1,720,961 research outputs found
Social capital in relation to social living and economic development: food and local products as engines for the development of the territory
No full textThis work is divided into two parts: the first signed by Roberto Veraldi on the social capital and its effect, the second by Leonardo Seghetti on an example of local development through grape cultivation. The social capital in relation to social living is a key to mouve the economic development, because is embedded with the human life and daily life. For example, the food is not only a mechanical intake of food, but very often is accompanied by a kind of conviviality, the pleasure of being together and eat. The act of consuming food, is also a form of identity of lifestyle: think of the Mediterranean diet, or the regionality of fine dining that represent one of the
expressions of our being social individuals.
But it also represents a powerful engine of communication associated with consumption of leisure and tourism; as well as exemplary instrument of
cultural transmission of a given territory
Italian Zeolitites in the Control of Grey Mould and Sour Rot and Their Effect on Leaf Reflectance, Grape and Wine
Full text linkAbstract: The activity of two zeolitites, differing in the presence of copper and their particle size, was assessed in a Trebbiano d’Abruzzo white berry cultivar, towards grapevine grey mould and sour rot, a serious problem in almost all grapevine-growing areas. In 2018 and 2019, zeolitites were applied before forecast of rainfalls, which likely induce infection. In 2019, further applications were carried out 10 or 2 days before harvest, regardless of the rainfall, in order to verify the effect of the zeolitite
residue on leaf reflectance and composition of grapes and wines. Both zeolitites significantly reduced the infections. Only the vines treated 2 days before harvest, especially with copper zeolitite, showed a decrease in leaf reflectance. However, no differences in the yield composition related to the time of zeolitite application, as well as a decrease of yield quality, were ever recorded. Furthermore, analysis of samples collected from vines treated with zeolitites showed increases in grape soluble solids and in wine alcohol content. Our results suggest the use of zeolitites against grapevine rots as a possible effective alternative to the application of synthetic fungicides in the development of environmentally friendly control strategies
Effect of Different Foliar Fertilizer Applications on Esca Disease of Grapevine: Symptom Expression and Nutrient Content in the Leaf and Composition of the Berry
No full textAbstract: Esca disease, the most common grapevine wood disease in Europe, causes yield losses correlated with the foliar symptoms’ expression. In two vineyards located in the Abruzzo Region of Italy, each of which were investigated for esca symptoms after 1994, different applications of macro- and microelements were performed in two consecutive growing seasons. The main aim of the work consisted of verifying the effects of the fertilizer applications on the foliar symptoms’ expression, in order to deepen knowledge of the nature of the symptom, which is still unclear. For each treatment, in each year, the leaf content of macro- and microelements and the composition of berries and musts were assessed. The effects of these applications on vegetative growth and yield quantity were also verified. The trials were carried out on symptomatic, asymptomatic and apparently healthy vines. All applications, in particular those with microelements, increased the foliar symptoms’ expression, and a greater vegetative growth was detected only in vines treated with NPK fertilizers. The symptoms’ increase was always associated in the leaf with a decrease of calcium, and to a lesser extent, magnesium, reinforcing the hypothesis of the plant’s hypersensitive reaction in the development of foliar symptoms, given the role of calcium in the defense response. The vineyards
were in nutritional balance regardless of the fertilizer applications. The general increase in foliar symptoms and the decrease in sugars in the musts of asymptomatic treated vines underlined the importance of the vegetative-productive balance, in Esca infected vineyards especially, in order to limit the symptoms’ expression and the decrease in yield
First Results of Management of Powdery Mildew in Grapevine Using Sulphur, Silicate and Equisetum arvense Formulations
No full textThe management of grapevine from diseases is now particularly focused on the development of environmentally friendly strategies. Although sulphur is not in itself a toxic substance, its extensive use in powdery mildew, in organic vineyards especially, may cause environmental problems and plant phytotoxicity and affect the health and safety of viticultural workers. The activity of sulphur applied at doses reduced up to 50% in tank mixtures with silicates or Equisetum arvense-based products was assessed on powdery mildew in grapevine. Two-year trials were carried out applying the products every 7–10 days in the period of greatest risk for disease infections, in two organic vineyards in the Abruzzo region, Italy. In both vineyards throughout all trial years, at harvest, disease incidence and severity on leaves and bunches in the silicon + sulphur treatments were generally significantly lower compared to both the sulphur at full dose and to the control. In all trials, in both vineyards, a strong activity of silicon + sulphur mixtures towards disease on leaves was observed. This effect could be decisive in lowering the potential inoculum in the following season. In the Ari vineyard, vines treated with the mixtures always increased yield quantity and quality, given the higher contents of soluble solids and lower levels of total acidity. In the Cellino vineyard, probably due to the young age of the vines, increases in yield quantity were observed, with lesser effects on quality. The promising activity of the mixtures needs further studies to confirm these positive results. Furthermore, in both vineyards, the source of primary inoculum of the pathogen was observed as chasmothecia on the leaves
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Control of Grapevine Downy Mildew by an Italian Copper Chabasite-Rich Zeolitite
Full text linkAbstract: The progressive reduction in the quantities of copper regulated by the European Union is focusing the research on new formulations with a reduced copper content but equally effective.
In this regard, the activity of an Italian copper chabasite-rich zeolitite, which proved to be effective against grapevine grey mold and sour rot, was assessed against downy mildew. A two-year study
was carried out in the Abruzzo region, Italy, in a cv. Montepulciano vineyard. The applications of the copper zeolitite showed the same good results obtained by a standard integrated/conventional
strategy based on contact and systemic fungicides. At harvest, in both trial years, the plants with infected bunches in the untreated control ranged from 86.25% to 100%, compared to 15–30% of the
treated plants. Furthermore, infected bunches and berries of the untreated control vines were 70–100% while treated ones never exceeded 2.32%. Furthermore, an increase in the polyphenol content and color intensity in wines made from vines treated with copper zeolitite was confirmed and appeared to be particularly evident in hot and dry seasons. The activity of copper zeolitite towards downy mildew, the potential use against grey mold and sour rot and the protection of grapes from high temperatures indicate that this product is a promising tool for a viticulture environmentally friendly control strategy
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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