1,720,973 research outputs found
A micro review on the role of recently emerged Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools and algorithms in microbiome-gut-brain-axis associated disease therapy via psychobiotics
No full textThe microbiome-gut-brain axis involves the bidirectional connection between the gastrointestinal tract, gut microbiome, and central nervous system, and it is pivotal for mental well-being. Imbalances in the gut microbiome (dysbiosis) can disrupt neurotransmitter synthesis, leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Recent researches highlight psychobiotics as effective treatments for mental health conditions like depression. With advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and large datasets, psychobiotic research has accelerated. AI tools are increasingly used for the prediction, identification, and diagnosis of gut microbiome compositions, enabling faster and more accurate discovery of therapeutic candidates. This review explores the role of AI in enhancing microbiome-gut-brain-axis-related disease therapies through psychobiotics and discusses future directions for this rapidly evolving research field
Genomic Landscape of Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)
Full text linkThe sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottboll) is a halophytic tree and the ultimate solution to two major global issues: food security and the rapid loss of saline free agricultural lands. This palm can produce high amount of starch, besides being resistant to saline and almost disease free. Unfortunately, this valuable palm is currently underappreciated by the scientific community and the genomic landscape of this palm remained scarce to date. The
aim of this study is to sequence and characterise the sago palm chloroplast genome, document the organellar genome copy number changes across various developmental stages, organs, localities and phenotypes as well as sequence the entire nuclear genome of sago palm. The sago palm chloroplast and nuclear genome sizes determined in this study are 157,300 bp and 616,599,600 bp respectively, yielded via next generation sequencing technologies. The organellar genome copy number investigation employing the combinatorial approach of both qPCR and long-PCR assays had unearthed that the mature
leaf is generally most enriched with unimpeded plastome and mitogenome among other organs. The Plawei Manit growth stage was discovered to have the highest unimpeded organellar genomes copy numbers (over 180,000) among the five major growth stages. The trunking phenotype was proven to be superior to that of the spiny and non-trunking phenotypes in terms of organellar genomes copy numbers (over 188,000). Interestingly, the organellar genome copy numbers across four main Sarawak localities in Malaysia are indifferent statistically. This study serves as a groundwork for preliminary sago palm genomic landscape to support future haplotype and genome wide association studies
Linking microbiome to cancer: A mini-review on contemporary advances
No full textThe intricate relationship between the human microbiome and cancer has garnered significant interest in recent years, transforming our understanding of how microbial communities influence health and disease. The microbiome, particularly in the gut, is known to interact with host immune responses, metabolic processes, and inflammation pathways, all of which play roles in cancer development and progression. This mini-review presents current advances linking microbial dysbiosis to cancer, focusing on the mechanisms through which specific microbial populations contribute to oncogenesis, as well as their impact on tumor microenvironments, immune modulation, and treatment responses. Additionally, we explore how microbial profiling and manipulation strategies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are emerging as promising adjuncts in cancer prevention and therapy. Understanding the dynamic interactions between microbes and cancer cells may provide innovative perspectives on cancer treatment, opening avenues for microbiome-targeted therapies and personalized medicine
Piper yellow mottle virus : A deep dive into the genome
No full textThe piper yellow mottle virus (PYMoV) is a member under the genus Badnavirus and family Caulimoviridae. This virus has been causing nuisance and massive yield loss to the black pepper farming industry globally as it causes the stunt disease. In this study, we venture into the unattempted genome comparison across different isolates from different countries to look into the country-specific divergence. As a result, the genome comparison unraveled that the GC contents of the genomes isolated from host species Piper nigrum are comparatively lower in contrast to that isolated from other species. The genome fragment lengths of ORF2 and ORF4 tend to show country-specific patterns. The haplotype analysis further disclosed on the country-specific SNPs necessary for marker development. The whole genome phylogenetic tree constructed provides higher resolution in distinguishing country-specific clusters, in contrast to reverse transcriptase gene tree alone. The reverse transcriptase protein modelling further reinforced our apprehension on the regulators of these country-specific divergences. It is suggested that more PYMoV genomes to be sequenced from other countries to deepen our understanding on the virulence and variations of this virus in order to prevent massive harvest loss in the future
Cucumber Mosaic Virus: Global genome comparison and beyond
Full text linkAims: The cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is categorized under the genus Cucumovirus and family Bromoviridae. This
virus is known to infect over 1200 plant species from 100 families, including ornamental and horticultural plants. In this
study, we pioneered a global genome comparison to decipher the unknown orchestrators behind the virulence and
pathogenicity of CMV via the discovery of important single nucleotide polymorphic markers.
Methodology and results: As a result, the genome size was found to be a potential preliminary country-specific marker
for South Korea and the GC content can be utilized to preliminarily differentiate Turkey isolates from the others. The
motif analysis as well as whole genome and coat protein phylogenetic trees were unable to form country-specific
clusters. However, the coat protein haplotype analysis had successfully unconcealed country-specific single nucleotide
polymorphic markers for Iran, Turkey and Japan isolates. Moreover, coat protein modelling and gene ontology prediction
depicted high conservation across CMV isolates from different countries.
Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The country-specific single nucleotide polymorphic markers unearthed
in this study may provide significant data towards the profiling of varying virulence and pathogenicity of CMV across the
globe in time to combat the yield loss driven by this virus thru the most efficacious biological control measures in the
future
Mutagenesis Analysis of ABCB8 Gene Promoter of Danio rerio
Full text linkThe ABCB8 is one of the members under the ABCB subfamily of ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter which possess the ability in regulating the intracellular iron and heme transport. The loss of function mutation of ABCB8 gene leads to iron and heme accumulation in the cell which is highly toxic to human. However, the information regarding the expression regulation of this gene remains scarce. Hence, the objectives of this project are to determine the transcription factors binding site (TFBS) of ABCB8 and to identify the transcriptional roles of the cis-elements through mutagenesis analysis. To examine this, total genomic DNA was extracted from Danio rerio and the promoter sequence was isolated by using specific pair of primers through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The sample was sent for DNA sequencing and the result showed 98% similarities to the zebrafish DNA sequence from clone DKEYP-87A6 in linkage group 24. Besides, the TFBS was studied in aspect of TFBS abundance, TFBS composition and TFBS distribution. The two most abundant TFBSs based on liver-specific profile were HNF-3β and C/EBPβ, with 38 and 39 binding sites, respectively. The sequence of ABCB8 promoter gene was mutated through substitution of the AP-1 binding site at location 535 with other nucleotides by using a pair of mutagenic primers (forward primer: 5’-TGGGGGTTTAGATATTGAAAC-3’; reverse primer: 5’-AACTCGC ATACATTTCAGTCATC-3’). This result may benefit the development of new diagnostics and therapeutics for iron-associated disorder
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Organellar genome copy number variations and integrity across different organs, growth stages, phenotypes and main localities of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottboll) in Sarawak, Malaysia
Full text linkThe sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottboll) is one valuable food crop that has both high economic and nature value with promising potential to curb future global hunger issues. The organellar genomes, namely mitogenome and plastome, are indispensable in various development processes of plants, orchestrating the survivability and adaptability of the host and fulfilling its physiological needs. The long-PCR and qPCR approaches were used in couple to reveal the organellar genome copy number variations across different organs, growth stages, phenotypes and main localities in Sarawak, Malaysia. In this study, the mature leaf achieved among the highest unimpeded plastome and mitogenome copy number among other organs such as young root, mature root, young shoot, aged leaf and pneumatophore. The Plawei Manit stage scored the highest in terms of unimpeded mitogenome and plastome copy number across other four growth stages. The non-trunking and spiny phenotypes inspected have lower organellar genome copy numbers than the trunking phenotype. All three phenotypes sampled from four different localities in Sarawak, Malaysia showed no significant difference. This study serves as a steppingstone in unravelling the organellar genome copy number variations of sago palm and this knowledge is essential for future genotyping studies
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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