via two-parameter continuation and computer-assisted proofs of existence
No full textThis paper introduces a novel computer-assisted method for detecting and constructively proving the existence of cusp bifurcations in differential equations. The approach begins with a two-parameter continuation along which a tool based on the theory of Poincaré index is employed to identify the presence of a cusp bifurcation. Using the approximate cusp location, Newton’s method is then applied to a given augmented system (the cusp map), yielding a more precise numerical approximation of the cusp. Through a successful application of a Newton-Kantorovich type theorem, we establish the existence of a non-degenerate zero of the cusp map in the vicinity of the numerical approximation. Employing a Gershgorin circles argument, we then prove that exactly one eigenvalue of the Jacobian matrix at the cusp candidate has zero real part, thus rigorously confirming the presence of a cusp bifurcation. Finally, by incorporating explicit control over the cusp’s location, a rigorous enclosure for the normal form coefficient is obtained, providing the explicit dynamics on the center manifold at the cusp. We show the effectiveness of this method by applying it to four distinct models
Fire ants are drivers of biodiversity loss: a reply to King and Tschinkel (2013)
Full text linkKing and Tschinkel (2013) report on a manipulative experiment aimed at assessing the effects of a well-studied invasive ant species (Solenopsis invicta) on the species density and worker abundance of native ants in a relatively undisturbed longleaf pine savanna in northern FloridaFil: Stuble, Katharine L.. University Of Tennessee; Estados UnidosFil: Chick, Lacy D.. University Of Tennessee; Estados UnidosFil: Rodriguez Cabal, Mariano Alberto. University Of British Columbia; Canadá. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Lessard, Jean Philippe. Mc Gill University; CanadáFil: Sanders, Nathan J.. University Of Tennessee; Estados Unido
A rigorous numerical method for the proof of Galaktionov-Svirshchevskii's conjecture
No full textLa théorie des systèmes dynamiques étudie les phénomènes qui évoluent au cours du temps. Plus précisément, un système dynamique est donné par : un espace de phase dont les points correspondent à des états possibles du système étudié et une loi d'évolution décrivant l'infinitésimal (pour le cas continu) pas à pas (pour le cas discret) les changements des états du système. Le but de la théorie est de comprendre l'évolution dans le long terme. Dans ce travail, nous présentons une nouvelle méthode pour la résolution des systèmes linéaires avec preuve assistée par ordinateur dans le cadre de modèles linéaires réalistes. Après une introduction de quelques propriétés de la théorie des équations différentielles ordinaires, on introduit une méthode de calcul rigoureux pour trouver la solution périodique de la conjecture de Galaktionov-Svirshchevskii. On reformule le problème comme un problème à valeur initiale, puis on calcule la solution périodique dans le domaine positif et on déduit l'autre solution par symétrie. Notre résultat énonce une partie de la conjecture 3:2 dans le livre de Victor A. Galaktionov & Sergey R. Svirshchevskii : Exact Solutions and Invariant Subspaces of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations in Mechanics and Physics, [Chapman & Hall/CRC, applied mathematics and nonlinear science series, (2007)]. Mots clés. Conjecture de Galaktionov-Svirshchevskii, Analyse d'intervalle, Théorème de contraction de Banach, Polynômes de rayons.The theory of dynamical systems studies phenomena which are evolving in time. More precisely, a dynamical system is given by the following data: a phase space whose points correspond to the possible states of the system under consideration and an evolution law describing the infinitesimal (for continuous time) or one-step (for discrete time) change in the state of the system. The goal of the theory is to understand the long term evolution of the system. In this work, we introduce a new method for solving piecewise linear systems with computer assisted proofs in the context of realistic linear models. After introducing some properties of the theory of ordinary differential equations, we provide a rigorous computational method for finding the periodic solution of Galaktionov-Svirshchevskii's conjecture. We reformulate the problem as an initial value problem, compute periodic solution in the positive domain and deduce the other solution by symmetry. Our result settles one part of the Conjecture 3:2 by Victor A. Galaktionov & Sergey R. Svirshchevskii: Exact Solutions and Invariant Subspaces of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations in Mechanics and Physics, [Chapman & Hall/CRC, applied mathematics and nonlinear science series, (2007)]. Key words. Galaktionov-Svirshchevskii's conjecture, Interval analysis, Contraction mapping theorem, Radii polynomials
Existence de connexions homoclines pour l'équation du pont suspendu : une preuve assistée par ordinateur
No full textTableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdorales, 2015-2016Dans ce mémoire, une méthode assistée numériquement est introduite et utilisée afin de montrer l'existence d'une connexion homocline à zéro pour l'équation du pont suspendu. Cette méthode, basée sur l'utilisation du théorème de contraction de Banach, permet d'obtenir les points fixes de l'opérateur de Newton légèrement modifié. La méthode ainsi que son cadre théorique sont introduits au premier chapitre. L'espace de Banach sur lequel sera définit l'opérateur ainsi que la manière de construire l'approximation de l'inverse utilisée pour l'opérateur sont les éléments majeurs du cadre théorique. Par la suite, la méthode est utilisée dans le Chapitre 2 pour prouver rigoureusement la validité de l'approximation numérique utilisée pour la variété stable locale. Puis cette approximation est réutilisée pour prouver l'existence de la connexion homocline. Cette preuve est à nouveau effectuée en utilisant la méthode introduite au premier chapitre. Finalement, certains résultats des calculs numériques sont présentés pour conclure ce mémoire.In this work, a numerically assisted technique is introduced in order to prove the existence of a homoclinic connexion to zero for the suspension bridge equation. This technique, based on the use of the Banach fixed point theorem, can provide the fixed point of a slightly modified version of the Newton operator. The technique and its theorical background are introduced in the first chapter. The Banach space on which the operator is defined and the way to construct the approximation of the inverse needed to define the operator are the major parts of the theoretical background. The method is then used to rigorously validate the numerical approximation used to parametrize the local stable manifold. This parametrization is used to find the homoclinic connexion we are looking for. This proof is also completed using the technique from the first chapter. Finally, some results and numerical approximations will be presented in the last chapter
Équations aux dérivées partielles et systèmes dynamiques appliqués à des problèmes issus de la physique et de la biologie
No full textCette thèse s’inscrit dans le vaste domaine des équations aux dérivées partielles et des systèmes dynamiques, et s’articule autour de deux sujets distincts. Le premier est relié à l’étude des équations de coagulation-fragmentation discrètes avec diffusion. En utilisant des lemmes de dualité, on établit de nouvelles estimations Lp pour des moments polynomiaux associés aux solutions, sous une hypothèse de convergence des coefficients de diffusion. Ces estimations sur les moments permettent ensuite d’obtenir de nouveaux résultats de régularité, et de démontrer qu’une fragmentation suffisamment forte peut empêcher la gelation dans le modèle incluant la diffusion. Le second sujet est celui des preuves assistées par ordinateur dans le domaine des systèmes dynamiques. On améliore et on applique une méthode basée sur le théorème du point fixe de Banach, permettant de valider a posteriori des solutions numériques. Plus précisément, on élargit le cadre d’application de cette méthode pour inclure des opérateurs avec un terme dominant linéaire tridiagonal, on perfectionne une technique permettant de calculer et de valider des variétés invariantes, et on introduit une nouvelle technique qui améliore de manière significative l’utilisation de l’interpolation polynomiale dans le cadre de ces méthodes de preuves assistées par ordinateur. Ensuite, on applique ces techniques pour démontrer l’existence d’ondes progressives pour l’équation du pont suspendu, et pour étudier les états stationnaires non homogènes d’un système de diffusion croisée.This thesis falls within the broad framework of partial differential equations and dynamical systems, and focuses more specifically on two independent topics. The first one is the study of the discrete coagulation-fragmentation equations with diffusion. Using duality lemma we establish new Lp estimates for polynomial moments of the solutions, under an assumption of convergence of the diffusion coefficients. These moment estimates are then used to obtain new results of smoothness and to prove that strong enough fragmentation can prevent gelation even in the diffusive case. The second topic is the one of computer-assisted proofs for dynamical systems. We improve and apply a method enabling to a posteriori validate numerical solutions, which is based on Banach’s fixed point theorem. More precisely, we extend the range of applicability of the method to include operators with a dominant linear tridiagonal part, we improve an existing technique allowing to compute and validate invariant manifolds, and we introduce an new technique that significantly improves the usage of polynomial interpolation for a posteriori validation methods. Then, we apply those techniques to prove the existence of traveling waves for the suspended bridge equation, and to study inhomogeneous steady states of a cross-diffusion system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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