1,721,048 research outputs found
Use of prescription drugs and risk of cutaneous melanoma
No full textCutaneous melanoma is the most rapidly growing malignancy in Norway and is becoming an increasing public health concern. While exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun and solarium is the primary risk factor, certain prescription drugs may induce reduced immune function and/or increased sensitivity to UVR exposure, further increasing the risk of melanoma.
In his thesis “Use of prescribed drugs and risk of cutaneous melanoma” Leon Alexander Mclaren Berge and co-workers have investigated the associations between the use of commonly prescribed drugs; antidepressant, immunomodulating and antihypertensive drugs, and the risk of melanoma in the Norwegian population. Relevant data was obtained from the Cancer Registry of Norway, the Norwegian Prescription Database, the Norwegian National Registry and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. A nested case-control design was used to estimate the risk for each drug group by number of prescriptions and cumulative dose. Sex, age, melanoma type, body site, and clinical stage, as well as ambient UVR exposure were taken into account in the analyses.
Use of antidepressant drugs was associated with a decreased risk of melanoma, which aside from drug-effects may result from reduced UVR exposure among such users. Use of immunosuppressant drugs was associated with an increased risk of melanoma, particularly those drugs prescribed to organ transplant recipients. Use of certain antihypertensive drugs were also associated with an increased risk.
The findings of this thesis suggest that long-term use of certain drug types can increase the risk of melanoma through immune mechanisms and/or increased UVR sensitivity. The findings may be used to better inform the medical community and the relevant patient groups about the potential risks, for more targeted melanoma prevention
Interview with Leon Alexander
No full textIn this interview, Leon Alexander recounts his life as a coal miner and his involvement in the United Mine Workers of America. He discusses the challenges of organizing in the South, where there was strong anti-union sentiment. He also recounts the 1922 United Mine Workers of America Strike that was broken up by the National Guard and the Jefferson County Sheriff's Department. This strike ultimately resulted in men being blacklisted, unable to get another job. Alexander describes the segregated conditions in the mining camps and being required to hold segregated union meetings. These practices eventually ended because men were more concerned about working conditions than upholding racial ideology. He adds that the bath houses at the mine were also segregated. He also describes race relations in Alabama in the 1920s and being treated like a second-class citizen. Alexander recalls being taken in the mines for the first time by his father and deciding this was hard work but at least it would get him out of the hot sun. He had heard about explosions, but they didn't scare him. Other employees never went back after explosions because they were afraid, but the vast majority of the men went back to work. In this interview he says death was a constant companion in mining. There were so many ways of getting killed; they just never paid too much attention to it. He recalls his first day in the mines as the scariest day of his life. He felt like the world was coming to an end but eventually he got accustomed to it. His father taught him how to coal mine. Miners would bring their children into the mine and the fathers would pay the children to help with their tonnage. He explains that if someone carried a child in who got killed, the company didn't have to pay for it, because the child wasn't their employee. Alexander reports that many men were reluctant to strike because these were the same families that were involved in the 1922 strike. He also describes the technological advances in coal mining in the interview and details how unions have improved working conditions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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